scholarly journals Comparative metabolomics analysis reveals the variations of eating quality among three high-quality rice cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Gong ◽  
Daoqiang Huang ◽  
Yibo Chen ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Zhidong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Forming Mechanism ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Comparative Metabolomics ◽  
Metabolomics Analysis ◽  
Desirable Trait

AbstractGood eating quality is a highly desirable trait of rice which determines its commercial value and market share. However, the molecular basis of this trait remains largely unknown. Here, three high-quality conventional rice cultivars, including two superior eating quality cultivars Meixiangzhan-2 (MXZ) and Xiangyaxiangzhan (XYXZ), and one ordinary eating quality cultivar Huanghuazhan (HHZ), were analyzed by comparative metabolomics to identify the inherent mechanism for the formation of superior eating quality. The results showed 58.8% of common differential substances between MXZ vs HHZ and XYXZ vs HHZ were enriched in MXZ and XYXZ, whereas 39.2% of them were prominently decreased compared with HHZ, mainly including amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, phenolamides, and flavonoids, which may be the primary factors leading to the differences of taste and flavor among these three cultivars. We also found that lysine derivatives and fatty acids may have a close relationship with taste. These results above provide important insights into the taste-forming mechanism of rice and will be beneficial for superior eating quality rice breeding.

scholarly journals Utilization of Molecular Markers for Rice Breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Tasliah Tasliah
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Phosphate Deficiency ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Early Maturity

Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world's population. Rice production in 2050 must increase by at least 50% to keep up with the population growth. Efforts to increase rice production continue using various strategies. Breeders apply multiple approaches including application of molecular markers in developing varieties better than the previous ones. Since the discovery of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers in 1980s and the development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, many types of molecular markers have been developed and applied to various crops including rice. Various molecular approaches to map genetic loci associated with rice superior traits were conducted. The mapped loci are very useful for rice breeding purposes. This paper reports the results of mapping and breeding economically important traits in rice, mainly those related to abiotic stresses, agronomic traits, yield, and yield quality. These included characters of semidwarf stature, aromatic grain, high yield potential, eating quality, higher Zn and Fe grain, more tolerant to abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, phosphate deficiency, Al toxicity and Fe toxicity, submergence, as well as early maturity character. The mapped characters can be transferred using marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) method into cultivated rice genotypes well-adopted by farmers. Several countries including Indonesia have benefited from this breeding method, and Indonesia have released several rice varieties developed through MABC. These include rice varieties such as Code, Angke, Inpari 30, Inpari Blas, Inpari HDB, Bio Patenggang Agritan, and Bioni 63 Ciherang Agritan

scholarly journals Lamb Age has Little Impact on Eating Quality

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire E. Payne ◽  
Liselotte Pannier ◽  
Fiona Anderson ◽  
David W. Pethick ◽  
Graham E. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Eating Quality ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Premium Price

There is an industry wide perception that new season lamb has better eating quality than old season lamb. This study aims to identify differences in consumer eating quality scores between two age classes in lamb. Consumer eating quality scores from eight cuts across the carcass were evaluated from new season (NS; n = 120; average age = 240 days) and old season lambs (OS; n = 121; average age = 328 days), sourced from four different flocks. Cuts were grilled (loin, topside, outside, knuckle and rump) or roasted (leg, shoulder, rack) and scored by untrained consumers for tenderness, juiciness, liking of flavour and overall liking. There was no difference in eating quality scores between the two age classes for the loin, leg, shoulder and rack. This was similarly shown in the topside with the exception of juiciness scores where NS lambs were higher than OS lambs. There was also a lack of age difference in the outside with the exception of flock 3 where NS lambs scored higher than OS lambs for all sensory traits. Across all sensory traits, OS lambs received on average 2.8 scores lower for the knuckle and 3.1 scores lower for the rump compared to NS lambs. These results show little difference in eating quality between NS and OS lamb, and highlight the potential to develop high quality OS or “autumn lamb” products, with a similar premium price at retail as NS lambs.

Pig Meat Quality as Affected by Genetics and Production Systems

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ellis ◽  
F.K. Mckeith
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Pig Meat ◽  
On Farm ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Water Holding

The efficiency of pig production has increased considerably in recent years, but the improvement of meat quality has only recently begun to receive attention. Closer links between the producers and marketers of pigs are now resulting in a clearer understanding of the factors that lead to meat of high quality. Here, some of the major on-farm influences on meat quality are described, focussing on meat colour, water-holding capacity and eating quality.

Breeding improved rice cultivars for temperate regions: a case study

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 897 ◽  
Author(s):  
KS McKenzie ◽  
CW Johnson ◽  
ST Tseng ◽  
JJ Oster ◽  
DM Brandon
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Cool Temperature ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Rice Water

An accelerated rice-breeding program was initiated in 1969 at the California Rice Experiment Station. The program is broad in scope, developing cultivars in all US market classes (long, medium, and short grains) and special purpose types (waxy and aromatics). This grower-funded rice-breeding program has released 27 new cultivars as well as improved germplasm lines. Statewide paddy rice yields have risen from 6.2 to 9.3 t/ha since 1978. The incorporation of semi-dwarfing genes, earlier maturity, and increased yield potential have contributed significantly to increases in grain yield. High experimental yields (>I1 t/ha) are routine and achieving increased increments of yield will become more difficult. After the initial shift to semi-dwarf cultivars, increasing efforts were directed toward improving adaptation to environmental stresses and grain quality. Screening and selection for cold tolerance in the form of seedling vigour for water seeding and resistance to cool temperature induced sterility at the reproductive stage are integral parts of the rice-breeding program. Progress is being made on incorporation into California rice cultivars of resistance to stem rot (Sclerotiurn oryzae Cattaneo) and aggregate sheath spot [Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae (Swada) Mordue] from wild species and tolerance to rice water weevil (Lissorhoptus oryzophilus Kuschel). New restrictions and regulations of agronomic management practices may negatively impact rice production, creating problems in stand establishment, soil fertility, and weed, disease, and insect control. Breeding efforts to help minimise the adverse effect of these restrictions on yield and quality will increase in the future. Increased emphasis is being placed on improving milling yield and cooking and processing characteristics, and new laboratory methods are being explored to aid in evaluation and selection for grain quality.

scholarly journals Genotyping-by-Sequencing-Based Genetic Analysis of African Rice Cultivars and Association Mapping of Blast Resistance Genes Against Magnaporthe oryzae Populations in Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (9) ◽  
pp. 1039-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel M. Mgonja ◽  
Chan Ho Park ◽  
Houxiang Kang ◽  
Elias G. Balimponya ◽  
Stephen Opiyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Association Mapping ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
R Genes ◽  
African Rice

Understanding the genetic diversity of rice germplasm is important for the sustainable use of genetic materials in rice breeding and production. Africa is rich in rice genetic resources that can be utilized to boost rice productivity on the continent. A major constraint to rice production in Africa is rice blast, caused by the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. In this report, we present the results of a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)-based diversity analysis of 190 African rice cultivars and an association mapping of blast resistance (R) genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The 190 African cultivars were clustered into three groups based on the 184K single nucleotide polymorphisms generated by GBS. We inoculated the rice cultivars with six African M. oryzae isolates. Association mapping identified 25 genomic regions associated with blast resistance (RABRs) in the rice genome. Moreover, PCR analysis indicated that RABR_23 is associated with the Pi-ta gene on chromosome 12. Our study demonstrates that the combination of GBS-based genetic diversity population analysis and association mapping is effective in identifying rice blast R genes/QTLs that contribute to resistance against African populations of M. oryzae. The identified markers linked to the RABRs and 14 highly resistant cultivars in this study will be useful for rice breeding in Africa.

Screening of rice cultivars for brewing high quality turbid rice wine

LWT ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Jun Wang ◽  
Da-Wen Sun ◽  
Seok-Tae Jeong ◽  
Soo-Hwan Yeo ◽  
Ji-Ho Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Wine ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
High Quality
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