Ectopic expression of a phytochrome B gene from Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) in Arabidopsis thaliana promotes seedling de-etiolation, dwarfing in mature plants, and delayed flowering

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 633-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Fang Song ◽  
Shu Zhang ◽  
Pei Hou ◽  
Hong-Zhong Shang ◽  
Hai-Ke Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Phytochrome B ◽  
Delayed Flowering

scholarly journals BBX32 Interacts with AGL24 Involved in Flowering Time Control in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis)

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
Guan-Peng MA ◽  
Da-Qin ZHAO ◽  
Tian-Wen WANG ◽  
Lin-Bi ZHOU ◽  
Gui-Lian LI
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Protein Protein Interactions ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Flowering Time Control ◽  
Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms

B-box (BBX) zinc finger proteins play critical roles in both vegetative and reproductive development in plants. Many BBX proteins have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana as floral transition regulatory factors, such as CO, BBX7 (COL9), BBX19, and BBX32. BBX32 is involved in flowering time control through repression of COL3 in Arabidopsis thaliana, but it is still elusive that whether and how BBX32 directly interacts with flowering signal integrators of AGAMOUS-LIKE 24 (AGL24) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) or other plants. In this study, B-box-32(BBX32), a transcription factor in this family with one B-box motif was cloned from B. rapa, acted as a circadian clock protein, showing expression changes during the circadian period. Additional experiments using GST pull-down and yeast two-hybrid assays indicated that BrBBX32 interacts with BrAGL24 and does not interact with BrSOC1, while BrAGL24 does interact with BrSOC1. To investigate the domains involved in these protein-protein interactions, we tested three regions of BrBBX32. Only the N-terminus interacted with BrAGL24, indicating that the B-box domain may be the key region for protein interaction. Based on these data, we propose that BrBBX32 may act in the circadian clock pathway and relate to the mechanism of flowering time regulation by binding to BrAGL24 through the B-box domain. This study will provide valuable information for unraveling the molecular regulatory mechanisms of BrBBX32 in flowering time of B. rapa.

scholarly journals Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9 Mutagenesis of BrVRN1 Delays Flowering Time in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1286
Author(s):  
Joon Ki Hong ◽  
Eun Jung Suh ◽  
Sang Ryeol Park ◽  
Jihee Park ◽  
Yeon-Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Vrn1 Gene ◽  
Floral Repressor ◽  
Dna Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Delayed Flowering ◽  
Golden Gate Cloning

The VERNALIZATION1 (VRN1) gene is a crucial transcriptional repressor involved in triggering the transition to flowering in response to prolonged cold. To develop Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) plants with delayed flowering time, we designed a multiplex CRISPR/Cas9 platform that allows the co-expression of four sgRNAs targeting different regions of the endogenous BrVRN1 gene delivered via a single binary vector built using the Golden Gate cloning system. DNA sequencing analysis revealed site-directed mutations at two target sites: gRNA1 and gRNA2. T1 mutant plants with a 1-bp insertion in BrVRN1 exhibited late flowering after the vernalization. Additionally, we identified ‘transgene-free’ BrVRN1 mutant plants without any transgenic elements from the GE1 (gene-editing 1) and GE2 generations. All GE2 mutant plants contained successful edits in two out of three BrVRN1 orthologs and displayed delayed flowering time. In GE2 mutant plants, the floral repressor gene FLC1 was expressed during vernalization; but the floral integrator gene FT was not expressed after vernalization. Taken together, our data indicate that the BrVRN1 genes act as negative regulators of FLC1 expression during vernalization in Chinese cabbage, raising the possibility that the ‘transgene-free’ mutants of BrVRN1 developed in this study may serve as useful genetic resources for crop improvement with respect to flowering time regulation.

scholarly journals Fused Graphical Lasso Recovers Flowering Time Mutation Genes in Arabidopsis Thaliana

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Rajan Kapoor ◽  
Aniruddha Datta ◽  
Michael Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Model Plant ◽  
Graphical Lasso ◽  
Analysis Strategy ◽  
Model Plant Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Beneficial Traits ◽  
Delayed Flowering

Conventional breeding approaches that focus on yield under highly favorable nutrient conditions have resulted in reduced genetic and trait diversity in crops. Under the growing threat from climate change, the mining of novel genes in more resilient varieties can help dramatically improve trait improvement efforts. In this work, we propose the use of the joint graphical lasso for discovering genes responsible for desired phenotypic traits. We prove its efficiency by using gene expression data for wild type and delayed flowering mutants for the model plant. Arabidopsis thaliana shows that it recovers the mutation causing genes LNK1 and LNK2. Some novel interactions of these genes were also predicted. Observing the network level changes between two phenotypes can also help develop meaningful biological hypotheses regarding the novel functions of these genes. Now that this data analysis strategy has been validated in a model plant, it can be extended to crop plants to help identify the key genes for beneficial traits for crop improvement.

scholarly journals Florigen governs shoot regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaarit Kutsher ◽  
Michal Fisler ◽  
Adi Faigenboim ◽  
Moshe Reuveni
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Regeneration Capacity ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Tobacco Leaves ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Delayed Flowering

AbstractIt is widely known that during the reproductive stage (flowering), plants do not root well. Most protocols of shoot regeneration in plants utilize juvenile tissue. Adding these two realities together encouraged us to study the role of florigen in shoot regeneration. Mature tobacco tissue that expresses the endogenous tobacco florigen mRNA regenerates poorly, while juvenile tissue that does not express the florigen regenerates shoots well. Inhibition of Nitric Oxide (NO) synthesis reduced shoot regeneration as well as promoted flowering and increased tobacco florigen level. In contrast, the addition of NO (by way of NO donor) to the tissue increased regeneration, delayed flowering, reduced tobacco florigen mRNA. Ectopic expression of florigen genes in tobacco or tomato decreased regeneration capacity significantly. Overexpression pear PcFT2 gene increased regeneration capacity. During regeneration, florigen mRNA was not changed. We conclude that florigen presence in mature tobacco leaves reduces roots and shoots regeneration and is the possible reason for the age-related decrease in regeneration capacity.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of the Histone Deacetylase Gene Family in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa): From Evolution and Expression Pattern to Functional Analysis of BraHDA3

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Seung Hee Eom ◽  
Tae Kyung Hyun
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Lysine Residues

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are known as erasers that remove acetyl groups from lysine residues in histones. Although plant HDACs play essential roles in physiological processes, including various stress responses, our knowledge concerning HDAC gene families and their evolutionary relationship remains limited. In Brassica rapa genome, we identified 20 HDAC genes, which are divided into three major groups: RPD3/HDA1, HD2, and SIR2 families. In addition, seven pairs of segmental duplicated paralogs and one pair of tandem duplicated paralogs were identified in the B. rapa HDAC (BraHDAC) family, indicating that segmental duplication is predominant for the expansion of the BraHDAC genes. The expression patterns of paralogous gene pairs suggest a divergence in the function of BraHDACs under various stress conditions. Furthermore, we suggested that BraHDA3 (homologous of Arabidopsis HDA14) encodes the functional HDAC enzyme, which can be inhibited by Class I/II HDAC inhibitor SAHA. As a first step toward understanding the epigenetic responses to environmental stresses in Chinese cabbage, our results provide a solid foundation for functional analysis of the BraHDAC family.

scholarly journals Orchid Bsister gene PeMADS28 displays conserved function in ovule integument development

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Yu Shen ◽  
You-Yi Chen ◽  
Ke-Wei Liu ◽  
Hsiang-Chia Lu ◽  
Song-Bin Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Protein Interaction ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Complementation Test ◽  
Ovule Development ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Silique Length

AbstractThe ovules and egg cells are well developed to be fertilized at anthesis in many flowering plants. However, ovule development is triggered by pollination in most orchids. In this study, we characterized the function of a Bsister gene, named PeMADS28, isolated from Phalaenopsis equestris, the genome-sequenced orchid. Spatial and temporal expression analysis showed PeMADS28 predominantly expressed in ovules between 32 and 48 days after pollination, which synchronizes with integument development. Subcellular localization and protein–protein interaction analyses revealed that PeMADS28 could form a homodimer as well as heterodimers with D-class and E-class MADS-box proteins. In addition, ectopic expression of PeMADS28 in Arabidopsis thaliana induced small curled rosette leaves, short silique length and few seeds, similar to that with overexpression of other species’ Bsister genes in Arabidopsis. Furthermore, complementation test revealed that PeMADS28 could rescue the phenotype of the ABS/TT16 mutant. Together, these results indicate the conserved function of BsisterPeMADS28 associated with ovule integument development in orchid.

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