scholarly journals First observation of true vivipary in Grindelia squarrosa (Asteraceae)

Biologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Pliszko ◽  
Artur Górecki
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
North American ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Germinated Seeds ◽  
Considerable Size

AbstractIn flowering plants, true vivipary is defined as the precocious seed germination and the growth of the embryo to a considerable size before dispersal. True vivipary occurs mostly in mangroves and is very rare in Asteraceae. In this study, we present the first observation of true vivipary in Grindelia squarrosa, a North American member of Asteraceae, from a new locality in Poland. We examined 50 fruiting capitula which were collected in October 2020 in Brzegi, southern Poland. True vivipary occurred in 90% of capitula; however, the number of germinated seeds was low (3.42 on average) and very variable (CV = 106%). Seed germination was found only in fruits developed from disc flowers. We presumed that precocious seed germination in G. squarrosa was induced by prolonged rainfall. The importance of true vivipary in naturalization and invasion of G. squarrosa as well as the involvement of viviparous seedlings in autochory should be further explored.

scholarly journals Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealing the potential mechanism of seed germination in Polygonatum cyrtonema

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Liu ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Jiayi Xing ◽  
Mei Du ◽  
Mingxiu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Flavonoid Synthesis ◽  
Germinated Seeds

AbstractPolygonatum cyrtonema Hua (Huangjing, HJ) has medicinal and edible value in China. However, the seeds of this plant are naturally difficult to germinate. Therefore, to elucidate the mechanism underlying the germination of this plant in order to meet the market demand, the metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were performed in this study. We observed that plant hormones and α-amylase activity were differentially regulated when comparing germinated and un-germinated seeds. In addition, the metabolites related to phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis were significantly up-accumulated in germinated seeds. Hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives and organic acids were observed to be significantly decreased during germination. The results of this study suggested that compared to un-germinated seeds, germinated seeds promote flavonoid synthesis and inhibit lignin synthesis which could be beneficial to the germination of HJ seeds. Furthermore, these results suggested that starch if hydrolyzed into glucose, which could provide the necessary energy for germination. Our results may help to establish a foundation for further research investigating the regulatory networks of seed germination and may facilitate the propagation of HJ seeds.

Influence of Heat on Seed Germination of Cistus Laurifolius and Cistus Ladanifer

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Valbuena ◽  
R Tarrega ◽  
E Luis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Cistus Ladanifer ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The influence of high temperatures on germination of Cistus laurifolius and Cistus ladanifer seeds was analyzed. Seeds were subjected to different temperatures for different times, afterwards they were sowed in plastic petri dishes and monitored for germinated seeds over two months.The germination rate observed in Cistus ldanifer was greater than in Cistus laurifolius. In both species, heat increased germination percentages. For Cistus laurifolius higher temperatures or longer exposure times were needed. Germination percentages of Cistus ladanifer were lower when heat exposure time was 15 minutes.It must be emphasized that germination occurred when seeds were not treated, while seeds exposed to 150�C for 5 minutes or more did not germinate.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE EXTRACT OF SOME CROPS AND SOIL RESIDUES ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Nielsen ◽  
W. B. Woods ◽  
T. F. Cuddy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Six plant species were germinated in sand wetted with water extracts of tissues of five field crops and three soils. Deionized water was used as a check f he study was conducted using standard seed germination techniques.Alter 7 to 10 days all of the germinated seeds were harvested and measurements made of the shoot and root lengths.Alfalfa extract caused the greatest reduction in shoot and root length as well as m percentage germination. It caused the greatest increase in the time required for germination. Timothy extract was not quite as harmful as the alfalfa. Extracts of oats, corn and potatoes were still less harmful with potato extract causing the least effect.The soil extracts generally had very little effect when compared with deionized water.Plant species showed marked differences in tolerance to the extracts alfalfa being the most resistant and timothy the least.Where water alone was used rate of germination and per cent germination were as high or higher than with the other extracts, but the root and shoot lengths were not always the greatest.

Effect of chitosan polymer and inoculated with B. japonicum on soybean germination survival of seedling, nodulation and bacteria viability on seeds

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costales Daimy ◽  
Nápoles M. C. ◽  
Falcón- C. Rodríguez ◽  
Alejandro González-Anta ◽  
Gustavoo Petit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Seed Survival ◽  
Storage Times ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Germinated Seeds ◽  
Soybean Nodulation

Chitosan is applied to stimulate seed germination and to extend in various crop species. The aim of this work was to evaluate a chitosan polymer on the viability of Bradyrhizobium japonicum on seeds and their effect to improve seed and bacteria survival and soybean nodulation in two application sequences inoculant- polymer and different storage times. The polymer did not affect the bacteria viability on seeds, neither seed survival. The application of chitosan before the inoculant had the best percentages of germinated seeds and the seedlings quality. Chitosan concentrations between 100 and 1000 mg L-1 favoured germination, the number of bacteria colonies on seeds and the soybean nodulation until 30 days of seed storage.

scholarly journals Rate and Synchrony of Seed Germination Influence Growth of Hydroponic Lettuce

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
Ahmet Korkmaz ◽  
Wallace G. Pill ◽  
Bruce B. Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Fresh Weight ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The effect of seed germination rate, or of seedling emergence rate, was studied in relation to subsequent plant growth of `Cortina' lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Seedling growth response to selection by time of germination was assessed by imbibing seeds at 5 °C to increase the time range for germination. Germinated seeds were removed daily and transferred to “slants” (germination paper held at 20° from vertical) at 15 °C. Five days after each transfer, root and hypocotyl lengths were measured. As days required for germination increased, root lengths decreased and hypocotyl lengths increased, resulting in no change in total seedling length. The relation between rate of seedling emergence from raw or pelleted seeds of the same lot and shoot fresh weight was examined using commercially practiced hydroponic techniques. Shoot fresh weight at 10 and 21 days after planting was related inversely and linearly to the day of emergence for both seed treatments. In the same study, the coefficient of variation of shoot fresh weight was positively related to time of seedling emergence only at 10 days. Germinated seeds were selected after 1 and 2 days of imbibition; subsequent seedling emergence rate and shoot fresh weight at 25 days were recorded. First-day germinated seeds had faster and more synchronous emergence, and produced heavier and more uniform shoots. Discarding slow-to-germinate seeds should enhance seedling emergence and growth.

Seed germination and seedling dry matter production of canola, barley and wheat as affected by seed-placed KCl and polymer-coated KCl

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingchu Zhang ◽  
M. Nyborg ◽  
E. D. Solberg
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Salt Index ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Seed-placed KCl often adversely affects seed germination and seedling growth because of the high salt index of the material. By coating KCl granules the adverse effect of the KCl can be reduced. Two greenhouse experiments with canola, barley and wheat, and one experiment in the field with barley were conducted to determine if normally adverse levels of seed-placed KCl fertilizer could be reduced when polymer-coated KCl is used. The results show that the number of germinated seeds and seedling dry matter were higher with the seed-placed coated KCl than the seed-placed regular non-coated KCl. Key words: KCl fertilizer, polymer-coated KCl, germination, seedling dry matter

scholarly journals Seed germination and dormancy traits of forbs and shrubs important for restoration of North American dryland ecosystems

Plant Biology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Kildisheva ◽  
T. E. Erickson ◽  
M. D. Madsen ◽  
K. W. Dixon ◽  
D. J. Merritt
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
North American ◽  
Dryland Ecosystems

scholarly journals The effects of NACL, KCL and MGCL2 on the germination of Brassica rapa var. parachinensis seed

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Ghanad ◽  
Rosimah Binit Nulit ◽  
Rusea Go ◽  
Christina Yong Seok Yien
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Germinated Seeds

<p>This study was conducted to determine seed germination on the mechanisms of salinity stress in <em>B. rapa </em>var. <em>parachinensis </em>(Hong kong choy sum). The type of experiment was a completely randomized design with three salinity treatment NaCl, MgCl2, and KCl and minimum four replications was used. Salinity treatment consisted of 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, 200, mM concentrations. The experiment was carried out under 70% relative humidity at 23°C with a photoperiod of 8:16 h light/dark. The germinated seeds were counted every day and germination percentage, seed vigor, seed tolerance, length of seedling and biomass seedling was measured. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA multiple comparison test followed by Duncan’s multiple range test.</p>

SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF ATRAZINE-SUSCEPTIBLE AND RESISTANT BIOTYPES OF Brassica campestris

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. MAPPLEBECK ◽  
V. SOUZA MACHADO ◽  
B. GRODZINSKI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Seedling Characteristics ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Seed germination and seedling characteristics of atrazine-susceptible and resistant wild turnip rape biotypes (Brassica campestris L.) were examined. Seeds of the susceptible biotype germinated earlier, and the germinated seeds grew faster and emerged earlier than seeds of the resistant biotype. Seedlings of the susceptible biotype emerged from greater planting depths than the resistant seedlings. Emerged susceptible seedlings were larger, with longer hypocotyls and greater cotyledon area, and produced more dry matter than the resistant biotype seedlings. Differences in water content of germinated seeds of the two biotypes were noted, with the susceptible biotypes consistently showing a higher water content. There was no significant difference in the respiration rate of the two biotypes at the early stage of seedling growth.

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