scholarly journals Implications of prognosis-associated genes in pancreatic tumor metastasis: lessons from global studies in bioinformatics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia G. Kisling ◽  
Gopalakrishnan Natarajan ◽  
Ramesh Pothuraju ◽  
Ashu Shah ◽  
Surinder K. Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Tumor Metastasis ◽  
Pancreatic Tumor ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Global Studies ◽  
Computational Approaches ◽  
Metastatic Cascade ◽  
New Treatment

AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a 5-year survival rate of 10%. The occurrence of metastasis, among other hallmarks, is the main contributor to its poor prognosis. Consequently, the elucidation of metastatic genes involved in the aggressive nature of the disease and its poor prognosis will result in the development of new treatment modalities for improved management of PC. There is a deep interest in understanding underlying disease pathology, identifying key prognostic genes, and genes associated with metastasis. Computational approaches, which have become increasingly relevant over the last decade, are commonly used to explore such interests. This review aims to address global studies that have employed global approaches to identify prognostic and metastatic genes, while highlighting their methods and limitations. A panel of 48 prognostic genes were identified across these studies, but only five, including ANLN, ARNTL2, PLAU, TOP2A, and VCAN, were validated in multiple studies and associated with metastasis. Their association with metastasis has been further explored here, and the implications of these genes in the metastatic cascade have been interpreted.

scholarly journals Recent advances in the management of liposarcoma

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadar A. Nassif ◽  
William Tseng ◽  
Camille Borges ◽  
Peter Chen ◽  
Burton Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Recurrent Tumor ◽  
Molecular Abnormalities ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Locally Recurrent ◽  
New Treatment

Liposarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma. With its various subtypes, the natural history of this disease can vary significantly from a locally recurrent tumor to a highly malignant one carrying a poor prognosis. Progress in the understanding of the specific molecular abnormalities in liposarcoma provides greater opportunity for new treatment modalities. Although surgical resection and radiation therapy remain the keystones for the management of primary liposarcoma, the inclusion of novel agents that target known abnormalities in advanced liposarcoma enhances the potential for improved outcomes.

The clinical significance of KRAS monitoring in tumor tissues and blood of patients with pancreatic tumor.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 334-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiaki Watanabe ◽  
Koichi Suzuki ◽  
Kosuke Ichida ◽  
Yuji Takayama ◽  
Taro Fukui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Kras Mutation ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Pancreatic Tumor ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Kras Status

334 Background: Monitoring of gene alterations in blood to track circulating tumor DNAs has been attempted for a clinical application. For example, KRAS monitoring in colorectal cancer provides a valuable biomarker for diagnosis and prediction of treatment outcome. While half of of colon cancer has RAS mutation, 90% of pancreatic cancer shows KRAS mutation, suggesting that most of pancreatic cancer is a good candidate for KRAS monitoring. In this study, we elucidated the clinical significance of KRASmonitoring in patients with pancreatic tumor during treatments. Methods: KRAS mutation in tumor tissues was determined by Scorpion ARMS or RASKET methods in 39 patients with pancreatic tumors. KRASmutation in blood (G12D, G12V, G12C, G12A, G12S, G12R, G13D, Q61L, Q61H) were investigated by using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) in 24 patients treated with chemotherapy. Results: KRAS assessment in tumor tissues showed 33 patients with mutation and 6 patients without mutation. Thirty-three patients with mutation showed significantly poor prognosis of 49% in three years overall survival (OS) as compared with 100% in 6 patients with mutation (p=0.02). KRAS assessment in blood revealed that KRAS mutation was detected in 14 patients, but no detection was seen in 10 patients. Patients harboring KRAS mutation in blood exhibited significantly poor treatment outcome, including 12 patients with progressive disease, as compared with 10 patients without detection of mutation, including 6 patients with any treatment responses (stable disease in 4 patients and partial response in 2 patients, p=0.03). Fourteen patients with mutation in blood displayed poor prognosis of 20% in three years overall survival (OS), comparing to 69% in 10 patients without mutation in blood (p=0.06). Conclusions: KRAS status in tumor tissues was involved in prognosis; in addition, KRAS status in blood was implicated in treatment response of chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic tumor. KRAS monitoring in tumor tissues and blood provides useful information for the treatment strategy including chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic tumor.

scholarly journals Multimodal Treatment in Glioblastomas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ercan Çetin ◽  
Serdar Kabataş
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Multimodal Treatment ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Tumor Vaccines ◽  
Tumor Treating Fields ◽  
The Poor ◽  
New Treatment

Glioblastomas are the most common primary brain tumors. Despite aggressive resection, radiotherapy and concomitant chemotheraphy overall survival is 14-16 months, and 5 year survivial rate is only 2%. The poor prognosis required development of new treatment modalities. Tumor Treating Fields, molecularly targetted drugs, antiangiogenic molecules, immune checkpoint inhibitors, tumor vaccines, Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T cell, viral theraphy and oncolytic viruse and mesenchymal stem cell vectors are some of the modalities that are currently being developed.

scholarly journals Unusual Presentation of Bilateral Radiation-Induced Angiosarcoma of the Breast

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Umesh Jayarajah ◽  
Kavinda Nagodavithane ◽  
Oshan Basnayake ◽  
Sanjeewa Seneviratne
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Breast Conservation ◽  
Breast Conservation Surgery ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Conservation Surgery ◽  
Angiosarcoma Of The Breast ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Recurrent Breast

Radiation-induced sarcoma of the breast is an iatrogenic malignancy that occurs secondary to radiotherapy, which is most commonly given following breast conservation surgery. It has an incidence of 3.2 per 1,000 patients at 15 years and is associated with a poor prognosis. We report a 62-year-old female with a history of bilateral breast conservation surgery and radiotherapy 5 years ago presenting with bilateral angiosarcoma. This case report highlights the importance of considering radiation-induced angiosarcoma of the breast as a differential diagnosis in a patient with recurrent breast neoplasms. The challenges in the management with recent evidence on new treatment modalities are discussed.

scholarly journals Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters Are Cloaked with Platelets and Correlate with Poor Prognosis in Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5272
Author(s):  
Minji Lim ◽  
Suhyun Park ◽  
Hyoung-Oh Jeong ◽  
Sung Hee Park ◽  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Tumor Metastasis ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cell ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Rapid Disease Progression ◽  
Single Ctcs

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are known to be heterogeneous and clustered with tumor-associated cells, such as macrophages, neutrophils, fibroblasts, and platelets. However, their molecular profile and clinical significance remain largely unknown. Thus, we aimed to perform a comprehensive gene expression analysis of single CTCs and CTC clusters in patients with pancreatic cancer and to identify their potential clinical relevance to provide personalized medicine. Epitope-independent, rapid (>3 mL of whole blood/min) isolation of single CTCs and CTC clusters was achieved from a prospective cohort of 16 patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer using a centrifugal microfluidic device. Forty-eight mRNA expressions of individual CTCs and CTC clusters were analyzed to identify pancreatic CTC phenotype. CTC clusters had a larger proportion of mesenchymal expression than single CTCs (p = 0.0004). The presence of CTC clusters positively correlated with poor prognosis (progression-free survival, p = 0.0159; overall survival, p = 0.0186). Furthermore, we found that most CTCs in these patients (90.7%) were cloaked with platelets and found the presence of a positive correlation between the increase in CTC clusters and rapid disease progression during follow-ups. Efficient CTC cluster isolation and analysis techniques will enhance the understanding of complex tumor metastasis processes and can facilitate personalized disease management.

Opportunities and challenges in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dujuan Cao ◽  
Qianqian Song ◽  
Junqi Li ◽  
Yuanyuan Jiang ◽  
Zhimin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
First Line ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Treatment

Abstract Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumours with a poor prognosis. In recent years, the incidence of pancreatic cancer is on the rise. Traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy for pancreatic cancer have been improved, first-line and second-line palliative treatments have been developed, and adjuvant treatments have also been used in clinical. However, the 5-year survival rate is still less than 10% and new treatment methods such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy need to be investigated. In the past decades, many clinical trials of targeted therapies and immunotherapies for pancreatic cancer were launched and some of them showed an ideal prospect in a subgroup of pancreatic cancer patients. The experience of both success and failure of these clinical trials will be helpful to improve these therapies in the future. Therefore, the current research progress and challenges of selected targeted therapies and immunotherapies for pancreatic cancer are reviewed.

Management of thoracic aortic lesions - the future is endovascular

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidenhagen ◽  
Bombien ◽  
Meimarakis ◽  
Geisler ◽  
A. Koeppel
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Traumatic Rupture ◽  
Descending Thoracic Aorta ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Aneurysm Dissection

Open surgical repair of lesions of the descending thoracic aorta, such as aneurysm, dissection and traumatic rupture, has been the “state-of-the-art” treatment for many decades. However, in specialized cardiovascular centers, thoracic endovascular aortic repair and hybrid aortic procedures have been implemented as novel treatment options. The current clinical results show that these procedures can be performed with low morbidity and mortality rates. However, due to a lack of randomized trials, the level of reliability of these new treatment modalities remains a matter of discussion. Clinical decision-making is generally based on the experience of the vascular center as well as on individual factors, such as life expectancy, comorbidity, aneurysm aetiology, aortic diameter and morphology. This article will review and discuss recent publications of open surgical, hybrid thoracic aortic (in case of aortic arch involvement) and endovascular repair in complex pathologies of the descending thoracic aorta.

PET/CT IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PANCREATIC CANCER: LITERATURE REVIEW

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
P. E. Tulin ◽  
M. B. Dolgushin ◽  
D. I. Nevzorov ◽  
P. V. Kochergin ◽  
Yu. I. Patyutko
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Pancreatic Neoplasms ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Modern Imaging ◽  
Pet Ct

Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis, often because most pancreatic neoplasms are found to be unresectable at diagnosis. Early staging of the tumor process can change the tactics of treatment and affect the survival of patients. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of pancreatic cancer and the role of modern imaging in its diagnosis with an emphasis on PET/CT with a various radiopharmaceuticals.

Systematic literature review of clinical outcomes in adults with metastatic or advanced synovial sarcoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (35) ◽  
pp. 2997-3013
Author(s):  
Kentaro Kogushi ◽  
Michael LoPresti ◽  
Shunya Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Sarcoma ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Background: Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare, aggressive soft tissue sarcoma with a poor prognosis after metastasis. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the clinical evidence for therapeutic options for adults with metastatic or advanced SS. Materials & methods: Relevant databases were searched with predefined keywords. Results: Thirty-nine publications reported clinical data for systemic treatment and other interventions. Data on survival outcomes varied but were generally poor (progression-free survival: 1.0–7.7 months; overall survival: 6.7–29.2 months) for adults with metastatic and advanced SS. A high frequency of neutropenia with systemic treatment and low quality of life post-progression were reported. Conclusion: Reported evidence suggests poor outcomes in adults with metastatic and advanced SS and the need for the development of new treatment modalities.

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