Drug susceptibility and clonality of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis in hospitalized patients with hematological malignancies

2010 ◽  
Vol 179 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-356
Author(s):  
K. Nomura ◽  
E. Mizumachi ◽  
M. Yamashita ◽  
M. Ohshiro ◽  
T. Komori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

scholarly journals Treatment of intracranial infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis with linezolid following poor outcome of vancomycin therapy: A case report and literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Lin ◽  
Sumei Chen ◽  
Limian Hong ◽  
Shuifa Wu ◽  
Xueping Yu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Vancomycin Therapy ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Intracranial Infection ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Vancomycin Mics

Abstract Background: To investigate the efficacy of linezolid in the treatment of intracranial infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCoNS).Case presentation: The patient at our hospital was diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) intracranial infection, which was resistant to oxacillin and sensitive to vancomycin (MIC = 2 µg/mL) and linezolid (MIC = 4 µg/mL). Vancomycin was replaced with linezolid after 36 days of treatment due to poor outcome, and the patient was eventually cured. Further, a total of 23 cases of intracranial MRSA/MRCoNS infections were reported, of which 1 case with MRSA had a vancomycin MIC = 1 µg/mL, while the remaining 22 cases had vancomycin MICs greater than 1 µg/mL, with MIC = 1.5 µg/mL in 1 case, MIC = 2 µg/mL in 19 cases and MIC = 4 µg/mL in 2 cases. The linezolid-containing regimen was used after drug susceptibility results or if the initial treatment failed, leading to recovery in 19 patients, microbial clearance in 3 patients (of which 2 patients died of comorbidities and 1 patient died of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection), and treatment failure in 1 case.Conclusion: The PK/PD parameter for evaluating the efficacy of vancomycin is AUC/MIC ≥ 400 (assuming a vancomycin MICBMD of 1 µg/mL), and trough concentration should not be used as a substitute for AUC/MIC. For optimal management, vancomycin dosing should be based on AUC-guided dosing and monitoring. When the vancomycin MIC of MRSA/MRCoNS is > 1 µg/mL, the target AUC/MIC cannot be achieved. In such cases, linezolid can be used with good therapeutic effects.

scholarly journals Burden of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia among hospitalized patients in Lebanon and Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol Volume 10 ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulhakeem O Althaqafi ◽  
Madonna J Matar ◽  
Rima Moghnieh ◽  
Adel F Alothman ◽  
Thamer H Alenazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

scholarly journals Reduced susceptibility to vancomycin and biofilm formation in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from blood cultures

2014 ◽  
Vol 109 (7) ◽  
pp. 871-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Pinheiro ◽  
Carla Ivo Brito ◽  
Valéria Cataneli Pereira ◽  
Adilson de Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Henrique Camargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

scholarly journals Antibacterial Effects of Oregano Essential Oil (OEO) and Its Potential Applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
R. Cabrera-Contreras ◽  
R. Morelos-Ramírez ◽  
J. P. Quiróz-Ríos ◽  
D. Muñoz-Quiróz
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Serial Dilutions

Essential oils (EOs) are commonly used in food industry, due that they possess antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. There are few essential oils that have been used in medicine, due to its potent antibacterial activity against intrahospital pathogens. OEO has experimentally shown potent antibacterial effect on nosocomial Gram-positive bacteria, therefore it can be very useful in hospital environments, where there are many bacterial pathogens, which are the etiological agents of nosocomial infections and most of them are resistant to several antibiotics. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial effect of OEO on most frequent bacterial intrahospital pathogens: MRSA, MRSE comparatively to selected ATCC bacterial reference strains. Methods: This experimental study investigates the antibacterial action of oregano (Origanum vulgare) essential oil (OvEO) on two human pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) Here, we used OEO against one of the most prominent antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains: methicillin-resistant SA (MRSAmecA+ = Meticillin Resistant SA and mecA- = Meticillin Resistance SA ), methicillin-resistant SE (MRSEmecA+ = Meticillin Resistance Staphylococcus epidermidis mecA+) and reference strains: S. aureus ATCC 700699, S. epidermidis ATCC 359845 and E. coli ATCC 25922. Bactericidal effects of the OEO on these bacteria were mainly evaluated using undiluted and four serial dilutions in coconut oil (CCO) l: 1:10, 1:100, 1:200, 1:400. Results: OEO, undiluted and 4 serial dilutions showed potent antibacterial activity against all strains tested. In conclusion, this OEO could be used as an alternative in medicine. The ability of OEO to inhibit and kill clinical Multi-Drug-Resistant (MDR): MRSA and MRSE strains, highlights it´s potential for use in the management of drug-resistant MDR infections in hospitals wards.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus in Adult Hospitalized Patients in “Mother Theresa” Hospital Center in Albania

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (A) ◽  
pp. 297-302
Author(s):  
Blerta Kika ◽  
Erjona Abazaj ◽  
Oltiana Petri ◽  
Andi Koraqi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Microbial Identification ◽  
Hospital Center

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in clinical specimens hospitalized to “Mother Theresa” Hospital Center for 2 years. METHODS: We isolated and identified S. aureus on 356 clinical specimens using standard tests. Furthermore, for further accurate microbial identification, we have to use the VITEK® 2 system. The samples were tested to detect the presence of MRSA by a slide latex agglutination kit for the rapid detection of PBP2. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of S. aureus in patients was 34.2%. The prevalence of MRSA was 20.5% of cases. Of the MRSA isolates identified in this study, 28% were susceptible to antibiotics, 24% demonstrated intermediate resistance, and 48% were multi-drug resistant with resistance to nineteen antibiotics involved in the examination. In addition, seven of the 25 MRSA cases showed 100% resistance to norfloxacin, imipenem, meropenem, levofloxacin, etc. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of S. aureus in hospitalized patients on this study was 34.2% and the MRSA 20.5%. These results indicated that this type of infection is a significant concern for health services and patients included. A screening of all hospitalized cases can lead to reduce the incidence of this infection in the hospital environment.

scholarly journals An outbreak of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis among neonates in a hospital in Saudi Arabia

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 692-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha Abd El Hafez ◽  
Noha G. Khalaf ◽  
Mohamed El Ahmady ◽  
Ahmed Abd El Aziz ◽  
Abd El Gawad Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Clonal Origin ◽  
Resistance Rates

Introduction: Staphylococcus epidermidis is a pathogen associated with nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). This study investigates an outbreak of methicillin resistant S. epidermidis in an NICU in a hospital in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A total of 41 isolates identified as Gram-positive cocci were obtained from blood culture, umbilical wound swabs and endotracheal aspirate specimens of neonates, of which 29 were identified as S. epidermidis. Bacterial identification at the species level and determination of antibiotic resistance were performed by MicroScan (Dade Behring, USA). Genotyping was completed using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and the mecA gene was detected by PCR. Results: All 29 S. epidermidis isolates were found to be resistant to oxacillin and were positive for the mecA gene. The isolates showed several multidrug-resistance patterns; the resistance rates to gentamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were 89.7%, 86.2%, 75.9% and 72.4%, respectively. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, rifampin, synercid, and ciprofloxacin. Several genotypic and phenotypic patterns were detected among the S. epidermidis isolates: antibiogram typing showed seven different patterns, one of which was shared by 65% of the isolates, whereas the most prevalent RAPD genotype was shared by only five S. epidermidis isolates, and did not correlate with antibiotic resistance phenotype. Conclusion: The diverse clonal origin of tested isolates indicates the presence of multiple S. epidermidis strains among neonates in the NICU setting

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