Increased waist-to-hip ratio is associated with decreased urine glucose excretion in adults with no history of diabetes

Endocrine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Chen ◽  
Shanhu Qiu ◽  
Haijian Guo ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Zilin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Urine Glucose ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urine Glucose Excretion ◽  
Glucose Excretion

scholarly journals Lipid Accumulation Product Combined With Urine Glucose Excretion Improves the Efficiency of Diabetes Screening in Chinese Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Chen ◽  
Hong Sun ◽  
Shanhu Qiu ◽  
Hu Tao ◽  
Jiangyi Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Lipid Accumulation Product ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Urine Glucose ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Urine Glucose Excretion ◽  
Glucose Excretion ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

BackgroundTo compare the efficacy of lipid accumulation product (LAP) and urine glucose excretion (UGE) in predicting diabetes and evaluate whether the combination of LAP and UGE would help to improve the efficacy of using LAP alone or UGE alone in identifying diabetes.MethodsData from 7485 individuals without prior history of diabetes who participated in a cross-sectional survey in Jiangsu, China, were analyzed. Each participant underwent an oral glucose-tolerance test. Operating characteristic curves (ROC) and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the performance of LAP and UGE in identification of newly diagnosed diabetes (NDM) and prediabetes (PDM).ResultsFor subjects with NDM, the area under the ROC curve was 0.72 for LAP and 0.85 for UGE, whereas for PDM, these values were 0.62 and 0.61, respectively. Furthermore, LAP exhibited a comparable sensitivity with UGE in detecting NDM (76.4% vs 76.2%, p = 0.31). In predicting PDM, LAP showed a higher sensitivity than UGE (66.4% vs 42.8%, p < 0.05). The combination of LAP and UGE demonstrated a significantly higher sensitivity than that of LAP alone and UGE alone for identification of NDM (93.6%) and PDM (80.1%). Moreover, individuals with both high LAP and high UGE had significantly increased risk of NDM and PDM than those with both low LAP and low UGE.ConclusionsThe combination of LAP and UGE substantially improved the efficacy of using LAP and using UGE alone in detecting diabetes, and may be a novel approach for mass screening in the general population.

scholarly journals Electrical stimulation of renal nerves for modulating urine glucose excretion in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad A. Jiman ◽  
Kavaljit H. Chhabra ◽  
Alfor G. Lewis ◽  
Paul S. Cederna ◽  
Randy J. Seeley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Renal Nerves ◽  
Urine Glucose ◽  
Urine Glucose Excretion ◽  
Glucose Excretion ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Morning Spot Urine Glucose-to-Creatinine Ratios Predict Overnight Urinary Glucose Excretion in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
So Ra Kim ◽  
Yong-ho Lee ◽  
Sang-Guk Lee ◽  
Sun Hee Lee ◽  
Eun Seok Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Urinary Glucose Excretion ◽  
Urine Glucose ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Urinary Glucose ◽  
Glucose Excretion

scholarly journals Preconception Leptin and Fecundability, Pregnancy, and Live Birth Among Women With a History of Pregnancy Loss

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 1958-1968
Author(s):  
Torie C Plowden ◽  
Shvetha M Zarek ◽  
Elizabeth A DeVilbiss ◽  
Jeannie G Radoc ◽  
Keewan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Birth ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Lower Tertile ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Neuroendocrine Mechanisms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression

Abstract Context With the increase of obesity, it is imperative to understand the neuroendocrine mechanisms, including the neuroendocrine hormone leptin, by which obese or overweight women are at increased risk for subfertility and infertility. Objective The objective was to examine associations between preconception serum leptin concentrations, fecundability, pregnancy, and live birth. Design Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort among women with prior pregnancy losses. Setting The study was conducted at four US medical centers (2006 to 2012). Intervention Not available. Materials and Methods Preconception serum leptin concentrations were measured at baseline, and women were followed for up to six menstrual cycles, and throughout pregnancy if they conceived. Discrete Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess fecundability odds ratios (FORs) and log-binomial regression to estimate risk ratios (RRs) for pregnancy and live birth. Models were adjusted for age, physical activity, treatment arm, and adiposity, either by measured waist-to-hip ratio or body mass index (BMI). Results High leptin concentrations were associated with decreased fecundability (FOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.58, 0.90), reduced risk of pregnancy (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.78, 0.96) and live birth (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.65, 0.89) comparing the upper to the lower tertile. However, adjustment for BMI in lieu of waist-to-hip ratio nullified observed associations. Conclusions In women with a history of pregnancy loss, relations between higher preconception leptin and fecundability were attenuated after adjustment for BMI, although not after adjustment for other markers of adiposity. Leptin may serve as a complementary marker of adiposity for assessment of obesity and reproductive outcomes.

scholarly journals Study of risk factors associated with breast cancer: a case control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2355
Author(s):  
Ashok R. Jadhao ◽  
B. K. Sharma ◽  
Sanjivani A. Jadhao ◽  
Hitesh C. Tayade
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Background: Developing countries are facing double burden of infectious and non-communicable diseases. Omran gave epidemiological transition theory, which can be seen in India also. Lifestyle changes made Indian prone to non-communicable diseases. Cancer is among the most common non communicable diseases in India. Breast cancer contributes one fourth of all cancer burden in India. It is noted that more number of cases are being seen in 25 to 40 years age group. Objective of the study was to study risk factor associated with breast cancer.Methods: Hospital based case control study was conducted in tertiary cancer centre from July 2017 to December 2019. Sample size of 96 cases was calculated, though 100 cases was interviewed and similar number of age group matched controls was selected. Sociodemographic, past history of benign breast lesion, family history of breast cancer, body mass index, waist to hip ratio and reproductive risk factors was assessed.Results: The significant risk factors on multiple logistic regression were (adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI) age at menarche ≤11 years (1.16, 1.025–1.451), waist to hip ratio more than 0.85 (1.61, 1.473–1.963) and history of abortion (1.14, 1.006–1.366).Conclusions: Women with early age of menarche, higher waist to hip ratio and history of abortion were found to be at higher risk of developing breast cancer. Annual screening of high risk women, teaching self-breast examination to all women and promoting physical activity to maintain waist to hip ratio less than 0.85 should be done.

scholarly journals Death from diabetic ketoacidosis in the Eastern part of Denmark in 2016-2018. Beta-hydroxybutyrate as a marker

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Kirsten Wiese Simonsen ◽  
Kristian Linnet ◽  
Brian Schou Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Urine Glucose ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Beta Hydroxybutyrate

Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by a deficiency in (type 1) or inability to use insulin (type 2). Untreated it can lead to diabetic ketocidosis (DKA) – state with high levels of ketone bodies (acetone, acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB)). This state can be life threatening. Measurement of ketone bodies together with vitreous/urine glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) are therefore essential to diagnose DKA-related deaths. All autopsy samples received at our department in the period 2016-2018 for toxicological investigations were analyzed for acetone, BHB, and vitreous glucose (N = 1394). In case of a high level of BHB, HbA1C and urine glucose were measured. Thirty two cases (2.3%) were concluded to be DKA-related deaths. Eleven (34%) of these had no known history of diabetes. BHB accounts for the major part of ketone bodies and is directly associated with the acidosis effect. Therefore, BHB is preferred to acetone when evaluating DKA and other ketoacidosis-related deaths. We compared acetone and BHB levels to evaluate if the easy acetone measurement could cover our needs for screening. We found that high BHB levels (>2000 µmol/L) were detected if the acetone cut off was set to 0.01 g/L. But, many samples would have low BHB < 3-500 µmol/L with this cut off, and many samples with raised BHB (500-1,200 µmol/L) would not be detected. We therefore recommend to screen all samples for BHB. In case of a high BHB (>1,000 µmol/L) vitreous/urine glucose and HbA1C must be measured to distinguish DKA from other types of ketoacidosis.

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