Evaluation of possible fraud in avocado oil-based products from the composition of fatty acids by GC-FID and lipid profile by ESI-MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2799-2812
Author(s):  
Adriela A. Rydlewski ◽  
Jessica S. Pizzo ◽  
Luciana P. Manin ◽  
Marília B. Galuch ◽  
Patrícia D. S. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Avocado Oil

scholarly journals Whey Isolation from Rejected Human Milk and Its Lipid Content Characterization by GC-FID and ESI-MS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloize Alves ◽  
Matheus Castro ◽  
Bruno Saqueti ◽  
Luciana Manin ◽  
Roberta da Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Fa Composition

The present work intends to obtain and characterize a milk by-product: the human whey (HW), in order to avoid the excessive disposal of human milk (HM). The characterization was performed through analyzes of the chemical composition and fatty acids (FAs) and the triacylglycerol (TAG) lipid profile. The results indicated that the chemical composition altered significantly after the HW obtained, except for the percentage of ash and carbohydrates. About the FA composition, it was observed that strictly essential FA, essential FA and other FAs found in HM remained present in HW. For the nutritional lipids quality, the atherogenicity and the thrombogenicity indices presented desirable values, and the TAGs lipid profile revealed a variation in the analyzed samples. Therefore, it can be concluded that the characterized HW has potential for application in isolated form or to be used as an ingredient in other foods.

scholarly journals Characterization, Quantification and Quality Assessment of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Oils

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Wang ◽  
Ping Yu ◽  
Amar G. Chittiboyina ◽  
Dilu Chen ◽  
Jianping Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Reference Standards ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Avocado Oil ◽  
Significant Difference

Avocado oil is prized for its high nutritional value due to the substantial amounts of triglycerides (TGs) and unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) present. While avocado oil is traditionally extracted from mature fruit flesh, alternative sources such as avocado seed oil have recently increased in popularity. Unfortunately, sufficient evidence is not available to support the claimed health benefit and safe use of such oils. To address potential quality issues and identify possible adulteration, authenticated avocado oils extracted from the fruit peel, pulp and seed by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), as well as commercial avocado pulp and seed oils sold in US market were analyzed for TGs and FAs in the present study. Characterization and quantification of TGs were conducted using UHPLC/ESI-MS. Thirteen TGs containing saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in avocado oils were unambiguously identified. Compared to traditional analytical methods, which are based only on the relative areas of chromatographic peaks neglecting the differences in the relative response of individual TG, our method improved the quantification of TGs by using the reference standards whenever possible or the reference standards with the same equivalent carbon number (ECN). To verify the precision and accuracy of the UHPLC/ESI-MS method, the hydrolysis and transesterification products of avocado oil were analyzed for fatty acid methyl esters using a GC/MS method. The concentrations of individual FA were calculated, and the results agreed with the UHPLC/ESI-MS method. Although chemical profiles of avocado oils from pulp and peel are very similar, a significant difference was observed for the seed oil. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on TG and FA compositional data allowed correct identification of individual avocado oil and detection of possible adulteration.

Serum Lipid Profile and Plasma Fatty Acids Levels in Hemodialysis Pediatric Patients-Possible Deficiency of Essential Fatty Acids

Kidney ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 316-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Fuad Elshamaa ◽  
Samar Mohamed Sabry ◽  
Eman Ahmed Elghoroury ◽  
Gamila Soliman El-Saaid ◽  
Dina Kandil
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Serum Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds in Sarcocornia and Arthrocnemum, Two Wild Halophilic Genera from the Iberian Peninsula

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2218
Author(s):  
Irene Sánchez-Gavilán ◽  
Esteban Ramírez Chueca ◽  
Vicenta de la Fuente García
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Coastal Marshes ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Tinto River ◽  
High Diversity

(1) Background: this study describes bioactive compounds in the following halophytes: Sarcocornia (S. alpini, S. pruinosa, and S. perennis) and Arthrocnemum (A. macrostachyum). The material comes from: coastal marshes in Tinto River, Guadiana River, and some interior provinces from the Iberian Peninsula. (2) Methods: the techniques used were Folin–Ciocalteu, GC-MS, and ESI-MS/MS. (3) Results: Five phenolic acids were found in Sarcocornia: trans-cinnamic, salicylic, veratric, coumaric, and caffeic acids. In addition, in Arthronemum, ferulic acid was also detected. The obtained flavonoids were cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside, luteolin-7-glucoside, dihydroquercetin, and p-coumaroyl-glucoside. They also presented fatty acids, such as palmitic, linoleic, and oleic acids in Sarcocornia, while palmitic, linolenic, and stearic acids were the main fatty acids in A. macrostachyum. (4) Conclusions: the high diversity of the compounds identified confirms the relation between nutritional interest and salt tolerance in halophytes.

scholarly journals The Obscure Effect of Tribulus terrestris Saponins Plus Inulin on Liver Morphology, Liver Fatty Acids, Plasma Glucose, and Lipid Profile in SD Rats with and without Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8680
Author(s):  
Kamila Misiakiewicz-Has ◽  
Dominika Maciejewska-Markiewicz ◽  
Sylwia Rzeszotek ◽  
Anna Pilutin ◽  
Agnieszka Kolasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Liver Morphology

Diabetes is a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There are data suggesting that Tribulus terrestris (TT) saponins act as antidiabetic agents and protect against NAFLD. The effect of saponins may be increased by fermentable fibers such as inulin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of TT saponins and TT saponins plus inulin on the plasma lipid profile and liver fatty acids of rats with induced diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). The study was performed on 36 male Sprague–Dawley rats divided into two main groups: control and diabetic. Animals of the diabetic (DM) group were fed a high-fat diet and injected with streptozotocin (low doses). Animals of the control group (nDM) were on a regular diet and were injected with buffer. After the injections, the animals were split into subgroups: three non-diabetic (nDM): (i) control (c-C); (ii) saponin-treated rats (C-Sap); (iii) rats treated with saponins + inulin (C-Sap + IN), and three diabetic subgroups (DM): (iv) control (c-DM); (v) saponin-treated rats (DM-Sap); (vi) rats treated with saponins + inulin (DM-Sap + IN). Liver fatty acids were extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography, and plasma glucose and lipids were measured. The study showed significant changes in liver morphology, liver fatty acids, plasma lipid profile, and plasma glucose. In summary, supplementation with TT saponins or saponins with inulin for one month decreased the level of steatosis in rats with induced type 2 diabetes. Moreover, there were favorable effects on the plasma lipid profile in the rats. However, additional supplementation with inulin had a negative effect on liver morphology (with a microvesicular type of steatosis) in the non-diabetes group. Moreover, supplementation with inulin had a negative effect on plasma glucose in both diabetic and non-diabetic rats. These data show that a diet enriched with fermentable fibers reveals different effects in different organisms, and not all sources and forms of fiber are beneficial to health.

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