scholarly journals Physical activity and the risk of heart failure: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagfinn Aune ◽  
Sabrina Schlesinger ◽  
Michael F. Leitzmann ◽  
Serena Tonstad ◽  
Teresa Norat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Physical Activity ◽  
Occupational Activity ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Leisure Time Activity

AbstractAlthough physical activity is an established protective factor for cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart disease and stroke, less is known with regard to the association between specific domains of physical activity and heart failure, as well as the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and heart failure. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies to clarify the relations of total physical activity, domains of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness to risk of heart failure. PubMed and Embase databases were searched up to January 14th, 2020. Summary relative risks (RRs) were calculated using random effects models. Twenty-nine prospective studies (36 publications) were included in the review. The summary RRs for high versus low levels were 0.77 (95% CI 0.70–0.85, I2 = 49%, n = 7) for total physical activity, 0.74 (95% CI 0.68–0.81, I2 = 88.1%, n = 16) for leisure-time activity, 0.66 (95% CI 0.59–0.74, I2 = 0%, n = 2) for vigorous activity, 0.81 (95% CI 0.69–0.94, I2 = 86%, n = 3) for walking and bicycling combined, 0.90 (95% CI 0.86–0.95, I2 = 0%, n = 3) for occupational activity, and 0.31 (95% CI 0.19–0.49, I2 = 96%, n = 6) for cardiorespiratory fitness. In dose–response analyses, the summary RRs were 0.89 (95% CI 0.83–0.95, I2 = 67%, n = 4) per 20 MET-hours per day of total activity and 0.71 (95% CI 0.65–0.78, I2 = 85%, n = 11) per 20 MET-hours per week of leisure-time activity. Nonlinear associations were observed in both analyses with a flattening of the dose–response curve at 15–20 MET-hours/week for leisure-time activity. These findings suggest that high levels of total physical activity, leisure-time activity, vigorous activity, occupational activity, walking and bicycling combined and cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with reduced risk of developing heart failure.

scholarly journals Educational differentials in domain specific physical activity by ethnicity, age, and gender: findings from over 44,000 participants in The UK Household Longitudinal Study (2013-2015)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meg E Fluharty ◽  
Snehal M Pinto Perira ◽  
Michaela Benzeval ◽  
Mark Hamer ◽  
Barbara Jefferis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Active Travel ◽  
Occupational Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Leisure Time Activity ◽  
The Uk

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of overall physical inactivity remains high, particularly amongst socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. It is unclear however if such inequalities vary systematically by age, sex, or ethnicity, and if there are differing effects across physical activity (PA) domains.MethodsWe used data from a nationally representative survey of the UK, Understanding Society, with information on educational attainment (our indicator of socioeconomic position), PA and demographics collected in 2013-2015 (N= 44,903). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to test associations of education with three different PA domains (active travel, occupational and leisure time). To examine modification of the associations between education and physical activity in each domain by sex, age and ethnicity, we tested two-way interaction terms (education x ethnicity; education x sex; education x age).ResultsLower educational attainment was associated with higher active transportation and occupational physical activity, but lower weekly leisure-time activity. These associations were modified by sex, ethnicity, and age. For example, education-related differences in active travel were larger for females (difference in predicted probability of activity between highest and lowest educational groups: −10% in females, (95% CI: −11.9, 7.9) −3% in males (−4.8, −0.4). The education-related differences in occupational activity were larger among males −35% (−36.9, −32.4) than females −17% (−19.4, −15.0). Finally, education related differences in moderate to vigorous leisure time activity varied most substantially by ethnicity; for example, differences were 17% (16.2, 18.7) for White individuals compared with 6% (0.6, 11.6) for Black individuals.ConclusionsEducational differences in PA vary by domain, and are modified by age, sex, and ethnicity. A better understanding of physically inactive sub-groups may aid development of tailored interventions to increase activity levels and reduce health inequalities.

Dose–Response Relationship of Total and Leisure Time Physical Activity to Risk of Heart Failure

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 701-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasper Andersen ◽  
Daniela Mariosa ◽  
Hans-Olov Adami ◽  
Claes Held ◽  
Erik Ingelsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

How Do Different Occupational Factors Influence Total, Occupational, and Leisure-Time Physical Activity?

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corneel Vandelanotte ◽  
Camille Short ◽  
Matthew Rockloff ◽  
Lee Di Millia ◽  
Kevin Ronan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Total Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
The Impact

Background:A better understanding of how occupational indicators influence physical activity levels will aid the design of workplace interventions.Methods:Cross-sectional data were collected from 1194 participants through a telephone interview in Queensland, Australia. The IPAQ-long was used to measure physical activity. Multiple logistic regression was applied to examine associations.Results:Of participants, 77.9% were employed full-time, 32.3% had professional jobs, 35.7% were engaged in shift work, 39.5% had physically-demanding jobs, and 66.1% had high physical activity levels. Participants with a physicallydemanding job were less likely to have low total (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.17 to 0.38) and occupational (OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.12 to 0.25) physical activity. Technical and trade workers were less likely to report low total physical activity (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.20 to 0.97) compared with white-collar workers. Part-time (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.15 to 2.64) and shift workers (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.21 to 2.88) were more likely to report low leisure-time activity.Conclusions:Overall, the impact of different occupational indicators on physical activity was not strong. As expected, the greatest proportion of total physical activity was derived from occupational physical activity. No evidence was found for compensation effects whereby physically-demanding occupations lead to less leisure-time physical activity or vice versa. This study demonstrates that workplaces are important settings to intervene, and that there is scope to increase leisure-time physical activity irrespective of occupational background.

Abstract P417: Physical Activity, Physical Fitness and Leukocyte Telomere Length: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Soares-Miranda ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
David S Siscovick ◽  
Nancy Swords Jenny ◽  
Annette L Fitzpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Leisure Time Activity ◽  
Over Time

Background The influence of physical activity (PA) and fitness (PF) at older ages on changes in telomere length (TL), repetitive DNA sequences that may mark biologic aging, are not well established. Prior studies in older adults were cross-sectional, and few evaluated PF. Aim To investigate both cross-sectional and prospective associations of PA and PF with Leukocyte TL in older adults. Methods Among 582 adults age 73±5 y at baseline in CHS having serial LTL measures (leucocyte mean terminal restriction length) in 1992 and 1997, PA (walking pace, blocks, combined walking score; leisure time activity) and PF (15-ft walk, chair stands, grip strength) were assessed multiple times from 1989 to 1997. Cross-sectional associations were assessed using multivariable repeated-measures regression of cumulative average serial PA and PF measures from 1989 to 1992 against LTL in 1992; and cumulative averaged PA and PF from 1993 to 1997 against LTL in 1997. Longitudinal analyses assessed cumulative averaged PA and PF from 1989-92 against later changes in LTL from 1992-97; and changes in cumulative averaged PA and PF from 1989-92 to 1993-97 against changes in LTL from 1992-97. We evaluated all subjects, those without poor/fair self-reported health, and those without limited ADLs. Results Cross-sectionally, greater walking distance and chair test performance, but not other PA and PF measures, each associated with longer LTL ( P trend 0.007, 0.04 respectively). Lab measures of DNA integrity suggested measurable degradation that markedly attenuates ability to detect differences in LTL changes over time, especially over only 5 y. For example, baseline PA and PF from 1989-92 were unassociated with later changes in LTL. In contrast, changes in leisure time activity and chair test performance from 1992-97 were each inversely associated with LTL shortening. Conclusions Even late in life, certain PA and PF metrics are associated with longer LTL cross-sectionally and, even with likely substantial measurement error, with less LTL shortening over time.

scholarly journals Dietary intake and different types of physical activity: full-day energy expenditure, occupational and leisure-time

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 841-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Camões ◽  
Carla Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Occupational Activity ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Activity

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the relationship between dietary intake and different levels and types of physical activity (PA).DesignCross-sectional evaluation of the EPIPorto study. Energy expenditure (metabolic energy equivalent tasks) and dietary intake during the past year were assessed using a PA questionnaire and a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire, respectively.SettingRepresentative sample of adults in Porto, Portugal.SubjectsData were analysed for 2404 Portuguese Caucasian adults, aged between 18 and 92 years.ResultsFor total PA, males who were active had significantly higher mean intake of energy (10·76 (2570·7) vs. 9·78 (2336·9) MJ/d (kcal/d), P < 0·001) and lower level of protein consumption (16·9 vs. 17·6 % of energy, P < 0·001) compared with sedentary males. In males, the association between total PA and energy intake remained after adjustment for age, education and body mass index. Similar results were observed when occupational activity was analysed. Concerning the energy expended in leisure time, in both genders, after adjustment for the previously described variables, a significant positive association was found between PA and intake of vitamin C (g/d): β = 0·12, 99 % confidence interval (CI) 0·02, 0·21 for females and β = 0·13, 99 % CI 0·03, 0·22 for males. Leisure-time activity in females was also positively associated with intakes of fibre, vitamin E, folate, calcium and magnesium, and negatively associated with saturated fat.ConclusionsHigher levels of PA in leisure time were associated with higher intakes of micronutrients and lower intakes of saturated fat, particularly in females. For total and occupational PA, similar nutrient intake was observed between active and sedentary individuals.

Mediation of the Relationship of Acculturation With Glycemic Control in Asian Americans With Diabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712110525
Author(s):  
Namrata Sanjeevi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Leisure Time Activity

Purpose To assess the role of physical activity and healthcare access in mediating the association of acculturation with cardiometabolic health in Asian American adults with diabetes. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2018. Subjects Non-pregnant Asian American adults with doctor diagnosed diabetes. Measures Participants were classified into low, moderate, and high acculturation status. Self-reported leisure-time, work, and transportation-based physical activity were summed for overall physical activity. Health insurance, frequency of healthcare receipt, and glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) check in the past year indicated healthcare access. Cardiometabolic health indicators included HbA1c, total and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Analysis Linear and logistic regression estimates, standardized using y-standardization, and assessed mediation of acculturation with cardiometabolic health. Results Low acculturation was significantly related to greater leisure-time inactivity odds [OR (95% CI) = 2.25 (1.05, 4.82)], overall insufficient activity [OR (95% CI) = 2.30 (1.12, 4.74)], and uninsured status [OR (95% CI) = 5.62 (1.55, 20.41)]. Asian Americans with low acculturation had significantly higher log HbA1c than those with high acculturation ( β ± SE = .078 ± .038); however, this association was not significant after adjusting for leisure-time activity. Leisure-time activity mediated 48.9% of acculturation and HbA1c association, and the indirect effect was statistically significant [estimate (95% CI) = .021 (.002, 0.047)]. Conclusions Results suggest that promoting sufficient leisure-time activity could improve glycemic control in least acculturated Asian Americans with diabetes.

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