scholarly journals Growth of wood-inhabiting yeasts of the Faroe Islands in the presence of spent sulphite liquor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Rönnander ◽  
Sandra Ann Ingela Wright
Keyword(s):  
Paper Industry ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Faroe Islands ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Acid Hydrolysate ◽  
Inhibitory Compounds ◽  
Spent Sulphite Liquor ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Decaying Wood ◽  
Similar Growth

AbstractIn the microbial community of decaying wood, yeasts are important for the recycling of nutrients. Nevertheless, information on their biodiversity in this niche in the Northern hemisphere is limited. Wood-colonising yeasts encounter identical and similar growth-inhibitory compounds as those in spent sulphite liquor (SSL), an energy-rich, acid hydrolysate and waste product from the paper industry, which may render them well-suited for cultivation in SSL. In the present study, yeasts were isolated from decaying wood on the Faroe Islands and identified based on sequence homology of the ITS and D1/D2 regions. Among the yeasts isolated, Candida argentea, Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum, Naganishia albidosimilis, Naganishia onofrii, Holtermanniella takashimae and Goffeauzyma gastrica were new to decaying wood in cold and temperate climates. C. argentea and Rhodotorula are rarely-isolated species, with no previous documentation from cold and maritime climates. The isolates were further tested for growth in a medium with increasing concentrations of softwood SSL. Most grew in the presence of 10% SSL. Isolates of Debaryomyces sp., C. argentea and Rhodotorula sp. were the most tolerant. Representatives of Debaryomyces and Rhodotorula have previously been found in decaying wood. In contrast, the least tolerant isolates belonged to species that are rarely reported from decaying wood. The relative importance of individual inhibitors to yeast growth is discussed. To our knowledge, none of the present yeast species have previously been cultivated in SSL medium. Decaying wood can be a useful future source of yeasts for valorisation of various hydrolysates to industrial chemicals and biofuels.

scholarly journals Tequila Agave Bagasse Hydrolysate for the Production of Polyhydroxybutyrate by Burkholderia sacchari

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda González-García ◽  
Janessa Grieve ◽  
Juan Carlos Meza-Contreras ◽  
Berenice Clifton-García ◽  
José Antonio Silva-Guzman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Hydroxybutyric Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Compounds ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Biotechnological Processes ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Dry Cell ◽  
By Products

Tequila agave bagasse (TAB) is the fibrous waste from the Tequila production process. It is generated in large amounts and its disposal is an environmental problem. Its use as a source of fermentable sugars for biotechnological processes is of interest; thus, it was investigated for the production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) by the xylose-assimilating bacteria Burkholderia sacchari. First, it was chemically hydrolyzed, yielding 20.6 g·L−1 of reducing sugars, with xylose and glucose as the main components (7:3 ratio). Next, the effect of hydrolysis by-products on B. sacchari growth was evaluated. Phenolic compounds showed the highest toxicity (> 60% of growth inhibition). Then, detoxification methods (resins, activated charcoal, laccases) were tested to remove the growth inhibitory compounds from the TAB hydrolysate (TABH). The highest removal percentage (92%) was achieved using activated charcoal (50 g·L−1, pH 2, 4 h). Finally, detoxified TABH was used as the carbon source for the production of PHB in a two-step batch culture, reaching a biomass production of 11.3 g·L−1 and a PHB accumulation of 24 g PHB g−1 dry cell (after 122 h of culture). The polymer structure resulted in a homopolymer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid. It is concluded that the TAB could be hydrolyzed and valorized as a carbon source for producing PHB.

scholarly journals The ftsH Gene of the Wine Bacterium Oenococcus oeni Is Involved in Protection against Environmental Stress

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 2512-2520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Bourdineaud ◽  
Benjamin Nehmé ◽  
Sonia Tesse ◽  
Aline Lonvaud-Funel
Keyword(s):  
Protein Function ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Oenococcus Oeni ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Inhibitory Compounds ◽  
Growth Inhibitory

ABSTRACT The wine bacterium Oenococcus oeni has to cope with harsh environmental conditions, including an acidic pH, a high alcoholic content, nonoptimal growth temperatures, and growth-inhibitory compounds such as fatty acids, phenolic acids, and tannins. We describe the characterization and cloning of the O. oeni ftsH gene, encoding a protease belonging to the ATP binding cassette protein superfamily. The O. oeni FtsH protein is closest in sequence similarity to the FtsH homologue of Lactococcus lactis. The O. oeni ftsH gene proved to be stress-responsive, since its expression increased at high temperatures or under osmotic shock. O. oeni FtsH protein function was tested in an Escherichia coli ftsH mutant strain, and consistent with the O. oeni ftsH gene expression pattern, the O. oeni FtsH protein provided protection for the E. coli ftsH mutant against heat shock. O. oeni and Bradyrhizobium japonicum FtsH proteins also triggered E. coli resistance to wine toxicity. Genes homologous to O. oeni ftsH were detected in many other lactic acid bacteria found in wine, suggesting that this type of gene constitutes a well-conserved stress-protective molecular device.

scholarly journals Degradation and polymerization of black liquor lignin using Bacillus sp. isolated from a pulp mill

BioResources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1049-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nipatcharaporn Sapapporn ◽  
Sirilux Chaijamrus ◽  
Wassana Chatdumrong ◽  
Tochampa
Keyword(s):  
Paper Industry ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Industrial Utilization ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
First Time

A strain of Bacillus bacteria, which was able to increase the molecular weight (M) of black liquor (BL) lignin through polymerization, enabling the subsequent industrial use of lignin, was isolated and characterized. This study is believed to be the first time that actual bacteria cells, rather than pure laccase, have been used to polymerize BL lignin. Black liquor is a toxic waste product from the pulp and paper industry that contains lignin. However, the M of lignin is too low for commercial use. The bacteria performed two processes. First, the bacteria produced laccase, which degraded lignin into low M aromatic compounds (LMWACs). Second, the laccase transformed the LMWACs into quinone intermediates, which polymerized and became high M lignin. Five bacterial strains were isolated from a pulp mill, and the best strain was selected. The optimum growing conditions and BL concentration were determined. The optimum growth conditions when using pure lignin were 1 g/L lignin, 5 g/L urea, and 35 °C. When using BL instead of pure lignin, the optimum concentration was 2% BL (v/v). This information could help develop effective industrial utilization of BL lignin.

scholarly journals Purification and characterization of growth-inhibitory compounds from 2 genera of British Columbia wild mushrooms: fomitopsis and phaeolus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jiazhi Da
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Charge Ratio ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Fomitopsis Pinicola ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Inhibitory Compounds ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Foundational Work

Modern science is currently working to characterize the beneficial compounds from mushrooms and their potential as pharmaceutical drugs. In this thesis, eight British Columbian wild mushroom collections (3 species), comprising Fomitopsis pinicola, Phaeolus schweinitzii and Phaeolus sp., were screened for growth-inhibitory potential. Out of 28 crude extracts, 15 exhibited strong growth-inhibitory activity. For the Phaeolus sp. collection, liquid-liquid extraction, sizeexclusion chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry (HPLCMS) were used to purify the growth-inhibitory compound of interest. NMR analyses confirmed its identity as hispidin, a known potent anti-cancer compound. Another compound with a mass to charge ratio of 283.2 in hexane extract of Phaeolus sp. was detected by HPLC-MS. This study provides the foundational work for further isolation of small molecule(s) from the three mushroom species and shed light on the profile of Phaeolus sp. as a source of growth-inhibitory compounds.

Evaluation of kinetic parameter and mechanical Properties of biobased Epoxy Adhesives in Wood-based Composites for Automotive Applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440702096190
Author(s):  
A Aniol ◽  
T Grosse ◽  
F Fischer ◽  
S Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Epoxy Adhesive ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Kinetic Behavior ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Automotive Components ◽  
Epoxy Adhesives

The relevance of sustainable structural materials is increasing in automotive components for sustainable construction. The sustainable material wood in particular can be used due to the very good specific mechanical material properties and has a high potential to be used as a structural material in hybrid constructions for the automotive components as an veneer laminate with modified epoxy adhesives. The material properties depend strongly on the interface between the capillary structure of the wood and the epoxy adhesive and also on the curing properties at the manufacturing process. In this study an epoxy adhesive (DGEBA) was copolymerized with lignosulphonate, a biobased waste product from the pulp and paper industry, as a sustainable coupling agent and the kinetic behavior of the macromolecular curing reactions and mechanical properties were characterized for wooden automotive components. The composites were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to investigate the curing kinetics of the biomodified adhesive. Subsequent a laminated veneer lumber was manufactured with beech veneer of 1 mm thickness. The mechanical properties of the composite structure were characterized by tensile tests, bending tests and tensile shear tests. The results show a significant improvement of the manufacturing time due to the kinetic behavior and the mechanical properties for structural components in the automotive industry.

Proper use of rice straw black liquor: lignin/silica derivatives as efficient green antioxidants for SBR rubber

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khlood S. Abdel Zaher ◽  
R.H. Swellem ◽  
Galal A.M. Nawwar ◽  
Fathy M. Abdelrazek ◽  
Salwa H. El-Sabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the efficiency of lignin/silica and calcium lignate/calcium silicate as natural antioxidants in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) vulcanizates. Design/methodology/approach – It has been found that thermal aging data of the aged sample revealed that SBR vulcanizate undergoes crosslink reactions that lead to embrittlement and ultimately failure. Incorporation of lignin/silica or calcium lignate/calcium silicate, however, resulted in significant improvement of the degradation profile of the vulcanizates at 90±1°C. Loss of tensile strength and flexibility during aging of the SBR compounds with 8 phr lignin/silica or calcium lignate/calcium silicate was mild relative to unfilled polymer, indicating a restricted degradation due to the presence of the investigated compounds. The results obtained revealed that the investigated compounds are good antioxidant, and the evaluation was confirmed by physico-mechanical properties of the vulcanizates, FT-IR spectroscopy, transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscope. Findings – It was noticed that SBR vulcanizates having 8 phr of lignin/silica or calcium lignate/calcium silicate exhibited the best mechanical properties in comparison with other concentrations (1, 2, 4, 6 and 10 phr). Also, results revealed that the lignin/silica derivatives are efficient antioxidants in SBR vulcanizates compared to vulcanizates containing conventional antioxidants used in rubber industry, namely polymerized 2,2,4-trimethyl-1, 2-dihydroquinoline (TMQ), and N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-P-phenylenediamine (IPPD). Research limitations/implications – All these results indicated that lignin/silica and calcium lignate/calcium silicate in SBR had good heat resistance and aging resistance, calcium lignate/calcium silicate has an application limitation as not all vulcanizates need to use CaCO3/calcium salts. Practical implications – Lignin is usually seen as a waste product of pulp and paper industry and is often used as fuel for the energy balance of the pulping process. It is simple isolation along with silica from rice straw and using it as an antioxidant added further practical utility for this waste. Originality/value – The importance of lignin/silica derivatives is arisen from their biodegradability and their ease availability from rice straw black liquor.

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