Assessment of the Effects of Environmental Concentrations of Microplastics on the Aquatic Snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum

AbstractMicroplastics are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems. They can be found at the surface, in the water column, and in sediments. Multiple negative impacts of microplastics on aquatic organisms have been reported, with most studies focusing on marine ecosystems. However, the effects of microplastics on freshwater ecosystems have been less studied, with a few studies focusing on benthic invertebrates. In this study, we exposed the New Zealand mud snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray, 1843) to an environmental range of concentrations of polystyrene microparticles (size range from 0.01 to 514 µm at 100, 500, and 1000 mg microplastics/kg dry weight (dw) of sediment) and two supra-environmental concentrations (2000 and 4000 mg/kg dw sediment). The impacts of the exposure to microplastics on mortality, behavior, and reproduction were assessed at long-term exposure (31 days). Mortality and reproduction were not significantly affected by microplastics. On the contrary, most of the microplastic treatments altered the behavior, causing a significant increase in reaction time compared with controls (0 mg microplastics/kg dw sediment). The highest concentration (4000 mg/kg) did not have an impact on the reaction time over the experimental period compared with controls. To our knowledge, this study is the first to assess the effects of microplastics on the behavior of the aquatic snail P. antipodarum. Our results showed that at environmental concentrations, the behavior of P. antipodarum was the most sensitive variable to the adverse effects of polystyrene microplastics.

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Acute and chronic effect of cyaniade on survival rate, behavior, and reproduction of Daphnia sp.

AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT ◽

10.35800/jasm.1.1.2013.1969 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 52 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Melky R Pattiwael ◽

Remy E. P Mangindaan ◽

Rudi Prabowo ◽

Inneke F. M Rumengan

Keyword(s):

Government Regulation ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Standard Test ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Zooplankton Organism ◽

Rate Behavior ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Reproduction Pattern ◽

Acute And Chronic Effects ◽

Ministerial Decree

Cyanide (CN) through leaching process in the gold processing could produce tailings that have negative impacts on the aquatic environment. To determine the acute and chronic effects of cyanide on aquatic organisms, toxicity tests have been conducted in the laboratory using Daphnia sp.This zooplankton organism is recommended by APHA as standard test animals. In this study the test concentrations refer to the Ministerial Decree No. 202 of 2004 and Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001. Cyanide was analyzed as free CN and WADS CN. The result of acute toxicity test using cyanide solution showed that Daphnia could survive a maximum concentration of 0.2 ppm. LC50 values for 24 and 72 hours were 0,59 mg/L and 0,10 mg/l, respectively. The LT50 was found at 42 hours. Daphnia sp. produced different numbers of offspring at different CN concentrations, and changed their reproduction pattern from parthenogenesis to sexual reproduction after exposure to a cyanide concentration of 0.1 ppm for 24 hours© Sianida (CN) melalui proses leaching dalam proses pengolahan emas menghasilkan limbah yang dapat memberi dampak negatif bagi lingkungan perairan. Untuk mengetahui sampai seberapa jauh CN dapat memberi efek akut dan kronis terhadap biota air, telah dilakukan uji toksisitas di laboratorium dengan menggunakan Daphnia sp. Zooplankton ini direkomendasikan oleh APHA sebagai salah satu hewan uji standar. Dalam penelitian ini konsentrasi uji yang dipakai mengacu pada peraturan yang berlaku, yaitu Keputusan Menteri No. 202, Tahun 2004, dan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 82, Tahun 2001. Analisis sianida yang dihitung adalah nilai free CN dan WADS CN. Hasil penelitian uji toksisitas akut dengan menggunakan larutan sianida didapati Daphnia mampu bertahan hidup sampai pada konsentrasi 0,2 ppm dan nilai LC50 berada pada konsentarsi 0,1 ppm serta LT50 pada jam ke 42. Hasil uji efek kronis, Daphnia sp. menghasilkan jumlah anakan yang berbeda pada konsentrasi CN yang berlainan, dan mengalami perubahan pola reproduksi dari partenogenesis menjadi seksual setelah dipaparkan pada kosentrasi sianida 0,1 ppm selama 24 jam©

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On the Health Benefits vs. Risks of Seaweeds and Their Constituents: The Curious Case of the Polymer Paradigm

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19030164 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 164

Author(s):

João Cotas ◽

Diana Pacheco ◽

Glacio Souza Araujo ◽

Ana Valado ◽

Alan T. Critchley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brown Seaweed ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Sargassum Muticum ◽

Human Nutrition ◽

Health Impacts ◽

Gracilaria Gracilis ◽

Red Seaweeds ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Biomedical Potential

To exploit the nutraceutical and biomedical potential of selected seaweed-derived polymers in an economically viable way, it is necessary to analyze and understand their quality and yield fluctuations throughout the seasons. In this study, the seasonal polysaccharide yield and respective quality were evaluated in three selected seaweeds, namely the agarophyte Gracilaria gracilis, the carrageenophyte Calliblepharis jubata (both red seaweeds) and the alginophyte Sargassum muticum (brown seaweed). It was found that the agar synthesis of G. gracilis did not significantly differ with the seasons (27.04% seaweed dry weight (DW)). In contrast, the carrageenan content in C. jubata varied seasonally, being synthesized in higher concentrations during the summer (18.73% DW). Meanwhile, the alginate synthesis of S. muticum exhibited a higher concentration (36.88% DW) during the winter. Therefore, there is a need to assess the threshold at which seaweed-derived polymers may have positive effects or negative impacts on human nutrition. Furthermore, this study highlights the three polymers, along with their known thresholds, at which they can have positive and/or negative health impacts. Such knowledge is key to recognizing the paradigm governing their successful deployment and related beneficial applications in humans.

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Gibberellic acid and nitrogen efficiently protect early seedlings growth stage from salt stress damage in Sorghum

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84713-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Adam Yousif Adam Ali ◽

Muhi Eldeen Hussien Ibrahim ◽

Guisheng Zhou ◽

Nimir Eltyb Ahmed Nimir ◽

Aboagla Mohammed Ibrahim Elsiddig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Soluble Protein ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Relative Water ◽

Emergence Percentage ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Stress Damage

AbstractSalinity one of environmental factor that limits the growth and productivity of crops. This research was done to investigate whether GA3 (0, 144.3, 288.7 and 577.5 μM) and nitrogen fertilizer (0, 90 and 135 kg N ha−1) could mitigate the negative impacts of NaCl (0, 100, and 200 mM NaCl) on emergence percentage, seedling growth and some biochemical parameters. The results showed that high salinity level decreased emergence percentage, seedling growth, relative water content, chlorophyll content (SPAD reading), catalase (CAT) and peroxide (POD), but increased soluble protein content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The SOD activity was decreased by nitrogen. However, the other measurements were increased by nitrogen. The interactive impact between nitrogen and salinity was significant in most parameters except EP, CAT and POD. The seedling length, dry weight, fresh weight, emergence percentage, POD, soluble protein and chlorophyll content were significantly affected by the interaction between GA3 and salinity. The GA3 and nitrogen application was successful mitigating the adverse effects of salinity. The level of 144.3 and 288.7 μm GA3 and the rate of 90 and 135 kg N ha−1 were most effective on many of the attributes studied. Our study suggested that GA3 and nitrogen could efficiently protect early seedlings growth from salinity damage.

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Consumption of the invasive New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) by benthivorous predators in temperate lakes: a case study from Lithuania

Hydrobiologia ◽

10.1007/s10750-016-2733-7 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 775 (1) ◽

pp. 213-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vytautas Rakauskas ◽

Rokas Butkus ◽

Evelina Merkytė

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Potamopyrgus Antipodarum ◽

Temperate Lakes ◽

Mud Snail ◽

New Zealand Mud Snail

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Calcium interacts with temperature to influence Daphnia movement rates

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.160537 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (12) ◽

pp. 160537 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Gustavo S. Betini ◽

Jordan Roszell ◽

Andreas Heyland ◽

John M. Fryxell

Keyword(s):

Water Chemistry ◽

Calcium Concentration ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Freshwater Ecosystems ◽

Environmental Stressors ◽

Ecosystem Dynamics ◽

Movement Rates ◽

Projected Changes

Predicting the ecological responses to climate change is particularly challenging, because organisms might be affected simultaneously by the synergistic effects of multiple environmental stressors. Global warming is often accompanied by declining calcium concentration in many freshwater ecosystems. Although there is growing evidence that these changes in water chemistry and thermal conditions can influence ecosystem dynamics, little information is currently available about how these synergistic environmental stressors could influence the behaviour of aquatic organisms. Here, we tested whether the combined effects of calcium and temperature affect movement parameters (average speed, mean turning frequency and mean-squared displacement) of the planktonic Daphnia magna , using a full factorial design and exposing Daphnia individuals to a range of realistic levels of temperature and calcium concentration. We found that movement increased with both temperature and calcium concentration, but temperature effects became considerably weaker when individuals were exposed to calcium levels close to survival limits documented for several Daphnia species, signalling a strong interaction effect. These results support the notion that changes in water chemistry might have as strong an effect as projected changes in temperature on movement rates of Daphnia , suggesting that even sublethal levels of calcium decline could have a considerable impact on the dynamics of freshwater ecosystems.

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Potential impacts to freshwater ecosystems caused by flow regime alteration under changing climate conditions in Taiwan

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/hessd-5-3005-2008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 3005-3032 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J.-P. Suen

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Flow Regime ◽

River Flow ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Freshwater Ecosystems ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Regime Changes ◽

Changing Climate ◽

Extreme Flood ◽

Precautionary Measures

Abstract. Observed increases in the Earth's surface temperature bring with them associated changes in precipitation and atmospheric moisture that consequentially alter river flow regimes. This paper uses the Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration approach to examine climate-induced flow regime changes that can potentially affect freshwater ecosystems. Analyses of the annual extreme water conditions at 23 gauging stations throughout Taiwan reveal large alterations in recent years; extreme flood and drought events were more frequent in the period after 1991 than from 1961–1990, and the frequency and duration of the flood and drought events also show high fluctuation. Climate change forecasts suggest that such flow regime alterations are going to continue into the foreseeable future. Aquatic organisms not only feel the effects of anthropogenic damage to river systems, but they also face on-going threats of thermal and flow regime alterations associated with climate change. This paper calls attention to the issue, so that water resources managers can take precautionary measures that reduce the cumulative effects from anthropogenic influence and changing climate conditions.

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Interactions Between the Invasive New Zealand Mudsnail (Potamopyrgus Antipodarum) and a Native Snail (Fossaria Bakerilymnaea Bulimoides Group) in the Greater Yeelowstone

The UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports ◽

10.13001/uwnpsrc.2011.3815 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 161-170

Author(s):

Heather Thon ◽

Amy Krist

Keyword(s):

Invasive Species ◽

New Zealand ◽

American West ◽

Biological Diversity ◽

Potamopyrgus Antipodarum ◽

The Past ◽

Conservation Concern ◽

And Function ◽

New Zealand Mud Snail ◽

The Impact

Understanding invasive species impacts is critical to determining how an ecosystem may function after an introduction. Invasive species can alter the structure and function of ecosystems, reduce biological diversity, and alter communities through predation, facilitation and competition. In the past 30 years, the invasive New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) has established in areas of conservation concern in the American West including Yellowstone National Park. To develop a greater understanding of the impact of P. antipodarum on the native co-occurring snail, Fossaria (Bakerilymnaea) bulimoides group, we conducted two experiments to assess the interactions occurring between these snails. We found that F. bulimoides growth was reduced by all interactors, but especially by P. antipodarum. In addition, growth of F. bulimoides was much more affected by high biomass of snails than P. antipodarum. P. antipodarum grew more in the presence of interactors and their growth was facilitated by the presence of the native snail F. bulimoides.

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