Role of RNA Structure Motifs in IRES-Dependent Translation Initiation of the Coxsackievirus B3: New Insights for Developing Live-Attenuated Strains for Vaccines and Gene Therapy

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease characterized by progressive degeneration, joint hyperplasia, narrowing of joint spaces, and extracellular matrix metabolism. Recent studies have shown that the pathogenesis of OA may be related to non-coding RNA, and its pathological mechanism may be an effective way to reduce OA. Objective: The purpose of this review was to investigate the recent progress of miRNA, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) in gene therapy of OA, discussing the effects of this RNA on gene expression, inflammatory reaction, apoptosis and extracellular matrix in OA. Methods: The following electronic databases were searched, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, for published studies involving the miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA in OA. The outcomes included the gene expression, inflammatory reaction, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix. Results and Discussion: With the development of technology, miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA have been found in many diseases. More importantly, recent studies have found that RNA interacts with RNA-binding proteins to regulate gene transcription and protein translation, and is involved in various pathological processes of OA, thus becoming a potential therapy for OA. Conclusion: In this paper, we briefly introduced the role of miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA in the occurrence and development of OA and as a new target for gene therapy.

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Artificial RNA Editing with ADAR for Gene Therapy

Current Gene Therapy ◽

10.2174/1566523220666200516170137 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 44-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sonali Bhakta ◽

Toshifumi Tsukahara

Keyword(s):

Gene Therapy ◽

Genetic Code ◽

Molecular Mechanism ◽

Rna Editing ◽

Comparative Studies ◽

Genetic Diseases ◽

Adenosine Deaminases ◽

Family Protein ◽

Hydrolytic Deamination

Editing mutated genes is a potential way for the treatment of genetic diseases. G-to-A mutations are common in mammals and can be treated by adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, a type of substitutional RNA editing. The molecular mechanism of A-to-I editing involves the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to an inosine base; this reaction is mediated by RNA-specific deaminases, adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs), family protein. Here, we review recent findings regarding the application of ADARs to restoring the genetic code along with different approaches involved in the process of artificial RNA editing by ADAR. We have also addressed comparative studies of various isoforms of ADARs. Therefore, we will try to provide a detailed overview of the artificial RNA editing and the role of ADAR with a focus on the enzymatic site directed A-to-I editing.

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Optimisation of Synthetic Vector Systems for Cancer Gene Therapy – The Role of the Excess of Cationic Dendrimer Under Physiological Conditions

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1568026614666140329231718 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. 1172-1181 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M.J. Santander-Ortega ◽

M. Fuente ◽

M.V. Lozano ◽

M.L. Tsui ◽

K. Bolton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Therapy ◽

Cancer Gene Therapy ◽

Cancer Gene ◽

Physiological Conditions ◽

Vector Systems

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The essential role of hypusine in eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4D (eIF-4D)

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0021-9258(18)51500-3 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 264 (31) ◽

pp. 18531-18535 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M H Park

Keyword(s):

Translation Initiation ◽

Essential Role ◽

Translation Initiation Factor ◽

Initiation Factor ◽

Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor ◽

Eukaryotic Translation ◽

Eukaryotic Translation Initiation

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Gene therapy directed at the neuroimmune component of chronic pain with particular attention to the role of TNFα

Neuroscience Letters ◽

10.1016/j.neulet.2008.03.049 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 437 (3) ◽

pp. 209-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Marina Mata ◽

Shuanglin Hao ◽

David J. Fink

Keyword(s):

Gene Therapy ◽

Chronic Pain

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The Role of Translation Initiation Regulation in Haematopoiesis

Comparative and Functional Genomics ◽

10.1155/2012/576540 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Godfrey Grech ◽

Marieke von Lindern

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Translation Initiation ◽

Translational Control ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Rna Binding ◽

Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽

Mrna Translation ◽

Translation Control ◽

Haematological Disorders

Organisation of RNAs into functional subgroups that are translated in response to extrinsic and intrinsic factors underlines a relatively unexplored gene expression modulation that drives cell fate in the same manner as regulation of the transcriptome by transcription factors. Recent studies on the molecular mechanisms of inflammatory responses and haematological disorders indicate clearly that the regulation of mRNA translation at the level of translation initiation, mRNA stability, and protein isoform synthesis is implicated in the tight regulation of gene expression. This paper outlines how these posttranscriptional control mechanisms, including control at the level of translation initiation factors and the role of RNA binding proteins, affect hematopoiesis. The clinical relevance of these mechanisms in haematological disorders indicates clearly the potential therapeutic implications and the need of molecular tools that allow measurement at the level of translational control. Although the importance of miRNAs in translation control is well recognised and studied extensively, this paper will exclude detailed account of this level of control.

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