scholarly journals Transcriptome assembly and expression profiling of the molecular responses to cadmium toxicity in cerebral ganglia of wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata (Araneae: Lycosidae)

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huilin Yang ◽  
Yuande Peng ◽  
Yixue Shi ◽  
Jianxiang Tian ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Transcriptome Assembly ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Nervous Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Pardosa Pseudoannulata ◽  
Cerebral Ganglia

AbstractCadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that can cause irreversible toxicity to animals, and is an environmental pollutant in farmlands. Spiders are considered to be an excellent model for investigating the impacts of heavy metals on the environment. To date, the changes at the molecular level in the cerebral ganglia of spiders are poorly understood. Cd exposure leads to strong damage in the nervous system, such as apoptosis and necrosis of nerve cells, therefore we conducted a transcriptomic analysis of Pardosa pseudoannulata cerebral ganglia under Cd stress to profile differential gene expression (DGE). We obtained a total of 123,328 assembled unigenes, and 1441 Cd stress-associated DEGs between the Cd-treated and control groups. Expression profile analysis demonstrated that many genes involved in calcium signaling, cGMP—PKG signaling, tyrosine metabolism, phototransduction–fly, melanogenesis and isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis were up-regulated under Cd stress, whereas oxidative phosphorylation-related, nervous disease-associated, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-associated, and ribosomal-associated genes were down-regulated. Here, we provide a comprehensive set of DEGs influenced by Cd stress, and heavy metal stress, and provide new information for elucidating the neurotoxic mechanisms of Cd stress in spiders.

scholarly journals Effect of Cadmium Toxicity on Growth, Oxidative Damage, Antioxidant Defense System and Cadmium Accumulation in Two Sorghum Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1575
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jawad Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Ali Raza ◽  
Sana Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Ansar ◽  
Harun Gitari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Semi Arid

Heavy metal stress is a leading environmental issue reducing crop growth and productivity, particularly in arid and semi-arid agro-ecological zones. Cadmium (Cd), a non-redox heavy metal, can indirectly increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inducing cell death. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of Cd (0, 5, 25, 50, 100 µM) on physiological and biochemical parameters in two sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) cultivars: JS-2002 and Chakwal Sorghum. The results showed that various concentrations of Cd significantly increased the Cd uptake in both cultivars; however, the uptake was higher in JS-2002 compared to Chakwal Sorghum in leaf, stem and root. Regardless of the cultivars, there was a higher accumulation of the Cd in roots than in shoots. The Cd stress significantly reduced the growth and increased the electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in both cultivars, but the Chakwal Sorghum showed more pronounced oxidative damage than the JS-2002, as reflected by higher H2O2, MDA and EL. Moreover, Cd stress, particularly 50 µM and 100 µM, decreased the activity of different antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). However, the JS-2002 exhibited higher SOD, POD and CAT activities than the Chakwal Sorghum under different Cd-levels. These findings revealed that JS-2002 had a stronger Cd enrichment capacity and also exhibited a better tolerance to Cd stress due to its efficient antioxidant defense system than Chakwal Sorghum. The present study provides the available information about Cd enrichment and tolerance in S. bicolor, which is used as an important agricultural crop for livestock feed in arid and semi-arid regions.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification of the HMA Gene Family and Expression Analysis under Cd Stress in Barley

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1849
Author(s):  
Chiran Zhang ◽  
Qianhui Yang ◽  
Xiaoqin Zhang ◽  
Xian Zhang ◽  
Tongyuan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Metal Stress ◽  
Cd Stress

In recent years, cadmium (Cd) pollution in soil has increased with increasing industrial activities, which has restricted crop growth and agricultural development. The heavy metal ATPase (HMA) gene family contributes to heavy metal stress resistance in plants. In this study, 21 HMA genes (HvHMAs) were identified in barley (Hordeumvulgare L., Hv) using bioinformatics methods. Based on phylogenetic analysis and domain distribution, barley HMA genes were divided into five groups (A–E), and complete analyses were performed in terms of physicochemical properties, structural characteristics, conserved domains, and chromosome localization. The expression pattern analysis showed that most HvHMA genes were expressed in barley and exhibited tissue specificity. According to the fragments per kilobase of exon per million fragments values in shoots from seedlings at the 10 cm shoot stage (LEA) and phylogenetic analysis, five HvHMA genes were selected for expression analysis under Cd stress. Among the five HvHMA genes, three (HvHMA1, HvHMA3, and HvHMA4) were upregulated and two (HvHMA2 and HvHMA6) were downregulated following Cd treatments. This study serves as a foundation for clarifying the functions of HvHMA proteins in the heavy metal stress resistance of barley.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Profiling Analysis of Wolf Spider Pardosa pseudoannulata (Araneae: Lycosidae) after Cadmium Exposure

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-chun Li ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Guo-yuan Li ◽  
Yueli Yun ◽  
Yu-jun Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Functional Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Cadmium Exposure ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Pardosa Pseudoannulata

Pardosa pseudoannulata is one of the most common wandering spiders in agricultural fields and a potentially good bioindicator for heavy metal contamination. However, little is known about the mechanism by which spiders respond to heavy metals at the molecular level. In this study, high-throughput transcriptome sequencing was employed to characterize the de novo transcriptome of the spiders and to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after cadmium exposure. We obtained 60,489 assembled unigenes, 18,773 of which were annotated in the public databases. Ultimately, 3450 cDNA simple sequence repeats were identified and validated as potential molecular markers in the unigenes. A total of 2939, 2491 and 3759 DEGs were detected among the three libraries of two Cd-treated groups and the control. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that metabolism processes and digestive system function were predominately enriched in response to Cd stress. At the cellular and molecular levels, significantly enriched pathways in lysosomes and phagosomes as well as replication, recombination and repair demonstrated that oxidative damage resulted from Cd exposure. Based on the selected DEGs, certain critical genes involved in defence and detoxification were analysed. These results may elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying spiders' responses to heavy metal stress.

scholarly journals Phosphorylation of a malate transporter promotes malate excretion and reduces cadmium uptake in apple

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 3437-3449
Author(s):  
Qi-Jun Ma ◽  
Mei-Hong Sun ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Da-Gang Hu ◽  
Hui Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽  
Cadmium Uptake ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Malate Transporter

Abstract Heavy metal contamination is a major environmental and human health hazard in many areas of the world. Organic acids sequester heavy metals and protect plant roots from the effects of toxicity; however, it is largely unknown how these acids are regulated in response to heavy metal stress. Here, protein kinase SOS2L1 from apple was functionally characterized. MdSOS2L1 was found to be involved in the regulation of malate excretion, and to inhibit cadmium uptake into roots. Using the DUAL membrane system in a screen of an apple cDNA library with MdSOS2L1 as bait, a malate transporter, MdALMT14, was identified as an interactor. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation, pull-down, and co-immunoprecipitation assays further indicated the interaction of the two proteins. Transgenic analyses showed that MdSOS2L1 is required for cadmium-induced phosphorylation at the Ser358 site of MdALMT14, a modification that enhanced the stability of the MdALMT14 protein. MdSOS2L1 was also shown to enhance cadmium tolerance in an MdALMT14-dependent manner. This study sheds light on the roles of the MdSOS2L1–MdALMT14 complex in physiological responses to cadmium toxicity.

scholarly journals A Framework for Rice Heavy Metal Stress Monitoring Based on Phenological Phase Space and Temporal Profile Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Zou ◽  
Xiangnan Liu ◽  
Mengxue Liu ◽  
Meiling Liu ◽  
Biyao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Phase Space ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Metal Stress ◽  
Stress Monitoring ◽  
Temporal Profile ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Stress Levels

Previous studies make it possible to use remote sensing techniques to monitor heavy metal stress of rice synchronously and continuously. However, most studies mainly focus on the analysis of rice’s visual symptoms and physiological functions rather than temporal information during the growth period, which may reflect significant changes of rice under heavy metal stress. In this paper, an enhanced spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion model was used to generate synthetic Landsat time series. A normalized difference water index and an enhanced vegetation index were employed to build phenological phase space. Then, the ratio of the rice growth rate fluctuation (GRFI Ratio) was constructed for discriminating the different heavy metal stress levels on rice. Results suggested that the trajectories of rice growth in phenological phase space can depict the similarities and differences of rice growth under different heavy metal stress levels. The most common phenological parameters in the phase space cannot accurately discriminate the heavy metal stress level. However, the GRFI Ratio that we proposed outperformed in discriminating different levels of heavy metal stress. This study suggests that this framework of detecting the heavy metal pollution in paddy filed based on phenological phase space and temporal profile analysis is promising.

scholarly journals Nanoparticles mediated cadmium toxicity amelioration in plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmily Chakraborty ◽  
Suparna Pal ◽  
Subhabrata Paul
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Restoration ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cd Uptake

Application of nanoparticles to address various environmental issues; especially heavy metal contaminated soil restoration is of global interest. Indiscriminate usage of phosphate fertilizer and other anthropogenic activities contribute to Cd contamination of soil, resulting in degradation of soil quality and low crop yield. By the virtue of unique physiochemical characteristics, nanoparticles (NPs) are effective enough for heavy metal stress mitigation. This review has focused on Cd uptake, accumulation and toxicity in plants followed by the successful application of different metallic and non metallic NPs for soil Cd decontamination. Positive impact of NPs as plant growth elicitor under Cd stress has been explored here. Various ways of NP application (soil, foliar, hydroponics), uptake, mode of action and effective treatment concentration have been highlighted. We have collected handful information regarding the use of NPs as nanofertilizer and nanopesticides. The negative effects of NPs have not been considered here. More in depth study to be conducted for better illumination on plant - NPs interaction, mobilization mechanism and biological activities. Though this review summarizes few facts among various aspect of NP but can be counted as a supportive documentation for the better use of NPs in environmental protection in future.

A brief Survey of Assessment models to Predict stress Level of Heavy Metals in Soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Annam ◽  
Anshu Singla
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Human Life ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress

Abstract: Soil is a major and important natural resource, which not only supports human life but also furnish commodities for ecological and economic growth. Ecological risk has posed a serious threat to the ecosystem by the degradation of soil. The high-stress level of heavy metals like chromium, copper, cadmium, etc. produce ecological risks which include: decrease in the fertility of the soil; reduction in crop yield & degradation of metabolism of living beings, and hence ecological health. The ecological risk associated, demands the assessment of heavy metal stress levels in soils. As the rate of stress level of heavy metals is exponentially increasing in recent times, it is apparent to assess or predict heavy metal contamination in soil. The assessment will help the concerned authorities to take corrective as well as preventive measures to enhance the ecological and hence economic growth. This study reviews the efficient assessment models to predict soil heavy metal contamination.

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