scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) as a Predictor of Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration: Potential Treatment Strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Putilina ◽  
D. V. Grishin
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Potential Treatment

scholarly journals Mice carrying an analogous heterozygous dynamin 2 K562E mutation that causes neuropathy in humans develop predominant characteristics of a primary myopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1253-1273
Author(s):  
Jorge A Pereira ◽  
Joanne Gerber ◽  
Monica Ghidinelli ◽  
Daniel Gerber ◽  
Luigi Tortola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Type B ◽  
Disease Mechanism ◽  
Demyelinating Neuropathy ◽  
Charcot Marie Tooth ◽  
Dynamin 2

Abstract Some mutations affecting dynamin 2 (DNM2) can cause dominantly inherited Charcot–Marie–Tooth (CMT) neuropathy. Here, we describe the analysis of mice carrying the DNM2 K562E mutation which has been associated with dominant-intermediate CMT type B (CMTDIB). Contrary to our expectations, heterozygous DNM2 K562E mutant mice did not develop definitive signs of an axonal or demyelinating neuropathy. Rather, we found a primary myopathy-like phenotype in these mice. A likely interpretation of these results is that the lack of a neuropathy in this mouse model has allowed the unmasking of a primary myopathy due to the DNM2 K562E mutation which might be overshadowed by the neuropathy in humans. Consequently, we hypothesize that a primary myopathy may also contribute to the disease mechanism in some CMTDIB patients. We propose that these findings should be considered in the evaluation of patients, the determination of the underlying disease processes and the development of tailored potential treatment strategies.

Targeted temperature management: beneficial or not?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelley Ricketts ◽  
Bridie Jones
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Targeted Temperature Management ◽  
Prehospital Setting ◽  
Neurological Recovery ◽  
Temperature Management ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Potential Benefits

Targeted temperature management (TTM), formerly known as therapeutic hypothermia, has been shown to improve survival and neurological recovery in patients following cardiac arrest. Following successes with its in-hospital implementation, many guidelines now advocate its use in the prehospital domain for all out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs). It has been suggested that patients presenting with shockable rhythms who receive early initiation of TTM have better survival rates. TTM can be initiated in the prehospital setting with minimal equipment. This article discusses and explores the potential benefits and pitfalls of targeted temperature management when initiated in the prehospital environment. Particular focus is given to potential treatment strategies that can be used by paramedics to adequately manage OHCA. It is proposed that prehospital TTM is advantageous to all patients in cardiac arrest and can be efficacious in a variety of prehospital environments, with its implementation requiring only minimal equipment.

scholarly journals Mutual relationship between heart failure and atrial fibrillation

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo M. Sarullo ◽  
Giuseppe Schembri ◽  
Cinzia Nugara ◽  
Silvia Sarullo ◽  
Giuseppe Vitale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
The Common

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are evolving epidemies, together responsible for substantial human suffering and health-care expenditure. The simultaneous co-hexistence of the two conditions is associated with mortality rates higher than those observed in individuals with only one or none of them. Patients with concomitant HF and AF suffer from even worse symptoms and poorer prognosis, yet evidence-based evaluation and management of this group of patients is lacking. In this review, we evaluate the common mechanisms for the development of AF in HF patients and vice versa, focusing on the evidence for potential treatment strategies. Recent data have suggested that these patients may respond differently if compared to those with HF or AF alone. These results highlight the clear clinical need to identify and treat these diseases according to best evidence, in order to prevent adverse outcomes and reduce the huge burden that HF and AF are expected to have on global healthcare systems in the future.

scholarly journals Early Physical Therapist Interventions for Patients With COVID-19 in the Acute Care Hospital: A Case Report Series

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Eggmann ◽  
Angela Kindler ◽  
Andrea Perren ◽  
Natalie Ott ◽  
Frauke Johannes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Acute Care Hospital ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Prone Positioning

Abstract Objective The aim of this case series was to describe the experience of Swiss physical therapists in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 during their acute care hospital stay and to discuss challenges and potential strategies in the clinical management of these patients. Methods We report 11 cases of patients with COVID-19 from five Swiss hospitals that illustrate the various indications for physical therapy, clinical challenges, potential treatment methods and short-term response to treatment. Results Physical therapists actively treated patients with COVID-19 on wards and in the ICU. Interventions ranged from patient education, to prone positioning, to early mobilization and respiratory therapy. Patients were often unstable with quick exacerbation of symptoms and a slow and fluctuant recovery. Additionally, many patients who are critically ill developed severe weakness, post-extubation dysphagia, weaning failure or presented with anxiety or delirium. In this setting, physical therapy was challenging and required specialized and individualized therapeutic strategies. Most patients adopted the proposed treatment strategies and lung function and physical strength improved over time. Conclusion Physical therapists clearly have a role in the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on our experience in Switzerland, we recommend that physical therapists routinely screen and assess patients for respiratory symptoms and exercise tolerance on acute wards. Treatment of patients who are critically ill should start as soon as possible to limit further sequelae. More research is needed for awake prone positioning, early breathing exercises as well as post-COVID rehabilitation. Impact To date there are few data on the physical therapist management of patients with COVID-19. This article is among the first to describe the role of physical therapists in the complex pandemic environment and to describe the potential treatment strategies for countering the various challenges in the treatment of these patients.

Exosomal microRNAs in cancer-related sarcopenia: Tumor-derived exosomal microRNAs in muscle atrophy

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022199032
Author(s):  
Chenyuan Li ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Zhiyu Li ◽  
Zhong Wang ◽  
Yi Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Degradation Pathways ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Mass Wasting ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Related Mortality

Cancer-associated sarcopenia is a complex metabolic syndrome marked by muscle mass wasting. Muscle wasting is a serious complication that is a primary contributor to cancer-related mortality. The underlying molecular mechanisms of cancer-associated sarcopenia have not been completely described to date. In general, evidence shows that the main pathophysiological alterations in sarcopenia are associated with the degradation of cellular components, an exceptional inflammatory secretome and mitochondrial dysfunction. Importantly, we highlight the prospect that several miRNAs carried by tumor-derived exosomes that have shown the ability to promote inflammatory secretion, activate catabolism, and even participate in the regulation of cellular degradation pathways can be delivered to and exert effects on muscle cells. In this review, we aim to describe the current knowledge about the functions of exosomal miRNAs in the induction of cancer-associated muscle wasting and propose potential treatment strategies.

scholarly journals The use of Hydroxychloroquine in the Treatment of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-291
Author(s):  
Kamer Tecen-Yücel ◽  
Emre Kara ◽  
Kutay Demirkan ◽  
Serhat Ünal
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
The Many ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Human Infectious Disease

COVID-19 is a newly emerging human infectious disease of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) origin described as a pandemic by the World Health Organisation (WHO) on March 11, 2020. There is currently no definitive cure for COVID-19; however, among the many treatment strategies, hydroxychloroquine has been suggested as a potential treatment. The purpose of this article was to review the pharmacological properties and mechanism of COVID-19 treatment with hydroxychloroquine and its potential use on the current COVID-19 pandemic.

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