scholarly journals A Confirmation Bias View on Social Media Induced Polarisation During Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Modgil ◽  
Rohit Kumar Singh ◽  
Shivam Gupta ◽  
Denis Dennehy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Confirmation Bias ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Deficit ◽  
Echo Chambers ◽  
Induced Polarisation

AbstractSocial media has played a pivotal role in polarising views on politics, climate change, and more recently, the Covid-19 pandemic. Social media induced polarisation (SMIP) poses serious challenges to society as it could enable ‘digital wildfires’ that can wreak havoc worldwide. While the effects of SMIP have been extensively studied, there is limited understanding of the interplay between two key components of this phenomenon: confirmation bias (reinforcing one’s attitudes and beliefs) and echo chambers (i.e., hear their own voice). This paper addresses this knowledge deficit by exploring how manifestations of confirmation bias contributed to the development of ‘echo chambers’ at the height of the Covid-19 pandemic. Thematic analysis of data collected from 35 participants involved in supply chain information processing forms the basis of a conceptual model of SMIP and four key cross-cutting propositions emerging from the data that have implications for research and practice.

scholarly journals The Ecological Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic Infodemic Discourse in Social Media: Ecolinguistic Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 117-128
Author(s):  
Khusnul Khotimah ◽  
Kisyani Laksono ◽  
Suhartono Suhartono ◽  
Udjang Pairin ◽  
Darni Darni
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Confirmation Bias ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
False Information ◽  
Echo Chambers

Texts on social media often highlight the Covid-19 pandemic. The text influences the mindset and mode of the readers. The purpose of this study is to describe the potential ecological impacts of infodemics, both constructive and destructive for readers. Data sourced from social media (Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter). The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The results showed that the ecological impact of infodemic discourse, namely the constructive impact represented by the content, meaning or message can influence the mindset and attitudes of readers to participate in preserving the environment. Positive texts can change negative environmental ethics into positive ones. The destructive impact in the form of excessive use of text, and without clear sources, has an impact on the effects of distraction, mental health, panic buying, confirmation bias and echo chambers, and tends to refuse to protect oneself and heed health protocols, making it difficult to handle the outbreak. In addition, misinformation on health has an impact on exacerbating outbreaks of infectious diseases. Especially damaging advice as false information is crafted with no respect for accuracy and is often integrated with narratives framed by emotion or conspiracy. The text affects attitudes and mindsets so that it damages the environment.

Social Media and Disasters

2019 ◽  
pp. 721-738
Author(s):  
Briony J. Gray ◽  
Mark J Weal ◽  
David Martin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Risk Zones ◽  
Information Reliability ◽  
Over Time

Conceptual frameworks which seek to integrate social media uses into disaster management strategies are employed in a range of events. With continued variations to online practices, developments in technology, and changes in online behaviours, it is imperative to provide conceptual frameworks which are relevant, current and insightful. This paper firstly conceptualizes a range of recent literature through inductive coding and proposes a new conceptual framework of current social media uses. Secondly, the framework is applied to a case study of a multi-hazard disaster: which are predicted to grow in severity and frequency due to climate change, alongside increased habitation of at-risk zones. Storm Desmond 2015 has been selected. Snowball sampling is used to identify networks of interest, and thematic analysis used to track changes in Twitter content over time. Web accessibility and information reliability issues are presented and discussed.

“Birds of a Feather”: An Institutional Approach to Canadian National Sport Organizations’ Social-Media Use

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Naraine ◽  
Milena M. Parent
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Sport Organizations ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Media Communication ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
Qualitative Thematic Analysis ◽  
Social Media Communication

The purpose of this study was to examine sport organizations’ social-media activity using an institutional approach, specifically, to investigate the main themes emanating from Canadian national sport organizations’ (CNSOs) social-media communication and the similarities and differences in social-media use between the CNSOs. An exploratory qualitative thematic analysis was conducted on 8 CNSOs’ Twitter accounts ranging from 346 to 23,925 followers, with the number of tweets varying from 219 to 17,186. Thematic analysis indicated that CNSOs generally used tweeting for promoting, reporting, and informing purposes. Despite the organizations’ differing characteristics regarding seasonality of the sport, Twitter-follower count, total number of tweets, and whether the content was original or retweeted, themes were generally consistent across the various organizations. Coercive, mimetic, and normative isomorphic pressures help explain these similarities and offer reasons for a lack of followership growth by the less salient CNSOs. Implications for research and practice are provided.

An ode to conference proceedings from the U.S. Southwest

Antiquity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (377) ◽  
pp. 1360-1362
Author(s):  
Scott G. Ortman
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Conference Proceedings ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Confirmation Bias ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Echo Chambers ◽  
The U.S

In this era of online indexing and scholarly social media, it is easier than ever for researchers to find papers and authors that they are interested in. But as access to information expands, choices over what information to consume are increasingly driven by pre-existing prejudices and confirmation bias. In this context, it takes ever more discipline for scholars to not become locked in their own echo chambers. All of us can see the damage that this same tendency is doing to our public life, so we should try to guard against the same thing happening in scholarship.

scholarly journals Network analysis reveals open forums and echo chambers in social media discussions of climate change

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 126-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hywel T.P. Williams ◽  
James R. McMurray ◽  
Tim Kurz ◽  
F. Hugo Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Echo Chambers

scholarly journals Recursive patterns in online echo chambers

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Brugnoli ◽  
Matteo Cinelli ◽  
Walter Quattrociocchi ◽  
Antonio Scala
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Confirmation Bias ◽  
Selective Exposure ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Informational Cascades ◽  
Common System ◽  
Time Aggregation ◽  
Echo Chambers ◽  
Echo Chamber

AbstractDespite their entertainment oriented purpose, social media changed the way users access information, debate, and form their opinions. Recent studies, indeed, showed that users online tend to promote their favored narratives and thus to form polarized groups around a common system of beliefs. Confirmation bias helps to account for users’ decisions about whether to spread content, thus creating informational cascades within identifiable communities. At the same time, aggregation of favored information within those communities reinforces selective exposure and group polarization. Along this path, through a thorough quantitative analysis we approach connectivity patterns of 1.2 M Facebook users engaged with two very conflicting narratives: scientific and conspiracy news. Analyzing such data, we quantitatively investigate the effect of two mechanisms (namely challenge avoidance and reinforcement seeking) behind confirmation bias, one of the major drivers of human behavior in social media. We find that challenge avoidance mechanism triggers the emergence of two distinct and polarized groups of users (i.e., echo chambers) who also tend to be surrounded by friends having similar systems of beliefs. Through a network based approach, we show how the reinforcement seeking mechanism limits the influence of neighbors and primarily drives the selection and diffusion of contents even among like-minded users, thus fostering the formation of highly polarized sub-clusters within the same echo chamber. Finally, we show that polarized users reinforce their preexisting beliefs by leveraging the activity of their like-minded neighbors, and this trend grows with the user engagement suggesting how peer influence acts as a support for reinforcement seeking.

Opportunities for Qualitative Analysis of Social Media Platforms in Dietetic Research and Practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Meghan Lynch ◽  
Irena Knezevic ◽  
Kennedy Laborde Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Online News ◽  
News Article ◽  
Discussion Forums ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Article Comment

To date, most qualitative knowledge about individual eating patterns and the food environment has been derived from traditional data collection methods, such as interviews, focus groups, and observations. However, there currently exists a large source of nutrition-related data in social media discussions that have the potential to provide opportunities to improve dietetic research and practice. Qualitative social media discussion analysis offers a new tool for dietetic researchers and practitioners to gather insights into how the public discusses various nutrition-related topics. We first consider how social media discussion data come with significant advantages including low-cost access to timely ways to gather insights from the public, while also cautioning that social media data have limitations (e.g., difficulty verifying demographic information). We then outline 3 types of social media discussion platforms in particular: (i) online news article comment sections, (ii) food and nutrition blogs, and (iii) discussion forums. We discuss how each different type of social media offers unique insights and provide a specific example from our own research using each platform. We contend that social media discussions can contribute positively to dietetic research and practice.

Epilogue

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Goodin ◽  
Kai Spiekermann
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
European Union ◽  
Majority Rule ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Epistemic Democracy ◽  
The Core ◽  
Echo Chambers ◽  
Filter Bubbles

This chapter reflects on the election of Donald Trump and the vote of the British electorate in favour of ‘Brexit’ from the European Union. While we refrain from judging the outcomes of these votes, we do discuss concerns pertaining to the lack of truthfulness in both campaigns. After rehearsing the lies on which the Trump and Brexit campaigns were based, we consider different explanations as to why these campaigns were nevertheless successful, and where this leaves the argument for epistemic democracy. Particularly worrisome are tendencies towards ‘epistemic insouciance’, ‘epistemic malevolence’, and ‘epistemic agnosticism’. We also consider the problematic influence of social media in terms of echo chambers and filter bubbles. The core argument in favour of epistemic democracy is that the pooling of votes by majority rule has epistemically beneficial properties, assuming certain conditions. If these assumptions are not met, or are systematically corrupted, then epistemic democracy is under threat.

The Decision Process of Contracting in Supply Chain Management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens K. Roehrich ◽  
Beverly B. Tyler ◽  
Jas Kalra ◽  
Brian Squire
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Interorganizational Relationships ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Relationship

Contracts are a formal mode of governing interorganizational relationships. They specify the terms and conditions of the agreement between two parties, interpret and adapt the relevant legal and industrial norms, serve as framing devices, and establish the rules and norms underpinning the relationship. The objective of this chapter is to synthesize the extant literature on interorganizational contracting to guide future research and practice. This chapter focuses on the three phases of contracting: (1) designing the contracting portfolio; (2) negotiating initial contracts; and (3) managing the relationship using contracts. The chapter explores the key decisions in each phase and the criteria involved in making these decisions. In doing so, it draws on existing research and theoretical frameworks that have contributed to the development of the contracting literature. The chapter also identifies some important and interesting directions for future contracting research and offers suggestions regarding how selected theoretical lenses might guide these endeavors. The principal conclusion is that while the existing research has primarily focused on the structural issues guiding contracting design, a more processual, social, and behavioral focus is required in future developments of the contracting literature.

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