Relational Satisfaction from Providing and Receiving Support is Associated with Reduced Post-Disaster Depression: Data From Within One Year of the 2011 Japan Triple Disaster

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Jon Lebowitz
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reo Kimura ◽  
◽  
Haruo Hayashi ◽  
Kosuke Kobayashi ◽  
Takahiro Nishino ◽  
...  

In this project, a “Disaster Management Literacy Hub” (DMLH) has been developed for collecting, creating, and transmitting various disaster management content over the Internet. The first screen of the DMLH lists disaster management content on tiles to allow users easily find relevant disaster management content using a keyword retrieval function. A user who registers an account can post disaster management content, create a first screen that is customized using the “favorite function,” and compile different disaster management content using the “binder function.” In addition to the “relay (hub) function” for disaster management content, a “creation function” was also implemented, such as the “message function” for posting short messages of approximately 200 letters and an image, and the “quiz creation function” for measuring the effects of disaster management literacy. In the course of modifying the prototype Disaster Management Literacy Hub, the system was evaluated by university student users in July 2016, approximately one year after the fully-fledged operation came into effect in August 2015. The results yielded the following findings: 1) the DMLH is meaningful because by using specific keywords, users retrieved items that had been difficult to find by means of general Internet search sites; 2) statistically significant improvement was shown for 15 disaster management literacy items in the evaluation; the DMLH leads to a proposal to create effective disaster management literacy improvement because students recognized three disaster management literacy categories: cases of disasters and disaster management, responses of familiar agents such as themselves and people to one, and responses of agents in the environment, including local communities and governments.


Author(s):  
Nazrina Zuryani

AbstractPelestarian warisan or heritage protection for bamboo houses with earthquake resistant needs to be encouraged at a post-disaster resilient movement in West Nusa Tenggara and other tourist islands in eastern Indonesia. The ability to be optimistic, empathy with self-efficacy accompanied by emotion regulation after the earthquake became the main aspect of the resilience of the population in the tourist area to start building bamboo houses as commercial lodging. "Kundun House" is an example of bamboo lodging on the island of Gili Trawangan, which was built in 2017 one year before the Lombok earthquake that occurred on August 5, 2018 which left the island of Gili Trawangan vacated. The psychological resilience of Kundun homeowner as well as the “Batu Bambu Inn” owner to face the earthquake as well as the solid establishment of their lodgings, the two-story lodging building made of bamboo is still intact without damage after the calamity last August. This paper refers to the theory of global village (McLuhan, 1962 and 1994), a concept that encourages people to interact intensely and live in a global space. At the theoretical level, global village terminology often intertwines with "disaster resilience" that reveals livelihoods after the earthquake in Lombok to the surrounding islands including Gili Trawangan which results in damage to school buildings, housing, roads and market infrastructure and also leaves trauma for residents and island tourism entrepreneurs (Gili Trawangan is only 15 square kilometres wide) as well as the island of Lombok. The trauma experienced by the residents of Gili Trawangan shows the need for a sturdy bamboo house model and can be used as a modeling for commercial lodging houses. The potential for more development of earthquake-resistant bamboo houses prototypes of Kundun house are now offered to be developed in the island of Sumba which on the 31st of January 2019 was also rocked by an earthquake. The movement of the bamboo lodging houses in tourist areas should be a reconstruction of the mass bamboo planting ecology as part of the protection of Indonesia's cultural heritage which is famous for its traditional houses that have been tested for earthquake resistance.   Heritage protection (pelestarian warisan) rumah bambu tahan gempa bumi perlu digalakkan sebagai gerakan resilien pasca bencana di Nusa Tenggara Barat dan pulau wisata lain di timur Indonesia. Kemampuan untuk optimis, empati dengan efikasi diri yang disertai dengan regulasi emosi pasca gempa menjadi aspek utama daya lentur penduduk kawasan wisata untuk mulai membangun rumah bambu sebagai penginapan komersial. “Rumah Kundun” menjadi contoh penginapan dari bambu di pulau Gili Trawangan yang dibangun tahun 2017 satu tahun sebelum gempa Lombok yang terjadi tanggal 5 Agustus 2018 yang menyebabkan pulau Gili Trawangan dikosongkan. Kekuatan psikologis resilien pemilik rumah Kundun dan juga penginapan “Batu Bambu” menghadapi gempa serta kokoh berdirinya penginapan mereka yang bangunan penginapannya berlantai dua terbuat dari bambu masih utuh tanpa kerusakan pasca gempa bumi susulan setelah Agustus lalu. Tulisan ini merujuk teori global village (McLuhan, 1962 dan 1994), konsep yang mendorong masyarakat untuk berinteraksi secara intens dan tinggal dalam sebuah ruang global. Pada tataran teoretik, terminologi global village acap berkelindan dengan “resiliensi kebencanaan” yang mengungkap livelihood pasca kejadian gempaLombok hingga ke pulau sekitarnya termasuk Gili Trawangan yang berakibat kerusakan bangunan sekolah, perumahan, jalan dan infrastruktur pasar dan menyisakan trauma bagi penduduk dan pelaku usaha wisata (Gili Trawangan hanya seluas 15 kilometer persegi) dan pulau Lombok. Trauma yang dialami penduduk Gili Trawangan ini memperlihatkan perlunya model rumah bambu yang kokoh dan dapat menjadi percontohan sebagai rumah penginapan komersial. Potensi pengembangan rumah bambu tahan gempa prototipe dari rumah Kundun kini ditawarkan untuk dikembangkan di pulau Sumba yang pada tanggal 31 Januari 2019 lalu juga diguncang gempa bumi. Gerakan resiliansi rumah penginapan bambu di kawasan wisata hendaknya menjadi rekonstruksi ekologi penanaman massif bambu sebagai bagian dari proteksi warisan budaya Indonesia yang terkenal dengan rumah adatnya yang telah teruji tahan gempa.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Panthagani ◽  
Kristi L. Hoffman ◽  
Abiodun Oluyomi ◽  
Jesus Sotelo ◽  
Christopher Stewart ◽  
...  

AbstractHurricane Harvey caused record-breaking, catastrophic flooding across the city of Houston. After floodwaters receded, several health concerns arose, including the potential adverse impact of exposure to mold in flooded homes. We rapidly launched the Houston Hurricane Harvey Health Study to evaluate if microbiome sampling in the wake of a disaster could inform flood-associated environmental exposures and adverse health outcomes. We enrolled a total of 347 subjects at 1-month and 12-months post-Harvey, collecting human (stool, nasal, saliva) and environmental (house swab) samples to profile the bacterial and fungal microbiota. Here we show reported exposure to mold was associated with increased risk of allergic symptoms for up to one year post-disaster, and that butyrate-producing bacteria in the gut were linked to protection from allergic symptoms in mold-exposed individuals. Together, these data provide new insights into how microbiome:environment interactions may influence health in the setting of a flood-related disaster.


2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Jordyna Austine Xaviera Susanto ◽  
Wiwik Sushartami

This research has two objectives. First, it aims to determine the perspective of the local community towards the commodification of disaster tourism in Kinahrejo, one year following the 2010 eruption of Mount Merapi. Second, it aims to identify the implication of the local community’s involvement in the new tourism activities. Referring to the indicators of residents’ perceptions of involvement in post-disaster tourism development (Wright, 2014), semi-structured interviews of seven informants were conducted and several more casual conversations were held with a larger group. Two types of responses from the local community were indicated based on the respondents’ varying involvement in tourism activities. On one hand, members of the local community who benefit from employment in tourism activities have positive perspectives towards the commodification of disaster tourism in Kinahrejo. On the other hand, those who do not participate in tourism activities regard it negatively as it is not beneficial to them. Another important finding shows that the variation in involvement in the new tourism activities has caused a split in the community into two groups, namely wong ndhuwur and wong ngisor.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geneviève Belleville ◽  
Marie-Christine Ouellet ◽  
Jessica Lebel ◽  
Sunita Ghosh ◽  
Charles M. Morin ◽  
...  

Background: The 2016 wildfires in Fort McMurray (Alberta, Canada) led to a massive displacement of 88,000 people and destroyed 2,400 homes. Although no direct human fatality resulted, many individuals feared for their lives or those of their loved ones.Objectives: (1) To estimate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress, major depressive, insomnia, generalized anxiety, and substance use disorders in the adult population of Fort McMurray 1 year after the evacuation; (2) To identify pre-, peri-, and post-disaster correlates of mental health disorders.Methods: A phone survey using random digit sampling was used to survey evacuees. A total of 1,510 evacuees (response rate = 40.2%, 55.5% women, mean age = 44.11, SD = 12.69) were interviewed between May 9th and July 28th, 2017. Five validated scales were administered: the PTSD Symptoms Checklist (PCL-5), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the depression and anxiety subscales of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9, GAD-7), and the CAGE Substance Abuse Screening Tool.Results: One year after the wildfires, 38% had a probable diagnosis of either post-traumatic stress, major depressive, insomnia, generalized anxiety, or substance use disorder, or a combination of these. Insomnia disorder was the most common, with an estimated prevalence of 28.5%. Post-traumatic stress, major depressive and generalized anxiety disorders were almost equally prevalent, with ~15% each. The estimated prevalence of substance use disorder was 7.9%. For all five mental health disorders, having a mental health condition prior to the fires was a significant risk factor, as well as having experienced financial stress or strain due to the economic decline already present in Fort McMurray. Five post-disaster consequences were significant predictors of four of the five disorders: decrease in work, decrease in social life, poorer current health status, increase in drug and alcohol use, and higher level of stress experienced since the fires.Conclusion: One year after the fires, more than one third of the evacuees had clinically significant psychological symptoms, including those of insomnia, post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and substance use. This study helped identify individuals more at risk for mental health issues after a natural disaster and could guide post-disaster psychosocial support strategies.


Itinerario ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Leroy Oberg

In August of 1587 Manteo, an Indian from Croatoan Island, joined a group of English settlers in an attack on the native village of Dasemunkepeuc, located on the coast of present-day North Carolina. These colonists, amongst whom Manteo lived, had landed on Roanoke Island less than a month before, dumped there by a pilot more interested in hunting Spanish prize ships than in carrying colonists to their intended place of settlement along the Chesapeake Bay. The colonists had hoped to re-establish peaceful relations with area natives, and for that reason they relied upon Manteo to act as an interpreter, broker, and intercultural diplomat. The legacy of Anglo-Indian bitterness remaining from Ralph Lane's military settlement, however, which had hastily abandoned the island one year before, was too great for Manteo to overcome. The settlers found themselves that summer in the midst of hostile Indians.


Author(s):  
Hans Ris

The High Voltage Electron Microscope Laboratory at the University of Wisconsin has been in operation a little over one year. I would like to give a progress report about our experience with this new technique. The achievement of good resolution with thick specimens has been mainly exploited so far. A cold stage which will allow us to look at frozen specimens and a hydration stage are now being installed in our microscope. This will soon make it possible to study undehydrated specimens, a particularly exciting application of the high voltage microscope.Some of the problems studied at the Madison facility are: Structure of kinetoplast and flagella in trypanosomes (J. Paulin, U. of Georgia); growth cones of nerve fibers (R. Hannah, U. of Georgia Medical School); spiny dendrites in cerebellum of mouse (Scott and Guillery, Anatomy, U. of Wis.); spindle of baker's yeast (Joan Peterson, Madison) spindle of Haemanthus (A. Bajer, U. of Oregon, Eugene) chromosome structure (Hans Ris, U. of Wisconsin, Madison). Dr. Paulin and Dr. Hanna are reporting their work separately at this meeting and I shall therefore not discuss it here.


Author(s):  
K.E. Krizan ◽  
J.E. Laffoon ◽  
M.J. Buckley

With increase use of tissue-integrated prostheses in recent years it is a goal to understand what is happening at the interface between haversion bone and bulk metal. This study uses electron microscopy (EM) techniques to establish parameters for osseointegration (structure and function between bone and nonload-carrying implants) in an animal model. In the past the interface has been evaluated extensively with light microscopy methods. Today researchers are using the EM for ultrastructural studies of the bone tissue and implant responses to an in vivo environment. Under general anesthesia nine adult mongrel dogs received three Brånemark (Nobelpharma) 3.75 × 7 mm titanium implants surgical placed in their left zygomatic arch. After a one year healing period the animals were injected with a routine bone marker (oxytetracycline), euthanized and perfused via aortic cannulation with 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer pH 7.2. Implants were retrieved en bloc, harvest radiographs made (Fig. 1), and routinely embedded in plastic. Tissue and implants were cut into 300 micron thick wafers, longitudinally to the implant with an Isomet saw and diamond wafering blade [Beuhler] until the center of the implant was reached.


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