scholarly journals Diverging sequences of unit volume invariant metrics with bounded curvature

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Pediconi
Keyword(s):  
Unit Volume ◽  
Invariant Metrics ◽  
Bounded Curvature

Quantitative energy-filtered tem imaging of interfaces

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 542-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bentley ◽  
E. A. Kenik ◽  
K. Siangchaew ◽  
M. Libera
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Core Loss ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
Slit Width ◽  
Elemental Mapping ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Inelastic Mean Free Path

Quantitative elemental mapping by inner shell core-loss energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with a Gatan Imaging Filter (GIF) interfaced to a Philips CM30 TEM operated with a LaB6 filament at 300 kV has been applied to interfaces in a range of materials. Typically, 15s exposures, slit width Δ = 30 eV, TEM magnifications ∼2000 to 5000×, and probe currents ≥200 nA, were used. Net core-loss maps were produced by AE−r background extrapolation from two pre-edge windows. Zero-loss I0 (Δ ≈ 5 eV) and “total” intensity IT (unfiltered, no slit) images were used to produce maps of t/λ = ln(IT/I0), where λ is the total inelastic mean free path. Core-loss images were corrected for diffraction contrast by normalization with low-loss images recorded with the same slit width, and for changes in thickness by normalization with t/λ, maps. Such corrected images have intensities proportional to the concentration in atoms per unit volume. Jump-ratio images (post-edge divided by pre-edge) were also produced. Spectrum lines across planar interfaces were recorded with TEM illumination by operating the GIF in the spectroscopy mode with an area-selecting slit oriented normal to the energy-dispersion direction. Planar interfaces were oriented normal to the area-selecting slit with a specimen rotation holder.

Comparative Study of Size, Total Protein, Fibrinogen and 5-HT Content of Human and Canine Platelet Density Subpopulations

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 288-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Mezzano ◽  
Eduardo Aranda ◽  
Arnaldo Foradori
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
Artifactual Changes ◽  
Platelet Release ◽  
The Difference

SummaryThe size, total protein, fibrinogen and 5-HT content were evaluated in density subpopulations of human and canine platelets fractionated in linear arabinogalactan gradients. The methodology was assessed to ascertain that platelet separation was by density and to discard artifactual changes and platelet release during the procedure. EDTA or PGEi increased the size of human PRP-platelets, but not of dog platelets. In humans, high density (HD) platelets were 1.26 times larger and contained 1.88 times more fibrinogen, 2.23 times more 5-HT and 1.37 times more protein than low density (LD) platelets; in dogs, these density cohorts did not differ in protein content, but LD platelets were 1.29 times larger and had 1.33 times more fibrinogen and 5-HT than HD platelets. These findings suggest that cell density is mostly dependent on the protein content per unit volume of platelets (and not on dense bodies). The differences in fibrinogen and 5-HT content between HD and LD cohorts in humans and dogs may be related to platelet age. The difference in volume between HD and LD platelets in dogs is of uncertain interpretation.

System of thermodynamic quantities in the McMillan-Mayer solution theory

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilém Kodýtek
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Generating Function ◽  
Simple Form ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Solution Theory ◽  
Pure Solvent ◽  
Second Derivatives ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Derivatives Of

The McMillan-Mayer (MM) free energy per unit volume of solution AMM, is employed as a generating function of the MM system of thermodynamic quantities for solutions in the state of osmotic equilibrium with pure solvent. This system can be defined by replacing the quantities G, T, P, and m in the definition of the Lewis-Randall (LR) system by AMM, T, P0, and c (P0 being the pure solvent pressure). Following this way the LR to MM conversion relations for the first derivatives of the free energy are obtained in a simple form. New relations are derived for its second derivatives.

scholarly journals Remarks on Manifolds with Two-Sided Curvature Bounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Vitali Kapovitch ◽  
Alexander Lytchak
Keyword(s):  
Distance Functions ◽  
Cut Locus ◽  
Bounded Curvature ◽  
Curvature Bounds ◽  
Positive Reach

Abstract We discuss folklore statements about distance functions in manifolds with two-sided bounded curvature. The topics include regularity, subsets of positive reach and the cut locus.

scholarly journals Second harmonic generation correlation spectroscopy for characterizing translationally diffusing protein nanocrystals

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 849-859
Author(s):  
Ximeng Y. Dow ◽  
Christopher M. Dettmar ◽  
Emma L. DeWalt ◽  
Justin A. Newman ◽  
Alexander R. Dow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Harmonic Generation ◽  
Harmonic Generation ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Process ◽  
Active Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Second harmonic generation correlation spectroscopy (SHG-CS) is demonstrated as a new approach to protein nanocrystal characterization. A novel line-scanning approach was performed to enable autocorrelation analysis without sample damage from the intense incident beam. An analytical model for autocorrelation was developed, which includes a correction for the optical scattering forces arising when focusing intense, infrared beams. SHG-CS was applied to the analysis of BaTiO3nanoparticles ranging from 200 to ∼500 nm and of photosystem I nanocrystals. A size distribution was recovered for each sample and compared with the size histogram measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Good agreement was observed between the two independent measurements. The intrinsic selectivity of the second-order nonlinear optical process provides SHG-CS with the ability to distinguish well ordered nanocrystals from conglomerates and amorphous aggregates. Combining the recovered distribution of particle diameters with the histogram of measured SHG intensities provides the inherent hyperpolarizability per unit volume of the SHG-active nanoparticles. Simulations suggest that the SHG activity per unit volume is likely to exhibit relatively low sensitivity to the subtle distortions within the lattice that contribute to resolution loss in X-ray diffraction, but high sensitivity to the presence of multi-domain crystals.

scholarly journals On the Number of Tetrahedra with Minimum, Unit, and Distinct Volumes in Three-Space

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADRIAN DUMITRESCU ◽  
CSABA D. TÓTH
Keyword(s):  
Unit Volume ◽  
Time Algorithm ◽  
Combinatorial Problems ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Point Sets ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Three Space

We formulate and give partial answers to several combinatorial problems on volumes of simplices determined bynpoints in 3-space, and in general inddimensions.(i)The number of tetrahedra of minimum (non-zero) volume spanned bynpoints in$\mathbb{R}$3is at most$\frac{2}{3}n^3-O(n^2)$, and there are point sets for which this number is$\frac{3}{16}n^3-O(n^2)$. We also present anO(n3) time algorithm for reporting all tetrahedra of minimum non-zero volume, and thereby extend an algorithm of Edelsbrunner, O'Rourke and Seidel. In general, for every$k,d\in \mathbb{N}, 1\leq k \leq d$, the maximum number ofk-dimensional simplices of minimum (non-zero) volume spanned bynpoints in$\mathbb{R}$dis Θ(nk).(ii)The number of unit volume tetrahedra determined bynpoints in$\mathbb{R}$3isO(n7/2), and there are point sets for which this number is Ω(n3log logn).(iii)For every$d\in \mathbb{N}$, the minimum number of distinct volumes of all full-dimensional simplices determined bynpoints in$\mathbb{R}$d, not all on a hyperplane, is Θ(n).

Comparative Thermodynamics for Brayton and Rankine Cycles

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Beans
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Model ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Equal Work ◽  
Maximum Work ◽  
Cycle Temperature ◽  
Selection Of

The thermal efficiency, work per unit mass, and work per unit volume of the simple Rankine and Brayton cycles are expressed in terms of seven independent variables using a simplified thermodynamic model. By requiring equal efficiency, equal work conditions, and the same maximum cycle temperature for both cycles, two necessary relationships are established between the seven independent variables. These two relationships along with two maximum work conditions produce a method for comparing required and selected properties. These comparisons provide useful guidelines for the selection of the cycle and cycle fluids. The comparison analysis shows that for a given application the more attractive cycle is strongly dependent upon the fluids selected.

Optimization Research of Mix Proportion of Frost Resistance Construction of Concrete Based on the MATLAB Language

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 1917-1921
Author(s):  
Jun Jie Zhang ◽  
Rui Hong Shao ◽  
Xiang Yi Meng
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Cold Region ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
Mix Proportion

Analyze the influence factors of mix proportion affecting concrete freeze-thaw damage. Use the five main performance indexes of the concrete, which are compressive strength, strength of extension, impermeability grade, and frost resistance grade and per unit volume cost concrete, as the objective function of multi-objective optimization equation. Invoke the fgoalattain function in the MATLAB Optimization Toolbox to solve. The optimized parameters of mix proportion of frost resistance construction of unit concrete in cold region are: concrete 1532.6kg, water 910kg, sand 5510.6kg, 5-20mm cobblestone 3747.2kg、20-40mm cobblestone 3658.6kg、40-80mm cobblestone 4733.5kg、80-150mm cobblestone 4738.1kg, and the dosage of water reducing agent is 7.3kg.

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