scholarly journals Self-control Puts Character into Action: Examining How Leader Character Strengths and Ethical Leadership Relate to Leader Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 160 (3) ◽  
pp. 765-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Sosik ◽  
Jae Uk Chun ◽  
Ziya Ete ◽  
Fil J. Arenas ◽  
Joel A. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Self Control

scholarly journals Role of Healthy Work Environments in Sustainability of Goal Achievement; Ethical Leadership, Intention to Sabotage, and Psychological Capital in Jordanian Universities

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Mohammad Altahat ◽  
Tarik Atan
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Goal Achievement ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
The North

(1) Background: Long-term competitiveness and sustainability of goal achievement are constantly being sought out by organizations. This study examined the link between ethical leadership, intention to sabotage, and psychological capital in Jordanian universities and how they provide a healthy environment conducive to goal achievement sustainability. The literature indicated gaps in knowledge regarding the correlation between these variables in non-western countries, which this study intends to fill. The study drew from social learning theory and self-control theory. (2) Methods: Data was obtained by collecting survey questionnaires from a sample of 376 employees in different universities in the north of Jordan, and was analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Structural Equation Modeling. (3) Results: A significant and direct negative relationship was found between both ethical leadership and psychological capital on employees’ intention to sabotage. Also, a significant and direct positive effect was found between ethical leadership and psychological capital. Furthermore, it was found that psychological capital mediated the relationship between ethical leadership and employees’ intention to sabotage. (4) Conclusions: Leaders have a critical role in increasing employee psychological capital and decreasing intention to sabotage. Many implications indicated by the study’s findings, both theoretical and practical, were discussed.

scholarly journals Spiritual Intelligence in Relation to Character Strengths and Coping Strategies among Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meena Sehga ◽  
Mitika Kanwar
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
And Coping

In the present study, Spiritual Intelligence and its correlates were examined among adolescents in order to gain insight into the profile of spiritually intelligent adolescents. Since spirituality can be a protective factor at the tender age of adolescence, a need was felt to envisage the present study. For this purpose, 75 young adults were administered Spiritual Intelligence Self report Inventory (King, 2008), Coping Strategies Inventory (Tobin et al.,1989) and Brief Strengths Test (Peterson & Seligman, 2004). Intercorrelation analysis of all the variables and multiple regression analysis of character strengths on spiritual intelligence yielded some significant positive results. Engagement coping strategy shared a significant positive association with Spiritual Intelligence (p<.01). Among character strengths, Spirituality, Gratitude, Self control, Love, Bravery (p<.01), Appreciation of beauty, Optimism, Leadership, Forgiveness, Social intelligence, Kindness, Love of learning, Curiosity, and Critical thinking (p<.05) emerged as significant contributors of Spiritual Intelligence. Only Humor shared a negative association with S.I. Therefore, the findings of this study can be used to foster programmes on spiritual intelligence and its development by incorporating exercises for strength building and engagement coping mechanisms.

The key role of spirituality in positive psychiatry and psychology

2021 ◽  
pp. 361-382
Author(s):  
Simone Hauck ◽  
C. Robert Cloninger
Keyword(s):  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Creative Processes ◽  
Complex Adaptive

The field of positive psychology and psychiatry has the goal of helping people to achieve greater happiness, fostering the factors that allow individuals, communities, and societies to thrive. It proposes a hierarchy of positive psychological character strengths, composed of 24 specific human qualities, including spirituality. Spiritually oriented well-being therapies are a promising and much-needed field. The bio-psycho-social model, developed by Cloninger and colleagues, is an empirically based model that considers the importance of spirituality in the human constitution and development, providing a systematic way to promote health as an integrated state, rather than merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Personality development depends on the creative process of integration through three complex adaptive systems of learning and memory, involving associative conditioning of habits, intentional self-control, and creative processes of self-awareness. The physical, mental, and spiritual aspects are interdependent, and must be addressed jointly aiming at a healthy, happy, and good life.

Examining How Leader Character Strengths And Ethical Leadership Relate To Leader Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 10213 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Sosik ◽  
Jae Uk Chun ◽  
Ziya Ete ◽  
Fil J. Arenas ◽  
Joel Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Character Strengths

scholarly journals Measuring Character Strengths as Possible Protective Factors against Suicidal Ideation in Older Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinfeng Cheng ◽  
He Bu ◽  
Wenjie Duan ◽  
Along He ◽  
Yaping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Suicide is a global issue among the elderly. The number of older people committing suicide is proliferating, and the elderly suicide rate is the highest among all age groups in China. The possible protective factors against suicidal ideation should be investigated for prevention and intervention efforts. The objectives of the present study are as follows: (1) to examine the psychometric properties of the three-dimensional inventory of character strengths (TICS) with a sample of older adults; (2) to investigate correlations among suicide ideation, wellbeing, and character strengths; and (3) to explore the possible protective roles of the three character strengths and wellbeing in explaining suicidal ideation among older adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising 308 older adults aged at least 50 years old from nursing homes was conducted. Four questionnaires, namely, the TICS, the Geriatric Suicide Ideation Scale—10 items, the Brief Inventory of Thriving, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale, were used. Exploratory structural equation modeling, intraclass correlation coefficients, partial correlations, and sets of hierarchical regressions were adopted to estimate and report the results. Results: TICS could be used to assess the character strengths (i.e., caring, inquisitiveness, and self-control) among older adults with an acceptable goodness-of-fit (chi square = 157.30, df = 63, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.90, RMSEA = 0.07, 90% CI = [0.06, 0.08]). Wellbeing (life satisfaction: B = −0.14, t = −2.55, p = 0.01; thriving: B = −0.52, t = −9.64, p < 0.001) and character strengths (caring: B = −0.45, t = −11.84, p < 0.001; inquisitiveness: B = −0.33, t = −7.89, p < 0.001; self-control: B = −0.45, t = − 10.83, p < 0.001) have exhibited a significant association with suicidal ideation among older adults. Moreover, character strengths have shown an independently cross-sectional relationship with suicidal ideation, explaining 65.2% of the variance of suicidal ideation after controlling for the wellbeing and demographics. Conclusion: This study indicated that character strengths were associated with low levels of suicidal ideation. Therefore, the protective factors against suicidal ideation among older adults should be given additional attention.

scholarly journals Inclusion of Marginalized Boys: A Survey of a Summer School Using Positive Psychology Interventions

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans Ørsted Andersen ◽  
Poul Nissen ◽  
Line Poulsen
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Summer School ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Western World ◽  
Academic Education ◽  
New School ◽  
Long Time

<p>Marginalized boys at risk of dropping out of high school have for a long time been a problem in the Western world. 100 such Danish 14-16 year old boys were in the summers of 2013, 2014 and 2015 exposed to a new school program, <em>The Boys Academy</em>, inspired by Seligman and the American KIPP schools suggesting seven character strengths to be put into action along with academic education: <em>self-control</em>, <em>commitment</em>,<em> perseverance</em>,<em> social intelligence</em>,<em> curiosity</em>,<em> gratitude</em>, and<em> optimism</em>.<em> </em>During these three-week summer school periods a study has been conducted by the authors, looking closer at the effects of the program. Academic performance, well-being, motivation and personal development within the seven character strengths were measured. Data consists of interviews, learning scales and different test scores. The results of the study show that all the boys improved substantially in reading, spelling, math, well-being and school motivation during the three week summer school.</p>

scholarly journals The influence of resilience and expressive flexibility on character strengths and virtues on military leadership in U.S. Military cadets

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Georgoulas-Sherry ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Military Leadership ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Military Leader ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Character strengths and virtues are greatly revered in military leadership. However, there is no empirical work assessing the relationship of resilience and expressive flexibility, two essential psychological constructs crucial in nurturing mentally healthy individuals, also for successful officer development and military leadership. Methods: Employing a cross-sectional design, this study recruited 107 participants (ages 18 to 22) from a private U.S. Military university. McGrath, Rashid, Park, and Peterson’s and Peterson and Seligman’s taxonomies of character strengths and virtues were measured. Self-reported resilience and expressive flexibility were additionally assessed. Results: Results revealed McGrath et al.’s virtue of self-control and Peterson and Seligman’s virtues of temperance, wisdom and knowledge, and humanity as the top ranked virtues for an effective military leader. In terms of character strengths, judgment ranked the highest, with perspective and fairness, second and third. Additional results showed a model suggesting that resilience and expressive flexibility explained 45.9% of variance suggesting that resilience and expressive flexibility significantly (p < .001) predicted leadership. Regression models that included honesty, social intelligence, and hope also offered significant predictive outcomes on leadership (p < .001). Furthermore, results revealed that expressive flexibility predicted the character strengths of creativity (p = .001), bravery (p = .045), love (p = .044), hope (p = .016), teamwork (p = .013), appreciation of beauty (p = .016), curiosity (p = .044), prudence (p = .034), love of learning (p = .020), zest (p = .017), humor (p = .018), and perspective (p = .003). Conclusions: Understanding the relationships amongst these constructs will help in better cultivating protective mechanisms that safeguard from adversity, in encouraging wellness and health, and in supporting healthy human performance and development.

Kontrolliertes Trinken bei Alkoholkonsumstörungen: Eine systematische Übersicht

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Körkel
Keyword(s):  
Self Control ◽  
Systematische Übersicht

Hintergrund: Verhaltenstherapeutische Behandlungen zum selbstkontrollierten Trinken (KT) wurden in den letzten 50 Jahren vielfältig erforscht. Eine aktuelle Übersicht über den gegenwärtigen Status dieses Ansatzes liegt nicht vor. Fragestellung: Es wird ein systematischer Überblick über die Konzept- und Forschungsgeschichte des KT (Definition, theoretische Wurzeln, Behandlungsmethoden), Wirksamkeit von KT-Behandlung (inkl. Prognosefaktoren) sowie Implementierung von KT in das Behandlungssystem (Akzeptanz und Verbreitung) vorgenommen. Methodik: Gemäß den PRISMA Richtlinien wurde in den Datenbanken PsycINFO, Medline und Psyndex nach psychologischen Behandlungen zum selbstkontrollierten Alkoholkonsum bei Menschen mit klinisch relevanten Alkoholproblemen recherchiert und 676 einschlägige Beiträge identifiziert. Ergebnisse: KT wird als regelgeleitet-planvoller Alkoholkonsum definiert. Seine theoretischen Wurzeln reichen von Lerntheorien bis zur Psychologie der Selbstregulation. In der Behandlung haben Behavioral Self-Control Trainings frühere Methoden (z. B. aversive Konditionierung, Kontingenzmanagement und Reizexposition) abgelöst. Einzel und Gruppenbehandlungen sowie Selbsthilfemanuale zum KT erweisen sich über das gesamte Spektrum des problematischen Alkoholkonsums als kurz- und langfristig wirksam zur Reduktion des Alkoholkonsums und alkoholassoziierter Probleme wie auch zur Förderung des Übergangs zur Abstinenz. Prognostisch bedeutsam sind v. a. der Zielentscheid des Patienten pro KT und seine Zuversicht in die Realisierbarkeit von KT. Akzeptanz und Verbreitung von KT haben in den letzten Jahrzehnten zugenommen und variieren u. a. länderspezifisch. Schlussfolgerungen: Angesichts der Wirksamkeit von KT-Behandlungen sowie gesundheitspolitischer, ethischer, therapeutischer und ökonomischer Überlegungen sollten Reduktionsbehandlungen gleichrangig neben Abstinenzbehandlungen in ein zieloffen ausgerichtetes Behandlungssystem integriert werden.

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