The effect of different levels of tree cover on milk production in dual-purpose livestock systems in the humid tropics of the Colombian Amazon region

Livestock systems can contribute to food security by making use of available resources not suitable for human consumption such as Cucurbita argyrosperma Huber residue (CR). The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate preference and physicochemical characteristics of CR silages and their effect on milk production and milk composition from cows in a dual-purpose system in Campeche, Mexico. Three completely randomized experiments were performed. In experiment 1, physicochemical characteristics of four CR plus hay grass silages were evaluated: CR-77, CR-71, CR-65 and CR-59, containing 77%, 71%, 65% and 59% of CR, with 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% of estimated dry matter (DM), respectively. In experiment 2, silages intake preferences were determined in cattle. In experiment 3, the effect of CR silage or corn silage on milk production and milk composition of grazing cows in a dual-purpose system was evaluated. The results in experiment 1 showed that DM content differed between treatments (p < 0.05), ranging from 27.35% (CR-77) to 41.81% (CR-59) and estimated DM was similar to the actual values. pH and temperature were also different (p < 0.05). pH was different between CR-71 (4.01) and CR-59 (4.43), and temperature between CR-77 (28.87 °C) and CR-65 (29.5 °C). Crude protein (CP) was very low in all silages (<4%), particularly in CR-59 (2.8%) (p < 0.05), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher with CR-65 and CR-59 (average: 79.6%) than CR-77 and CR-71 (average 75.1%). There were no differences in intake preference (experiment 2), milk production (average 3.7 L) or milk composition (average protein: 3.27%, fat: 2.26%, lactose: 5.23%, solids non-fat: 9.17%) (experiment 3) (p > 0.05), but differences in DM intake of silages in experiment 3 were observed (p < 0.05). Even with the limitations of this pilot study, it is feasible to produce silages with CR with a good fermentation process as a feeding alternative for cows in a dual-purpose system in Campeche, Mexico.

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EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PROTECTED L-CARNITINE ON MILK PRODUCTION, METABOLISM, AND REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE DAIRY COWS

Sel skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya ◽

10.15389/agrobiology.2018.6.1169eng ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (6) ◽

pp. 1169-1179

Author(s):

M.G. Chabaev ◽

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R.V. Nekrasov ◽

V.N. Romanova ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

High Performance ◽

Reproductive Parameters ◽

Different Levels

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Sire evaluations at different levels of milk production

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences ◽

10.22358/jafs/69887/1992 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 9-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Żarenecki ◽

W. Strzałkowski

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Different Levels

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Influence of reproductive qualities on dairy productivity of cows of the Simmental breed

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202128504005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 285 ◽

pp. 04005

Author(s):

Maria Grinchuk ◽

Yulia Nesterova

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Mass Fraction ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Production Performance ◽

Dry Period ◽

Milk Productivity ◽

Service Period ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Different Levels

The aim of work is to explore influence of first fruitful insemination, service period and dry period to dairy productivity of Simmental cows. The research is aimed at studying the milk production of Simmental cows with different levels of reproductive qualities. The result of the research, a relation was established between the age of the first fruitful insemination, the duration of the service period, the duration of the dry period and milk production performance. It has been established that the age of the first fruitful insemination at 18-24 months has the most beneficial effect on subsequent milk production. The service period of 90-120 days has a positive effect to an increase in milk yield per 305 days of lactation, the longer service period negatively affects to the mass fraction of fat. With an increase in the duration of the dry period, the mass fraction of fat increases, but milk yield decreases. The influence of reproductive qualities to the milk protein is negligible. It was revealed that the age of the first insemination at 18-24 months is the most profitable for production. According to the results of the research, it can be judged that reproductive qualities, in combination with other factors, affect the milk productivity of Simmental cows.

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High Infection to SARS-CoV-2 in an Indigen Community of the Colombian Amazon Region

10.20944/preprints202109.0307.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Héctor Serrano-Coll ◽

Hollman Miller ◽

Camila Rodríguez-Van der hamen ◽

Bertha gastelbondo ◽

Wilkhen Novoa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infection Rate ◽

Amazon Region ◽

World Health ◽

Antibody Detection ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asymptomatic Patients ◽

High Infection ◽

Colombian Amazon

Introduction. COVID-19 is a pathology caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus. The World Health Organization has reported more than 94 million cases and two million deaths worldwide. Objective: To describe the seroprevalence, spatial distribution, and clinical and sociodemographic variables of SARS-CoV2 in a community of the Colombian Amazon region. Methods. In December 2020, a cross-sectional observational study was carried out in a population located in the Colombian Amazon in the municipality of Mitú. Sociodemographic and clinical data were taken. Besides, 590 blood samples were taken, and an antibody detection was carried out with an ELISA and a recombinant protein N antigen of SARS-CoV2. Results. A seroprevalence of 57.6% was observed. The highest proportion of the infection is located in inter-municipal transport zones. The bivariate analysis did not show differences in the SARS-CoV2 infection rate concerning the variables sex, age-range, and the presence of comorbidities (P> 0.05). The bivariate and multivariate analysis showed that being symptomatic and presenting neurological manifestations of the upper respiratory tract are clinical variables associated with SARS-CoV2 infection (P <0.05). One of the causes of this virus's high spread in this community could be that 53.3% of the people were asymptomatic. Conclusions. Our data showed a high burden and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in this indigenous community. This could be linked to cultural behaviors and the high infection rate in asymptomatic patients.

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Genetic relationship between type traits, number of lactations initiated, and lifetime milk performance in Czech Fleckvieh cattle

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/60/2017-cjas ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (No. 12) ◽

pp. 501-510 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. Novotný ◽

J. Frelich ◽

J. Beran ◽

L. Zavadilová

Keyword(s):

Body Size ◽

Milk Production ◽

Genetic Relationship ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Lifetime Performance ◽

Dual Purpose Cattle ◽

Type Traits ◽

Milk Performance

Genetic relationship was analyzed between type traits and longevity measures in dual-purpose cattle. Data from 91 486 Czech Fleckvieh cows first calved between 2003 and 2009 were used. Longevity was defined as the actual number of lactations initiated per cow and also as functional longevity, which incorporated an adjustment to account for variation in voluntary culling based upon milk production. Lifetime performance was defined as cumulative milk production through the 6<sup>th</sup> parity. All cows were scored for conformation traits during their first lactation. Genetic correlations between these traits and longevity measures were estimated by bivariate analysis using the DMU variance component program package. Type trait heritabilities ranged from 0.30 to 0.59, while heritabilities for longevity and functional longevity were 0.06 and 0.05, respectively. Heritability of lifetime performance was 0.08. Genetic correlations between type traits and longevity measures ranged from low to intermediate values. Genetic correlations of the measured body size traits to the real and functional longevity ranged from –0.06 to –0.29, for udder traits from –0.02 to 0.33, and for foot and leg traits from –0.03 to 0.17. Genetic correlations between the measured body size traits and lifetime performance ranged from –0.03 to –0.30, for udder traits from 0.05 to 0.47, for foot and leg traits from –0.07 to 0.15. Genetic correlations of composite trait scores for frame, muscularity, feet and legs, and udder with longevity traits ranged from –0.20 to 0.41 and for lifetime performance –0.14 to 0.51. The highest genetic correlations between a type trait and functional longevity were for composite udder score (0.25), feet and legs (0.26), and udder depth (0.33), suggesting that these traits could serve as indicators of functional longevity. We conclude that selection based upon easily and inexpensively measured type traits could improve functional longevity of cows as well as lifetime milk production.

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Global humid tropics forest structural condition and forest structural integrity maps

Scientific Data ◽

10.1038/s41597-019-0214-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Andrew Hansen ◽

Kevin Barnett ◽

Patrick Jantz ◽

Linda Phillips ◽

Scott J. Goetz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ecosystem Services ◽

Structural Integrity ◽

Condition Index ◽

Structural Condition ◽

Humid Tropics ◽

Airborne Lidar ◽

Tree Cover ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Human Pressure ◽

Conservation Assessment

Abstract Remotely sensed maps of global forest extent are widely used for conservation assessment and planning. Yet, there is increasing recognition that these efforts must now include elements of forest quality for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Such data are not yet available globally. Here we introduce two data products, the Forest Structural Condition Index (SCI) and the Forest Structural Integrity Index (FSII), to meet this need for the humid tropics. The SCI integrates canopy height, tree cover, and time since disturbance to distinguish short, open-canopy, or recently deforested stands from tall, closed-canopy, older stands typical of primary forest. The SCI was validated against estimates of foliage height diversity derived from airborne lidar. The FSII overlays a global index of human pressure on SCI to identify structurally complex forests with low human pressure, likely the most valuable for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. These products represent an important step in maturation from conservation focus on forest extent to forest stands that should be considered “best of the last” in international policy settings.

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