Combined Effects of Air Plasma Seed Treatment and Foliar Application of Plasma Activated Water on Enhanced Paddy Plant Growth and Yield

A study of effect of foliar application of gibberellic acids (GA) and napthalene acetic acids (NAA) each at 0, 10, 20 and 30 ppm concentrations revealed that plant growth, phonological parameter, yield-attributing parameters and yield of okra increased significantly with the increase in concentration. The application of GA at 30 ppm gave maximum fruit length, fruit thickness, green fruits yield and dry weight of fruits. Similarly, 30 ppm NAA gave maximum fruit length, fruit thickness, green fruits yield and dry weight of fruits. The treatment interactions were found significant only at 45 DAS stage in plant height, at 15 DAS stage in case of leaves/plant and only at 45 and 60 DAS stage in case of branches / plant. The highest net returns was obtained with application of 30 ppm each of GA and NAA .

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Seed treatment using rhizobacteria as plant growth promotion of two chili variety (Capsicum annuum L.)

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/951/1/012060 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 951 (1) ◽

pp. 012060

Author(s):

Syamsuddin ◽

Halimursyadah ◽

Samingan ◽

V Maulidia

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Capsicum Annuum ◽

Plant Growth Promotion ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Growth Promotion ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Capsicum Annuum L ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Chili Peppers

Abstract The research aims to find out the effect of pre-germination treatment seeds using rhizobacteria as plant growth promotion of two varieties of red chili peppers in the field. The experiment used a randomized design of factorial groups. Factors studied were varieties (V) and rhizobacteria types (R). The variety factor consists of 2 varieties namely PM999 (V1) and Kiyo F1 (V2). While the type of rhizobacteria factor tried consists of 8 treatment, namely, control (R0), Azotobacter sp. (R1), B. megaterium (R2), P. atmuta (R3), B. alvei (R4), Flavobacterium sp. (R5), B. coagulans (R6), B. firmus (R7) and B. pilymixa (Rs). Each treatment was repeated 3 times, so there were 48 experimental units. Each unit of experiment is represented by 5 sample plants. The data was analyzed using ANOVA and continued with DMRT test at real level α = 0.05. The results showed that vegetative growth and production of chili plants until the age of 45 days after planting in each variety is not dependent on the pre-germination treatment of seeds with rhizobacteria. But the varieties of chili plants used affect vegetative growth and production. PM999 varieties are superior to the Kiyo F1 variety. Pre-germination treatment of seeds using rhizobacteria is relatively effective in improving vegetative growth and yield of chili plants. Among the 8 isolates rizobacteria isolate Azotobacter sp., B. megaterium, B. coagulants, Flavobacterium sp., and P. atmuta relatively effective to provide an increased effect on the growth and production of chili plants.

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Seed Treatment and N Rate Do Not Impact Dry Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Plant Growth or Grain Yield in Ontario

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.1139/cjps-2020-0116 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Boersma ◽

Chris L. Gillard

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Research Station ◽

Dry Bean ◽

Grain Moisture ◽

Plant Emergence ◽

Yield Responses

Application of nitrogen fertilizer and commercial seed treatments are two strategies dry bean growers in Ontario utilize to manage root rot and maximize yields. However, data solidifying these practices is absent or outdated. Experiments were conducted at the Huron Research Station, near Exeter, Ontario, from 2008 to 2010 to measure plant growth and yield responses for navy, kidney, and cranberry dry bean market classes (cv. T9905, Pink Panther, and Etna, respectively) to seed treatment (NST – no seed treatment; CMBD – Cruiser Maxx Bean + Dynasty) and N fertilizer rates of 0, 35, 70, 105, 140 and 175 kg N ha-1. Plant measurements taken included plant emergence, vigour, height and maturity, plant and seed mass, and grain moisture and yield. Over three years, plant growth and yield responses to seed treatment and nitrogen fertilizer were very scarce. Plant emergence and vigour either improved or were not affected by seed treatment or N rate, while increasing N rates increased plant height of only Pink Panther in 2008. Plant mass was unaffected by either factor while seed treatment decreased days to maturity and grain moisture of T9905 in 2008. Nitrogen fertilizer improved the grain yield of Etna, with the highest yields occurring with 70 kg N ha-1 or more, while other cultivar site-years did not respond. Overall, these results demonstrate dry beans rarely respond to N fertilizer or seed treatment at the Huron Research Station. Additional testing over multiple years and locations would assist in predicting these responses.

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Gibberellin and cytokinin effects on soybean growth

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162003000300019 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 537-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Vagner Maximino Leite ◽

Ciro Antonio Rosolem ◽

João Domingos Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Root Growth ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Joint Application

Soybean is an important crop in Brazil. Nonetheless, there are no reports on the use of plant growth regulator potential in relation to this crop in the national literature. To better understand the role of these compounds, a pot experiment was carried out to study effects of GA3 and cytokinin on the vegetative growth of the soybean. GA3 (50 mg L-1) was applied as seed treatment, leaving plants with water application as control. GA3 (100 mg L-1) and cytokinin (30 mg L-1) were sprayed on leaves at the physiological stage V3/V4, and 15 days after, cytokinin (30 mg L-1), also as foliar spray. Seed treatment decreased plant emergence and initial soybean root growth, but as the season progressed, differences in root growth disappeared; plants were shorter, and presented a decrease in the number of nodes, in stem diameter, in leaf area and in dry matter yield. Conversely, foliar application of GA3 led to an increase in plant height, first node height and stem diameter. Leaf area and dry matter production also increased as a result of GA3 foliar application. There was no effect of exogenous gibberellin and cytokinin on the number of soybean leaves, number of stem branches and root dry matter. Joint application of gibberellin and cytokinin tended to inhibit gibberellin effects. Cytokinin applied to leaves during soybean vegetative growth was not effective in modifying any of the evaluated plant growth variables.

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Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review

International Agrophysics ◽

10.2478/intag-2013-0017 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 463-477 ◽

Cited By ~ 167

Author(s):

J. Lipiec ◽

C. Doussan ◽

A. Nosalewicz ◽

K. Kondracka

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Management Practices ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Plant Responses ◽

Phenotypic Flexibility ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Effects Of Drought ◽

Management Approaches

Abstract Drought and heat stresses are important threat limitations to plant growth and sustainable agriculture worldwide. Our objective is to provide a review of plant responses and adaptations to drought and elevated temperature including roots, shoots, and final yield and management approaches for alleviating adverse effects of the stresses based mostly on recent literature. The sections of the paper deal with plant responses including root growth, transpiration, photosynthesis, water use efficiency, phenotypic flexibility, accumulation of compounds of low molecular mass (eg proline and gibberellins), and expression of some genes and proteins for increasing the tolerance to the abiotic stresses. Soil and crop management practices to alleviate negative effects of drought and heat stresses are also discussed. Investigations involving determination of plant assimilate partitioning, phenotypic plasticity, and identification of most stress-tolerant plant genotypes are essential for understanding the complexity of the responses and for future plant breeding. The adverse effects of drought and heat stress can be mitigated by soil management practices, crop establishment, and foliar application of growth regulators by maintaining an appropriate level of water in the leaves due to osmotic adjustment and stomatal performance.

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Seed Treatment With Jasmonic Acid and Methyl Jasmonate Induces Resistance to Insects but Reduces Plant Growth and Yield in Rice, Oryza sativa

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.691768 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Santhi Bhavanam ◽

Michael Stout

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Methyl Jasmonate ◽

Pest Management ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Lissorhoptrus Oryzophilus ◽

Rice Water Weevil ◽

Rice Water

When applied exogenously to plants, jasmonates [i.e., jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)] increase plant resistance against herbivores, and their use in pest management has been suggested. For integration into pest management programs, the benefits of the resistance induced by jasmonates must outweigh the costs of jasmonates on plant growth and yield. A previous field study in rice found that seed treatment with MeJA reduced densities of the rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, but also reduced plant growth. Yields from MeJA plots were similar to yields from control plots. Because this study was conducted under field conditions with natural levels of pest populations, it was unclear whether effects on growth and yield were due to direct effects of MeJA treatment on the plant or due to lower reductions in rice water weevil densities. Therefore, the present study was designed to characterize the effects of JA and MeJA seed treatment on rice plant growth and yield in a pest-free environment under greenhouse conditions. Seed treatment with 2.5 mM JA and 2.5 mM MeJA enhanced resistance in rice plants to rice water weevils when plants were exposed to weevils 30 days after planting. Seed treatment with MeJA reduced seedling emergence and plant height at 4 and 14 days after planting, respectively, compared to JA and control treatments. However, numbers of tillers per plant at 45 days after planting and days to heading were unaffected by jasmonate seed treatment. Of four yield components (panicles per plant, filled grains per panicle, percent unfilled grains, and filled grain mass) that were measured, only filled grain mass was reduced by seed treatment. Plants grown from MeJA-treated seeds showed 31% lower grain masses compared to plants grown from control-treated seeds. Thus, the effects of seed treatment with MeJA on plant growth were stronger immediately post-treatment and subsided over time, such that plant growth mostly recovered 6 weeks after treatment. At maturity, MeJA may reduce one but not all components of yield. Despite similar effects on rice water weevil resistance, the negative effects of JA seed treatment on plant growth and yield were smaller compared to MeJA seed treatment.

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Effect of foliar application of liquid organic and inorganic fertilizers along with NAAon cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

ANNALS OF PLANT AND SOIL RESEARCH ◽

10.47815/apsr.2020.10021 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 454-456

Author(s):

MEYYAPPAN M

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Organic Liquid ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Soluble Form ◽

Plant Growth Hormones

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is popularly known as lobia in India, now cultivated throughout the tropics and sub-tropics and used as pulse, green vegetable, fodder, green manure and its productivity is 683 kg ha -1.Vermiwash is a liquid leachate that is collected after the passage of water through the column of worm action. It is a collection of excretory products and mucous secretion of earthworms along with micronutrients from the soil organic molecules. This bio-liquid is rich in nutrients, microorganisms, enzymes, vitamins and plant growth hormones which increase the resistant power of crops against various diseases and enhances the productivity of crops.. The nutrients present in vermiwash are in water-soluble form and meet the immediate requirements of crop plants. Further, it contains nitrogen fixing and nutrient solubilizing bacteria. Generally, foliar spray of vermiwash of vermicomposting supplies nutrients to higher plants more rapidly than soil and root application methods. Vermiwash spray persists on leaf surface and resulted in leaf thickness, increase in photosynthetic activity, internode growth, improved plant physiology and finally increased the yield (Selladuraiet al., 2009). Humic acid is a commercial product containing many elements which improve the growth and yield of cowpea. The fermented organic liquid fertilizer panchagavya contains nutrients, plant growth regulators and microorganisms which help in plant growth, yield, metabolic activities and gives resistant to pest and diseases. The commercial seaweed extract contains major and minor nutrients, amino acids, vitamins and other growth promoting substances. DAP is a complex fertilizer containing 18 % nitrogen and 46 % phosphorus. The Naphthalene acidic acid is a auxin and very effective in promoting growth and yield of pulses. It may be concluded from the results that the foliar application of 2 % DAP along with 40 ppm NAA is recommended to cowpea to enhance the yield and to obtain higher returns.

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The effect of foliar application of five plant growth regulators on the growth and yield of lowbush blueberry

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps93-081 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 607-610 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John C. Lewis ◽

Hak-Yoon Ju

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Response ◽

Flower Bud ◽

Chlormequat Chloride ◽

Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽

Lowbush Blueberry

The plant growth regulators, daminozide (2500 ppm), chlormequat chloride (1500 ppm), ethephon (500 ppm), mepiquat chloride (100 ppm), and paclobutrazol (1000 ppm), were foliar applied to sprouting-year and to first fruiting-year commercial lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.). In sprouting-year blueberry, flower bud production was increased by paclobutrazol, resulting in significantly improved bloom and yield the following year. In fruiting-year blueberry, flower bud production was significantly increased by paclobutrazol in the year of application and resulted in improved bloom and yield in the following fruiting year. The effects of the other treatments on these parameters were in most cases not significant. Daminozide showed a significant bloom response with a sprouting-year application, but this did not translate into a yield response. Key words: Vaccinium angustifolium, plant growth regulators, paclobutrazol, flower bud production

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