scholarly journals Correction to: Inhibitory effects of ultrasound irradiation on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harumi Koibuchi ◽  
Yasutomo Fujii ◽  
Yusuke Sato’o ◽  
Takashi Mochizuki ◽  
Toshiyuki Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Ultrasound Irradiation ◽  
Inhibitory Effects

scholarly journals Inhibitory effects of ultrasound irradiation on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harumi Koibuchi ◽  
Yasutomo Fujii ◽  
Yusuke Sato’o ◽  
Takashi Mochizuki ◽  
Toshiyuki Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Ultrasound Irradiation ◽  
Bottom Surface ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Continuous Waves

Abstract Purpose We aimed to investigate whether low-intensity continuous and pulsed wave ultrasound (US) irradiation can inhibit the formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms, for potential application in the treatment of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI). Methods S. epidermidis biofilms that formed on the bottom surfaces of 6-well plates were irradiated on the bottom surface using the sound cell incubator system for different intervals of time. Results US irradiation with continuous waves for 24 h notably inhibited biofilm formation (p < 0.01), but the same US irradiation for 12 h had no remarkable effect. Further, double US irradiation with pulsed waves for 20 min inhibited biofilm formation by 33.6%, nearly two-fold more than single US irradiation, which reduced it by 17.9%. Conclusion US irradiation of a lower intensity (ISATA = 6–29 mW/cm2) than used in a previous study and lower than recommended by the Food and Drug Administration shows potential for preventing CRBSI caused by bacterial biofilms.

scholarly journals Bacterial exposure leads to variable mortality but not a measurable increase in surface antimicrobials across ant species

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10412
Author(s):  
Omar Halawani ◽  
Robert R. Dunn ◽  
Amy M. Grunden ◽  
Adrian A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Solenopsis Invicta ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Aphaenogaster Rudis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health Threats ◽  
Environmental Bacteria ◽  
Significant Mortality

Social insects have co-existed with microbial species for millions of years and have evolved a diversity of collective defenses, including the use of antimicrobials. While many studies have revealed strategies that ants use against microbial entomopathogens, and several have shown ant-produced compounds inhibit environmental bacterial growth, few studies have tested whether exposure to environmental bacteria represents a health threat to ants. We compare four ant species’ responses to exposure to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria in order to broaden our understanding of microbial health-threats to ants and their ability to defend against them. In a first experiment, we measure worker mortality of Solenopsis invicta, Brachymyrmex chinensis, Aphaenogaster rudis, and Dorymyrmex bureni in response to exposure to E. coli and S. epidermidis. We found that exposure to E. coli was lethal for S. invicta and D. bureni, while all other effects of exposure were not different from experimental controls. In a second experiment, we compared the antimicrobial ability of surface extracts from bacteria-exposed and non-exposed S. invicta and B. chinensis worker ants, to see if exposure to E. coli or S. epidermidis led to an increase in antimicrobial compounds. We found no difference in the inhibitory effects from either treatment group in either species. Our results demonstrate the susceptibility to bacteria is varied across ant species. This variation may correlate with an ant species’ use of surface antimicrobials, as we found significant mortality effects in species which also were producing antimicrobials. Further exploration of a wide range of both bacteria and ant species is likely to reveal unique and nuanced antimicrobial strategies and deepen our understanding of how ant societies respond to microbial health threats.

Antimicrobial Activity of Newly Formulated Propolis Cream

2012 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
pp. 545-547
Author(s):  
P. Puttamayutanon ◽  
W. Trongarom ◽  
N. Janta ◽  
S. Ruengsiri ◽  
S. Kamjaisai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Growth Inhibition Zone ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activities present in newly formulated propolis cream and compare them with an organic solvent extract of propolis. The antimicrobial activities were examined using the agar well diffusion method and measuring the growth inhibition zone. The skin pathogen gram-positive organisms used were Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Staphylococcus aureus. The propolis cream and extracts showed satisfactory inhibitory effects on the microbial growth.

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Staphylococcus Epidermidis Adherence to Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 520-521
Author(s):  
William J. Lamoreaux ◽  
David L. Smalley ◽  
Larry M. Baddour ◽  
Alfred P. Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Intravascular Devices ◽  
Capd Patient ◽  
Scanning Electron

Infections associated with the use of intravascular devices have been documented and have been reported to be related to duration of catheter usage. Recently, Eaton et al. reported that Staphylococcus epidermidis may attach to silastic catheters used in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) treatment. The following study presents findings using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of S. epidermidis adherence to silastic catheters in an in vitro model. In addition, sections of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) dialysis bags were also evaluated by SEM.The S. epidermidis strain RP62A which had been obtained in a previous outbreak of coagulase-negative staphylococcal sepsis at local hospitals was used in these experiments. The strain produced surface slime on exposure to glucose, whereas a nonadherent variant RP62A-NA, which was also used in these studies, failed to produce slime. Strains were grown overnight on blood agar plates at 37°C, harvested from the surface and resuspended in sterile saline (0.85%), centrifuged (3,000 rpm for 10 minutes) and then washed twice in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.0. Organisms were resuspended at a concentration of ca. 106 CFU/ml in: a) sterile unused dianeal at 4.25% dextrose, b) sterile unused dianeal at 1.5% dextrose, c) sterile used dialysate previously containing 4.25% dextrose taken from a CAPD patient, and d) sterile used dialysate previously containing 1.5% dextrose taken from a CAPD patient.

Inhibitory effects of bioaccessible anthocyanins and procyanidins from apple, red grape, cinnamon on α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Pınar Ercan ◽  
Sedef Nehir El
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Red Grape

Abstract. The goals of this study were to determine and evaluate the bioaccessibility of total anthocyanin and procyanidin in apple (Amasya, Malus communis), red grape (Papazkarası, Vitis vinifera) and cinnamon (Cassia, Cinnamomum) using an in vitro static digestion system based on human gastrointestinal physiologically relevant conditions. Also, in vitro inhibitory effects of these foods on lipid (lipase) and carbohydrate digestive enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) were performed with before and after digested samples using acarbose and methylumbelliferyl oleate (4MUO) as the positive control. While the highest total anthocyanin content was found in red grape (164 ± 2.51 mg/100 g), the highest procyanidin content was found in cinnamon (6432 ± 177.31 mg/100 g) (p < 0.05). The anthocyanin bioaccessibilities were found as 10.2 ± 1%, 8.23 ± 0.64%, and 8.73 ± 0.70% in apple, red grape, and cinnamon, respectively. The procyanidin bioaccessibilities of apple, red grape, and cinnamon were found as 17.57 ± 0.71%, 14.08 ± 0.74% and 18.75 ± 1.49%, respectively. The analyzed apple, red grape and cinnamon showed the inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (IC50 544 ± 21.94, 445 ± 15.67, 1592 ± 17.58 μg/mL, respectively), α-amylase (IC50 38.4 ± 7.26, 56.1 ± 3.60, 3.54 ± 0.86 μg/mL, respectively), and lipase (IC50 52.7 ± 2.05, 581 ± 54.14, 49.6 ± 2.72 μg/mL), respectively. According to our results apple, red grape and cinnamon have potential to inhibit of lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase digestive enzymes.

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