Economic and management value of weed maps at harvest in semi-arid cropping systems of the US Pacific Northwest

The present study was carried out in three districts viz; Rewari, Sirsa and Hisar of Haryana state. A survey of 60 sampled farms was conducted to extract information pertaining to various expenses incurred in cultivation of castor and output attained as well as to ascertain the perception of farmers for various problems encountered in production and marketing of castor seed. The descriptive analysis was employed to draw valid inferences from the study. The results revealed that net profit accrued from cultivation of castor seed was ₹ 46331 ha -1 in the study area. The value of B: C ratio of castor cultivation was more than one and also higher as compared to prevalent cropping systems indicated that cultivation of castor seed is economical viable entity. However, production constraints like retention of F2 seed in the field over year, grain scattering, shortage of irrigation water, frost effect on crop yield and marketing constraints like absence of MSP, higher transportation cost sale of castor seed in distant markets, frequent fluctuation in market price, non-availability of processing units were observed.

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Yield and water use efficiencies of maize and cowpea as affected by tillage and cropping systems in semi-arid Eastern Kenya

Agricultural Water Management ◽

10.1016/j.agwat.2012.09.002 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 115 ◽

pp. 148-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

J.M. Miriti ◽

G. Kironchi ◽

A.O. Esilaba ◽

L.K. Heng ◽

C.K.K. Gachene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Use ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Water Use Efficiencies ◽

Semi Arid

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Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics in Semi-Arid Irrigated Cropping Systems

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11030484 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 484

Author(s):

Andrew M. Bierer ◽

April B. Leytem ◽

Robert S. Dungan ◽

Amber D. Moore ◽

David L. Bjorneberg

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Empirical Data ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

C Sequestration ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Dndc Model ◽

Application Timing ◽

Winter Triticale ◽

Semi Arid

Insufficient characterization of soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics in semi-arid climates contributes uncertainty to SOC sequestration estimates. This study estimated changes in SOC (0–30 cm depth) due to variations in manure management, tillage regime, winter cover crop, and crop rotation in southern Idaho (USA). Empirical data were used to drive the Denitrification Decomposition (DNDC) model in a “default” and calibrated capacity and forecast SOC levels until 2050. Empirical data indicates: (i) no effect (p = 0.51) of winter triticale on SOC after 3 years; (ii) SOC accumulation (0.6 ± 0.5 Mg ha–1 year–1) under a rotation of corn-barley-alfalfax3 and no change (p = 0.905) in a rotation of wheat-potato-barley-sugarbeet; (iii) manure applied annually at rate 1X is not significantly different (p = 0.75) from biennial application at rate 2X; and (iv) no significant effect of manure application timing (p = 0.41, fall vs. spring). The DNDC model simulated empirical SOC and biomass C measurements adequately in a default capacity, yet specific issues were encountered. By 2050, model forecasting suggested: (i) triticale cover resulted in SOC accrual (0.05–0.27 Mg ha–1 year–1); (ii) when manure is applied, conventional tillage regimes are favored; and (iii) manure applied treatments accrue SOC suggesting a quadratic relationship (all R2 > 0.85 and all p < 0.0001), yet saturation behavior was not realized when extending the simulation to 2100. It is possible that under very large C inputs that C sequestration is favored by DNDC which may influence “NetZero” C initiatives.

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Inaccuracies in survey reporting of alcohol consumption

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-019-7987-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Conor Gilligan ◽

Kristen G. Anderson ◽

Benjamin O. Ladd ◽

Yun Ming Yong ◽

Michael David

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

College Students ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Survey Data ◽

Pacific Northwest ◽

Accurate Calculation ◽

Standard Drink ◽

Web Based ◽

The Us ◽

Serving Sizes

Abstract Background Alcohol consumption estimates in public health predominantly rely on self-reported survey data which is likely to underestimate consumption volume. Surveys tend to ask specifically about standard drinks and provide a definition or guide in an effort to gather accurate estimates. This study aimed to investigate whether the inclusion of the term standard drinks with pictorial guide is associated with an adjustment in self-reported alcohol volume. Methods A web-based survey was administered with AUDIT-C questions repeated at the beginning and end of the survey with and without the standard drink term and guide. The order in which respondents were presented with the different question types was randomised. Two cohorts of university/college students in NSW Australia (n = 122) and the US Pacific Northwest (n = 285) completed the survey online. Results Australian students did not adjust their responses to questions with and without the standard drink term and pictorial guide. The US students were more likely to adjust their responses based on the detail of the question asked. Those US students who drank more frequently and in greater volume were less likely to adjust/apply a conversion to their consumption. Conclusions This study supports previous findings of the inaccuracy of alcohol consumption volume in surveys, but also demonstrates that an assumption of underestimation cannot be applied to all individual reports of consumption. Using additional questions to better understand drink types and serving sizes is a potential approach to enable accurate calculation of underestimation in survey data.

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Radiocarbon Calibration around AD 1900 from Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris) tree rings from Northern Norway

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/rdc.2019.99 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 61 (6) ◽

pp. 1775-1784

Author(s):

Helene Svarva ◽

Pieter Grootes ◽

Martin Seiler ◽

Terje Thun ◽

Einar Værnes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pinus Sylvestris ◽

Pacific Northwest ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Tree Rings ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Pacific Coast ◽

Northern Norway ◽

Pine Tree ◽

The Pacific ◽

The Us

ABSTRACTTo resolve an inconsistency around AD 1895 between radiocarbon (14C) measurements on oak from the British Isles and Douglas fir and Sitka spruce from the Pacific Northwest, USA, we measured the 14C content in single-year tree rings from a Scots pine tree (Pinus sylvestris L.), which grew in a remote location in Saltdal, northern Norway. The dataset covers the period AD 1864–1937 and its results are in agreement with measurements from the US Pacific coast around 1895. The most likely explanation for older ages in British oak in this period seems to be 14C depletion associated with the combustion of fossil fuels.

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Comparative effectiveness of cattle manure, poultry manure, phosphocompost and fertilizer-NPK on three cropping systems in vertisols of semi-arid tropics. I. Crop yields and system performance

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2004.02.011 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 95 (1) ◽

pp. 77-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

P.K Ghosh ◽

P Ramesh ◽

K.K Bandyopadhyay ◽

A.K Tripathi ◽

K.M Hati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

System Performance ◽

Comparative Effectiveness ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Semi Arid

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Nitrogen use in maize-grain legume cropping systems in semi-arid Kenya

Biology and Fertility of Soils ◽

10.1007/bf00307842 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 57-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

C. J. Pilbeam ◽

M. Wood ◽

P. G. Mugane

Keyword(s):

Cropping Systems ◽

Grain Legume ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Maize Grain ◽

Semi Arid

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