Cyclophosphamide-induced changes in plasma and red blood cells detected by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in guinea pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 1239-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Farkas ◽  
Franciska Könczöl ◽  
Dénes Lőrinczy
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Induced Changes

Densitometric Identification of Primitive Erythroblasts After Reaction With Diaminobenzidine

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
John A. Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Hemoglobin Synthesis ◽  
Peroxidatic Activity ◽  
Small Density

Hemoglobin is the specific protein of red blood cells. Those cells in which hemoglobin synthesis is initiated are the earliest cells that can presently be considered to be committed to erythropoiesis. In order to identify such early cells electron microscopically, we have made use of the peroxidatic activity of hemoglobin by reacting the marrow of erythropoietically stimulated guinea pigs with diaminobenzidine (DAB). The reaction product appeared as a diffuse and amorphous electron opacity throughout the cytoplasm of reactive cells. The detection of small density increases of such a diffuse nature required an analytical method more sensitive and reliable than the visual examination of micrographs. A procedure was therefore devised for the evaluation of micrographs (negatives) with a densitometer (Weston Photographic Analyzer).

The Ullrastructure of Platelet Participation in Hemostasis

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 065-083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley A. Johnson ◽  
Ronaldo S. Balboa ◽  
Harlan J. Pederson ◽  
Monica Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Mesenteric Vessels ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Electron Lucent

SummaryThe ultrastructure of platelet aggregation in vivo in response to bleeding brought about by transection of small mesenteric vessels in rats and guinea pigs has been studied. Platelets aggregate, degranulate and separating membranes disappear in parallel with fibrin appearance which is first seen at several loci after 30 seconds of bleeding. About 40 per cent of the electron opaque granules, some of which contain platelet factor 3 have disappeared after one minute of bleeding while the electron lucent granules increase by 70 per cent suggesting that some of them may be empty vesicles. Most of the platelet aggregates of the random type disappear leaving clumped red blood cells entrapped by a network of fibrin fibers which emanate from the remains of platelet aggregates of the rosette type to maintain hemostasis.

scholarly journals Monitoring the side effects with DSC caused by cyclophosphamide treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 765-770
Author(s):  
Péter Farkas ◽  
Franciska Könczöl ◽  
Dénes Lőrinczy
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Cyclophosphamide Treatment ◽  
Micro Dsc ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dose Dependent

AbstractPolyneuropathy is defined as a simultaneous malfunction of several peripheral nerves, which could be a side effect of a cancer therapy (using cyclophosphamide) as well. In the daily use, it is very important to know the kinetics and metabolism of anticancer drugs because this way we can estimate their undesirable consequences to avoid the unwanted complications. Nowadays, the application of DSC in diagnosis of different diseases using blood compounds is increasing; therefore, the purpose of recent study was to introduce at the first time the DSC in the detection of cyclophosphamide-induced changes in plasma and red blood cells in case of an experimental animal model. Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus, n = 60, in 12 different groups) underwent to cyclophosphamide treatment administrated intraperitoneally with the dose comparable to the human dosage. At the end of treatments, the animals were euthanized, and the experimental samples (plasma end red blood cells) were analyzed by a SETARAM Micro DSC-II calorimeter. The denaturation temperatures and the calorimetric enthalpies were calculated from the heat flow curves. Our results exhibited a dose-dependent difference between thermal parameters of untreated and treated samples, demonstrating that DSC is applicable in this field too. After deconvolution of DSC scans, the changes could be assigned to the attacked compounds. Recently published papers call the attention for this technique more frequently in the medical diagnosis because this way from small amount of sample very quickly and economically possible to detect and predict the expected and unwanted side effects of chemotherapeutic agents.

scholarly journals Hormonal modulation of ionic permeability in human red blood cells.

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 1607-1612
Author(s):  
R D London ◽  
L Berson ◽  
M S Lipkowitz
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Intracellular Camp ◽  
Chloride Permeability ◽  
Sodium Permeability ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Hormonal Modulation ◽  
Induced Changes

It has previously been reported that both exogenous adenosine cAMP analogs and forskolin-induced elevations in intracellular cAMP concentrations selective increase relative ionic chloride permeability in normal human red blood cells (RBC). A similar selectively increase in relative ionic chloride permeability was observed in untreated uremic subjects in whom endogenous RBC cAMP concentrations are chronically elevated. To detect which hormones might modulate RBC cAMP and ionic permeabilities, RBC were exposed to norepinephrine, epinephrine, and parathyroid hormone. Thereafter, RBC cAMP concentrations were measured by RIA and relative ionic permeabilities were determined in human RBC ghosts with the potential sensitive fluorescent probe diS-C3-(5). In ghosts prepared from normal RBC, norepinephrine and epinephrine significantly increased intracellular cAMP concentrations; in these ghosts, relative ionic chloride permeability (permeability of chloride/permeability of potassium (PCI/PK)), but not PNa/PK (permeability of sodium/permeability of potassium), was significantly increased. In contrast, exposure to parathyroid hormone did not affect either cAMP concentrations or relative ionic permeabilities. These results are consistent with the presence of adrenergic receptors and the absence of parathyroid hormone receptors in RBC. These studies demonstrate that hormonally induced changes in cAMP can modulate RBC relative ionic chloride permeability and suggest that, in uremic RBC, increased relative ionic chloride permeability could be consequent to elevated plasma levels of epinephrine or norepinephrine.

scholarly journals THE ANEMIA OF SCURVY

1932 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy R. Mettier ◽  
William B. Chew
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Mitotic Figures

1. Weight loss, progressive anemia, and a moderate increase in reticulated red blood cells occurred in seventeen guinea pigs on a diet deficient in vitamin C. 2. The histological changes of the bone marrow removed from guinea pigs with scurvy showed large numbers of erythrogenic cells, but scant evidence of active maturation to the adult erythrocyte. 3. A reticulocyte response was induced in guinea pigs with scurvy when fed orange juice daily. 4. The histological changes of the bone marrow removed from guinea pigs during the reticulocyte response showed large numbers of mitotic figures and relatively more adult red blood cells than in the bone marrow from guinea pigs with scurvy that had not been treated with orange juice. 5. It is concluded from this study that the anemia of experimentally induced scurvy in the guinea pig is largely dependent upon vitamin C deficiency resulting in retarded maturation of the red blood cell.

Cadmium-induced changes of antioxidant and metabolic status in red blood cells of rats: in vivo effects

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Kostić ◽  
B. Ognjanović ◽  
S. Dimitrijević ◽  
R. V. Zikić ◽  
A. ZSCtajn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
In Vivo Effects

Effects of Exercise Training on the Distribution of Metallic Mercury in Mice

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 524-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhiro Shimojo ◽  
Yoshihiro Arai
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mercury Vapour ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

1 The purpose of this study was to correlate exercise induced changes of antioxidant enzymes with the distribution of mercury after mercury vapour exposure in mice. 2 Exercise training consisted of swimming (1 h/day for 5 days/week) for 9 weeks. After 9 weeks of training, swim-trained mice showed significantly elevated levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx ) in their red blood cells, CAT and GSHpx in their kidneys and SOD in the liver. 3 Exercised mice (Ex) and non-exercised mice (N.Ex) were exposed to mercury vapour (3.5 mg m-3) for 1 h. Mercury concentrations were assayed in the . blood, brain, heart, lungs, liver and kidneys along with the mercury content of the entire body. The whole body mercury content showed no significant difference in any measurement (immediately, 24 h and 48 h after mercury exposure) between the Ex and N.Ex groups. Mercury concentrations in the Ex group were significantly higher than the N.Ex group in the heart, whole blood, red blood cells and the brain at 24 and 48 h; and in the plasma and kidneys at 24 h. 4 It was concluded that exercise training is a factor in distribution changes of mercury after exposure to mercury vapour, though it is not a factor in the total absorption and excretion of mercury.

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