scholarly journals Synergistic and concentration-dependent toxicity of multiple heavy metals compared with single heavy metals in Conocarpus lancifolius

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Redha ◽  
Redha Al-Hasan ◽  
Mohammad Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Plant Toxicity ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Multiple Heavy Metals ◽  
Translocation Factors

AbstractWhile heavy metals (HMs) naturally occur in soil, anthropogenic activities can increase the level of these toxic elements. Conocarpus lancifolius Engl. (Combretaceae) was investigated as a potential phytoremediator of soils contaminated with HM containing crude oil. This study assessed the potential of C. lancifolius (CL), a locally available plant species in Kuwait, for resolving local issues of the HM-contaminated soils. The absorption, accumulation, and distribution of three toxic HMs (Cd, Ni, and Pb) and essential metals (Fe, Mg, and metalloid Se) were examined, and their role in plant toxicity and tolerance was evaluated. Conocarpus lancifolius plants were exposed to two different concentrations of single and mixed HMs for 30 days. The accumulation of HMs was determined in the roots, leaves, stems, and the soil using ICP/MS. Biomass, soil pH, proline and protein content, and bioaccumulation, extraction, and translocation factors were measured. The bioaccumulation, extraction, and transcription factors were all >1, indicating CC is a hyperaccumulator of HM. The HM accumulation in CL was concentration-dependent and depended on whether the plants were exposed to individual or mixed HMs. The C.C leaves, stems, and roots showed a significant accumulation of antioxidant constituents, such as proline, protein, Fe, Mg, and Se. There was an insignificant increase in the soil pH, and a decrease in plant biomass and a significant increase in protein, and osmoprotective-proline as a result of the interaction of mixed heavy metals that are more toxic than single heavy metals. This study indicates that C. lancifolius is a good candidate for phytoremediation of multiple HM-contaminated soils. Further studies to establish the phyto-physiological effect of multiple heavy metals are warranted.

scholarly journals Effects of Heavy Metals/Metalloids and Soil Properties on Microbial Communities in Farmland in the Vicinity of a Metals Smelter

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuewu Hu ◽  
Jianlei Wang ◽  
Ying Lv ◽  
Xingyu Liu ◽  
Juan Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Multiple Heavy Metals

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in biogeochemical cycling and are highly sensitive to environmental factors, including the physiochemical properties of the soils and the concentrations of heavy metals/metalloids. In this study, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to study the microbial communities of farmland soils in farmland in the vicinity of a lead–zinc smelter. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Gemmatimonadetes were the predominant phyla in the sites of interest. Sphingomonas, Gemmatimonas, Lysobacter, Flavisolibacter, and Chitinophaga were heavy metal-/metalloid-tolerant microbial groups with potential for bioremediation of the heavy metal/metalloid contaminated soils. However, the bacterial diversity was different for the different sites. The contents of heavy metal/metalloid species and the soil properties were studied to evaluate the effect on the soil bacterial communities. The Mantel test revealed that soil pH, total cadmium (T-Cd), and available arsenic played a vital role in determining the structure of the microbial communities. Further, we analyzed statistically the heavy metals/metalloids and the soil properties, and the results revealed that the microbial richness and diversity were regulated mainly by the soil properties, which correlated positively with organic matter and available nitrogen, while available phosphorus and available potassium were negatively correlated. The functional annotation of the prokaryotic taxa (FAPROTAX) method was used to predict the function of the microbial communities. Chemoheterotrophy and airborne chemoheterotrophy of the main microbial community functions were inhibited by soil pH and the heavy metals/metalloids, except in the case of available lead. Mantel tests revealed that T-Cd and available zinc were the dominant factors affecting the functions of the microbial communities. Overall, the research indicated that in contaminated soils, the presence of multiple heavy metals/metalloids, and the soil properties synergistically shaped the structure and function of the microbial communities.

scholarly journals Fractionation of Heavy Metals in Multi-Contaminated Soil Treated with Biochar Using the Sequential Extraction Procedure

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
Mahrous Awad ◽  
Zhongzhen Liu ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Eldessoky S. Dessoky ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Heavy metals (HMs) toxicity represents a global problem depending on the soil environment’s geochemical forms. Biochar addition safely reduces HMs mobile forms, thus, reducing their toxicity to plants. While several studies have shown that biochar could significantly stabilize HMs in contaminated soils, the study of the relationship of soil properties to potential mechanisms still needs further clarification; hence the importance of assessing a naturally contaminated soil amended, in this case with Paulownia biochar (PB) and Bamboo biochar (BB) to fractionate Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu using short sequential fractionation plans. The relationship of soil pH and organic matter and its effect on the redistribution of these metals were estimated. The results indicated that the acid-soluble metals decreased while the fraction bound to organic matter increased compared to untreated pots. The increase in the organic matter metal-bound was mostly at the expense of the decrease in the acid extractable and Fe/Mn bound ones. The highest application of PB increased the organically bound fraction of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu (62, 61, 34, and 61%, respectively), while the BB increased them (61, 49, 42, and 22%, respectively) over the control. Meanwhile, Fe/Mn oxides bound represents the large portion associated with zinc and copper. Concerning soil organic matter (SOM) and soil pH, as potential tools to reduce the risk of the target metals, a significant positive correlation was observed with acid-soluble extractable metal, while a negative correlation was obtained with organic matter-bound metal. The principal component analysis (PCA) shows that the total variance represents 89.7% for the TCPL-extractable and HMs forms and their relation to pH and SOM, which confirms the positive effect of the pH and SOM under PB and BB treatments on reducing the risk of the studied metals. The mobility and bioavailability of these metals and their geochemical forms widely varied according to pH, soil organic matter, biochar types, and application rates. As an environmentally friendly and economical material, biochar emphasizes its importance as a tool that makes the soil more suitable for safe cultivation in the short term and its long-term sustainability. This study proves that it reduces the mobility of HMs, their environmental risks and contributes to food safety. It also confirms that performing more controlled experiments, such as a pot, is a disciplined and effective way to assess the suitability of different types of biochar as soil modifications to restore HMs contaminated soil via controlling the mobilization of these minerals.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Phytoremediation Potential of Castor Cultivars for Heavy Metals from Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. KHAN ◽  
N. AHMED ◽  
W. HASSAN ◽  
T. SABA ◽  
S. KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: Phytoremediation is a useful tool to restore heavy metals contaminated soils. This study was carried out to test two castor (Ricinus communis) cultivars [Local and DS-30] for phytoextraction of heavy metals from the soil spiked by known concentrations of seven metals (Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn). A pot experiment was laid out by using a completely randomized design. Soil and plant samples were analyzed at 100 days after planting. The data on heavy metal uptake by plant tissues (roots, leaves and shoots) of the two castor cultivars suggested that a considerable amount of metals (Fe = 27.18 mg L-1; Cu = 5.06 mg L-1; Cr = 2.95 mg L-1; Mn = 0.22 mg L-1; Ni = 4.66 mg L-1; Pb = 3.33 mg L-1; Zn = 15.04 mg L-1) was accumulated in the plant biomass. The soil heavy metal content at the end of experiment significantly decreased with both cultivars, resulting in improved soil quality. Therefore, it is concluded that both castor cultivars, Local and DS-30, can be used for phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated sites.

Risk Implications of Heavy Metal Contamination in Agricultural Soil and Crop Productivity

2018 ◽  
pp. 238-258
Author(s):  
Archana ◽  
Ajai Kumar Jaitly
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Lead Nickel

Heavy metals especially lead, nickel, cadmium, copper, cobalt, chromium and mercury are more toxic and chief contaminants of the environment. Agricultural soils in many parts of the world are slightly to moderately polluted with heavy metals due to increase in geologic and anthropogenic activities (use of phosphate fertilizers, sewage sludge application, dust from smelters, industrial waste). Plants growing on these contaminated soils showed toxicity symptoms that results in reduce growth and activity which declined the productivity and posing threats to agro-ecosystems. They put plants under stress and affect their physiology. In this chapter, we have summarized the effects of heavy metals on plants including both symptoms and productivity.

scholarly journals Use of phytoremediation and biochar to remediate heavy metal polluted soils: a review

Solid Earth ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Paz-Ferreiro ◽  
H. Lu ◽  
S. Fu ◽  
A. Méndez ◽  
G. Gascó
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Environmental Technologies ◽  
The Cost

Abstract. Anthropogenic activities are resulting in an increase of the use and extraction of heavy metals. Heavy metals cannot be degraded and hence accumulate in the environment, having the potential to contaminate the food chain. This pollution threatens soil quality, plant survival and human health. The remediation of heavy metals deserves attention, but it is impaired by the cost of these processes. Phytoremediation and biochar are two sound environmental technologies which could be at the forefront to mitigate soil pollution. This review provides an overview of the state of the art of the scientific research on phytoremediation and biochar application to remediate heavy-metal-contaminated soils. Research to date has attempted only in a limited number of occasions to combine both techniques, however we discuss the potential advantages of combining both, and the potential mechanisms involved in the interaction between phytoremediators and biochar. We identified specific research needs to ensure a sustainable use of phytoremediation and biochar as remediation tools.

scholarly journals Hazardous Heavy Metals Accumulation and Health Risk Assessment of Different Vegetable Species in Contaminated Soils from a Typical Mining City, Central China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2617
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Jianguo Bao ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Haseeb Tufail Moryani ◽  
Wei Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Central China ◽  
Crop Species

Heavy metal poisoning has caused serious and widespread human tragedies via the food chain. To alleviate heavy metal pollution, particular attention should be paid to low accumulating vegetables and crops. In this study, the concentrations of five hazardous heavy metals (HMs), including copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) were determined from soils, vegetables, and crops near four typical mining and smelting zones. Nemerow’s synthetical pollution index (Pn), Potential ecological risk index (RI), and Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) were used to characterize the pollution degrees. The results showed that soils near mining and metal smelting zones were heavily polluted by Cu, Cd, As, and Pb. The total excessive rate followed a decreasing order of Cd (80.00%) > Cu (61.11%) > As (45.56%) > Pb (32.22%) > Cr (0.00%). Moreover, sources identification indicated that Cu, Pb, Cd, and As may originate from anthropogenic activities, while Cr may originate from parent materials. The exceeding rates of Cu, Cr, Pb, Cd, and As were 6.7%, 6.7%, 66.7%, 80.0%, and 26.7% among the vegetable and crop species, respectively. Particularly, vegetables like tomatoes, bell peppers, white radishes, and asparagus, revealed low accumulation characteristics. In addition, the hazard index (HI) for vegetables and crops of four zones was greater than 1, revealing a higher risk to the health of local children near the mine and smelter. However, the solanaceous fruit has a low-risk index (HI), indicating that it is a potentially safe vegetable type.

scholarly journals Heavy metals in contaminated soil: source, accumulation, health risk and remediation process

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
A. Abdullahi ◽  
M. A. Lawal ◽  
A. M. Salisu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Automobile Emissions ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Scale Down ◽  
Global Concern

Heavy metals contamination of soil is an issue of global concern that ultimately results in toxicity and diseases in humans and animals through consumption of food crops from contaminated soil. The toxic effects of these metals, even though they do not have any biological role, remain present in some or the other form harmful for the human body and its proper functioning. Heavy metals in the soil refers to some significant heavy metals of biological toxicity, including Cobalt (Co), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Chromium (Cr), and Arsenic (As) etc. With the development of the global economy, both type and content of heavy metals in the soil caused by indiscriminate use for human purposes has altered their geochemical cycles and biochemical balance. There are many known sources of harmful metals, including the earth, which releases them into food, air, and water, and anthropogenic activities, such as the application of fertilizer in agriculture, the use of pesticides and herbicides, and irrigation. Other sources are automobile emissions, paints, cigarette smoking, industries, and sewage and waste disposal. This review gives details about some heavy metals their toxicity, bioaccumulation, biodegradation, mobility and solubility in contaminated soil along with their health effects. Remediation of heavy metal in contaminated soils is necessary to reduce the associated risks, make the available soil safe for agricultural production, enhance food security and scale down land tenure problems arising from changes in the land use pattern the review recommends regular monitoring of heavy metals in soil, vegetables and foodstuffs to prevent excessive accrual in food chain.

Changes in soil pH and mobility of heavy metals in contaminated soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Kicińska ◽  
Radosław Pomykała ◽  
Miguel Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Contaminated Soils

scholarly journals Use of phytoremediation and biochar to remediate heavy metal polluted soils: a review

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 2155-2179 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Paz-Ferreiro ◽  
H. Lu ◽  
S. Fu ◽  
A. Méndez ◽  
G. Gascó
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current State ◽  
Environmental Technologies ◽  
The Cost

Abstract. Anthropogenic activities are resulting in an increase on the use and extraction of heavy metals. Heavy metals cannot be degraded and hence accumulate in the environment having the potential to contaminate the food chain. This pollution threatens soil quality, plant survival and human health. The remediation of heavy metals deserves attention, but it is impaired by the cost of these processes. Phytoremediation and biochar are two sound environmental technologies which could be at the forefront to mitigate soil pollution. This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge phytoremediation and biochar application to remediate heavy metal contaminated soils, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of both individual approaches. Research to date has attempted only in a limited number of occasions to combine both techniques, however we discuss the potential advantages of combining both remediation techniques and the potential mechanisms involved in the interaction between phytoremediators and biochar. We identified specific research needs to ensure a sustainable use of phytoremediation and biochar as remediation tools.

scholarly journals Fate of some heavy metals in soils: a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehi Robert Orhue ◽  
Uzu Ogbonnaya Frank
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Factors ◽  
Weathering Processes ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Living Things

This review revealed that heavy metals are naturally components of the soil orchestrated by weathering processes and that the abundance of these metals in our soil environment nowadays is due to numerous anthropogenic activities. These heavy metals are in two major categories namely the essential and non- essential ones. The essential heavy metals are needed in trace amount by living things for their physiological processes. But at higher concentration, it is hazardous in plants and animals. On the other hand, the non essential ones aredangerous to plants and animals even at low concentrations. This write-up further showed that soil pH, organic carbon, available P, oxides, effective cation exchange capacity, moisture content, oxidation-reduction state of the metals, ion exchange and sorption capacity of the metals are some of the soil factors influencing the fate and availability of the heavy metals. At lower levels of these soil factors, heavy metal ions are rendered free in the solution thereby making them available to plant and underground water. However, the most prominent soil factor influencing availability of these metals is the Soil pH. Raising some of these soil factors to appropriate levels have been discovered to reduce the availability of the heavy metals to mankind.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document