A Nematode Crude Extract Acts as an Elicitor of the Nematocidal Activity of Nematophagous Fungi Liquid Culture Filtrates Against Haemonchus contortus (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae)

Haemonchosis is a parasitic disease of small ruminants that adversely affects livestock production. Haemonchus contortus is one of the most prevalent nematode parasites that infect the abomasum of small ruminants. This parasite reduces milk production, overall growth and sometimes causes the death of the infected animals. The evaluation of the biocontrol potential of some abomasum bacterial isolates against H. contortus is investigated in this study. Out of which, three isolates—Comamonas testosteroni, Comamonas jiangduensis, Pseudomonas weihenstephanesis—show significant effect against the nematode L3, adult, and egg hatch inhibition assays. Various concentrations of metabolites from these bacteria are prepared and applied in different treatments compared with control. In the case of adult mortality assay, 50% metabolites of C. testosteroni and P. weihenstephanesis show 46% adult mortality, whereas C. jiangduensis shows 40% mortality. It is observed that decreasing the concentration of bacterial metabolite, lowers nematode mortality. The minimum nematode mortality rate is recorded at the lowest filtrates concentration of all the bacterial isolates. The same trend is observed in egg hatch inhibition assay, where the higher concentration of bacterial culture filtrates shows 100% inhibition of H. contortus egg. It is concluded that the effect of bacterial culture filtrates against H. contortus is dose-dependent for their activity against nematode L3, adult, and inhibition of egg hatchment.

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The Liquid Culture Filtrates of Entomogenous fungus Paecilomyces tenuipes and Its Glycoprotein Constituent Protects against Anemia in Mice Treated with 5-Fluorouracil

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin ◽

10.1248/bpb.31.1565 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 31 (8) ◽

pp. 1565-1573 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Takanobu Takata ◽

Tomoaki Tanaka ◽

Nobuo Yahagi ◽

Remiko Yahagi ◽

Hideyuki Tsuchida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liquid Culture ◽

Entomogenous Fungus ◽

Culture Filtrates

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Reduction of Haemonchus contortus infective larvae by three nematophagous fungi in sheep faecal cultures

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/0304-4017(93)00646-g ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 197-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Pedro Mendoza-De Gives ◽

Victor M. Vazquez-Prats

Keyword(s):

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Infective Larvae

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In Vivo Trial of Combretum molle Stem Bark Crude Extract as Anthelminthic in Sheep

Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences ◽

10.36108/jvbs/8102.10.0140 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 26-33

Author(s):

M.K Simon

Keyword(s):

Crude Extract ◽

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽

Effective Control ◽

Indigenous Plants ◽

Combretum Molle ◽

Toxicological Studies ◽

Sheep Production

Gastrointestinal nematodes remain a major constrain to productivity of livestock including sheep. Ethno veterinary practices using a wide variety of indigenous plants have been employed for the effective control of these parasites. However, little is known in the application Combretum molle bark in the treatment of Haemonchosis. This study was therefore conducted to determine anthelminthic efficacy of crude extract of Combretum molle against experimental Haemonchus contortus infection in sheep in vivo. Eighteen (18) helminth free lambs were randomly divided into three groups (A, B and C) of six animals each and were artificially infected with 10,000 larvae of Haemonchus contortus. The lambs were treated orally 7 days post infection. Here, Group A was treated with crude extract of C. molle at 200 mg /kg, B with Albendazole at 200 mg /kg and C with water at 5 ml/kg. Anthelminthic activity was assessed by comparing the number of eggs recovered from the treated lambs. Results revealed that the mean fecal eggs output per gram for groups A, B and C after treatments were 716.67, 96.67 and 12080 respectively. The depolarization produced by C. molle was significant (p> 0.05). The results of this study supported the ancient uses of some of the tested plants in the treatment of intestinal helminthoses. Hence, the active crude of C. molle could be a potential source of anthelminthic agent against H. contortus of sheep. Further pharmacological and toxicological studies are required to establish their use in the sheep production industry..

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Anthelmintic Activity of Hymenodictyon pachyanta Stem Bark Extracts against Haemonchus Contortus

Folia Veterinaria ◽

10.2478/fv-2019-0016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 30-36

Author(s):

D. O. Olayemi ◽

M. M. Onakpa ◽

O. C. Jegede

Keyword(s):

Larval Development ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Parasitic Nematodes ◽

Egg Hatching ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract The development of host resistance to anthelmintics and the increasing cost of commercial anthelmintics have encouraged the need for the in vitro anthelmintic evaluation of crude extract and fractions of Hymenodictyon pachyanta plant as alternative drugs against Haemonchus contortus. H. contortus is one of the most prevalent and highly pathogenic parasitic nematodes in small ruminant farming globally. H. pachyanta stem bark is a prospective plant used by the local and indigenous farmers of Nsukka, Enugu state, Nigeria. The stem bark of H. pachyanta were collected, dried, pulverized and extracted with 80 % methanol. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro anthelmintic effects of these crude extract and fractions against H. contortus in sheep and goats. The two extracts (crude and fractions) of H. pachyanta were tested by the egg hatch assay (EHA) and the larval development inhibition assays (LDIA) and to compared the results with albendazole (as the positive control). The concentrations for the crude extract and albendazole used for this study were 0.78, 1.56, 3.125, 6.25 and 12.5 mg.ml−1. The results demonstrated that the crude extracts, fractions and albendazole all at the concentration doses of 12.5 mg.ml−1 produced 100 % inhibition of egg hatching and larval development. Statistically, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the mean percentage inhibition of egg hatching and larval development inhibition of the crude extracts and fractions when compared with albendazole. However, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed with n-butanol fraction which inhibited 96.17 % of egg hatchability. All of the extracts and albendazole showed ovicidal and larvicidal effects and were able to induce over 50 % of the egg hatching and mortality of larvae at the concentration ranges of 0.78—12.5 mg.ml−1. The results obtained from our study suggest that H. pachyanta had ovicidal and larvicidal activity against H. contortus and that the bioactive plants compounds responsible for this effect could be attributed to the presence of tannins, alkaloids and the saponins contained in the crude extracts.

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Fungal Antagonism Assessment of Predatory Species and Producers Metabolites and Their Effectiveness onHaemonchus contortusInfective Larvae

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/241582 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Manoel Eduardo Silva ◽

Fabio Ribeiro Braga ◽

Pedro Mendoza de Gives ◽

Jair Millán-Orozco ◽

Miguel Angel Mercado Uriostegui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Antagonistic Effect ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽

Clonostachys Rosea ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Fungal Isolates ◽

Show Evidence ◽

Fungal Antagonism

The objective of this study was to assess antagonism of nematophagous fungi and species producers metabolites and their effectiveness onHaemonchus contortusinfective larvae (L3). Assay A assesses the synergistic, additive, or antagonistic effect on the production of spores of fungal isolates of the speciesDuddingtonia flagrans,Clonostachys rosea,Trichoderma esau, andArthrobotrys musiformis; Assay B evaluates in vitro the effect of intercropping of these isolates grown in 2% water-agar (2% WA) on L3ofH. contortus.D. flagrans(Assay A) produced 5.3 × 106spores and associated withT. esau,A. musiformis, orC. roseareduced its production by 60.37, 45.28, and 49.05%, respectively.T. esauproduced 7.9 × 107conidia and associated withD. flagrans,A. musiformis, orC. roseareduced its production by 39.24, 82.27, and 96.96%, respectively.A. musiformisproduced 7.3 × 109spores and associated withD. flagrans,T. esau, orC. roseareduced its production by 99.98, 99.99, and 99.98%, respectively.C. roseaproduced 7.3 × 108conidia and associated withD. flagrans,T. esau, orA. musiformisreduced its production by 95.20, 96.84, and 93.56%, respectively. These results show evidence of antagonism in the production of spores between predators fungi.

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GROWTH OF CERATOCYSTIS ULMI (BUISMAN) C. MOREAU IN LIQUID CULTURE MEDIA

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b61-095 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 1087-1093 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Camilien Gagnon

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Liquid Culture ◽

Culture Media ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Nitrogen Compounds ◽

Liquid Media ◽

Culture Filtrates

Ceratocystis ulmi (Buism.) C. Moreau was grown in liquid media with four different nitrogen compounds, eight sugars, and four concentrations of glucose. The fungus was grown at room temperature in the dark as still cultures, and in daylight as still and as shake cultures. The pH of the culture filtrates appeared to be dependent on the sugar used as the main source of carbon. The dry weight of the fungus fluctuated regularly with age. This is shown to be independent of the factors investigated and has been attributed to autolysis of the fungus. Implications of the findings are discussed.

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Assessment of the nematocidal activity of metallocenyl analogues of monepantel

Dalton Transactions ◽

10.1039/c6dt03376h ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (44) ◽

pp. 17662-17671 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jeannine Hess ◽

Malay Patra ◽

Abdul Jabbar ◽

Vanessa Pierroz ◽

Sandro Konatschnig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Trichostrongylus Colubriformis ◽

Dependent Activity ◽

Nematocidal Activity

Ferrocenyl and ruthenocenyl analogues of the nematocidal drug monepantel show organometallic-dependent activity against Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis.

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