scholarly journals Anthropomorphizing Technology: A Conceptual Review of Anthropomorphism Research and How it Relates to Children’s Engagements with Digital Voice Assistants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janik Festerling ◽  
Iram Siraj
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Child Voice ◽  
Philosophical Pragmatism ◽  
As If

Abstract‘Anthropomorphism’ is a popular term in the literature on human-technology engagements, in general, and child-technology engagements, in particular. But what does it really mean to ‘anthropomorphize’ something in today’s world? This conceptual review article, addressed to researchers interested in anthropomorphism and adjacent areas, reviews contemporary anthropomorphism research, and it offers a critical perspective on how anthropomorphism research relates to today’s children who grow up amid increasingly intelligent and omnipresent technologies, particularly digital voice assistants (e.g., Alexa, Google Assistant, Siri). First, the article reviews a comprehensive body of quantitative as well as qualitative anthropomorphism research and considers it within three different research perspectives: descriptive, normative and explanatory. Following a brief excursus on philosophical pragmatism, the article then discusses each research perspective from a pragmatistic viewpoint, with a special emphasis on child-technology and child-voice-assistant engagements, and it also challenges some popular notions in the literature. These notions include descriptive ‘as if’ parallels (e.g., child behaves ‘as if’ Alexa was a friend), or normative assumptions that human-human engagements are generally superior to human-technology engagements. Instead, the article reviews different examples from the literature suggesting the nature of anthropomorphism may change as humans’ experiential understandings of humanness change, and this may particularly apply to today’s children as their social cognition develops in interaction with technological entities which are increasingly characterized by unprecedented combinations of human and non-human qualities.

scholarly journals The Evantropian Project: Revitalising Critical Approaches to Young Adult Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-193
Author(s):  
Robert Gadowski
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Young Adult Literature ◽  
Critical Power ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
The Third ◽  
Average Reader ◽  
Critical Approaches

Anna Bugajska’s recent book Engineering Youth: The Evantropian Project in Young Adult Dystopias (2019) is an important and thought-provoking inquiry into the field of young adult literary criticism. While for the average reader, young adult narratives may be associated with juvenile tales created with an intent to provide escapist entertainment, a true connoisseur of youth literature is well aware of an immense didactic potential of this genre. Bugajska certainly belongs to the latter category as she diligently engages with young adult dystopias to highlight the immense critical power of these texts. In the following review article, the author of the paper is going to offer a brief commentary on the critical perspective that Bugajska employs to explore the notion of evantropia. The first section of this review discusses Bugajska’s volume as a part of utopian intellectual tradition, the second section postulates that ideas presented in Engineering Youth enrich literary criticism in the field of speculative fiction and children’s and young adult literature, the third section briefly discusses the layout of the volume and the content of each chapter, the fourth section presents an overview of selected core ideas that Bugajska presents in her work and in the last section the author of the paper offers his final thoughts on Engineering Youth.

scholarly journals From movement kinematics to social cognition: the case of autism

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1693) ◽  
pp. 20150372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Cook
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Movement Kinematics ◽  
Movement Differences ◽  
The Way

The way in which we move influences our ability to perceive, interpret and predict the actions of others. Thus movements play an important role in social cognition. This review article will appraise the literature concerning movement kinematics and motor control in individuals with autism, and will argue that movement differences between typical and autistic individuals may contribute to bilateral difficulties in reciprocal social cognition.

scholarly journals DISCOURSE DEPUTY REGENT OF SAMPANG IN 2017 IN MUSREMBANG LEADERSHIP

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Abdul Chakim
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Leadership Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
As If

The 2017 Musrenbang Kabupaten was led by a vice Bupati. Because of the health condition, Bupati of Sampang cannot be present and leading the forum. The vice Bupati must show his leadership model as if he is the main leader. The success of Musrenbang forum depends on how a Bupati can manage, cooperate and lead all the participants in this forum. This study is to analyze the leadership discourse from 2017 Musrenbang Kabupten Speech Text and relevant literature. The methodology in this study is using discourse analysis. Then, it is led to Van Dijk Model Analysis. This model concerns on three part analyses. They are textual, social cognition and social context analyses. While textual analysis is based on the speech text, social cognition and context analyses are based on the external and what is behind of a discourse. Then, the result of this study is led to what kind of leadership model is showed by Vice Bupati of Sampang in Musrenbang Speech Text and why this speech text (concerned on the content) is produced. First, leadership model can be seen from the textual context in speech text. Second, why this speech text can be produced can be seen from the social cognition and context. So, the three approaches from Van Dijk Model Analysis can lead to two conclusions. They are the kind of leadership model and the background production of this speech text. The result of this study hopefully can be considered as a set of recommendation for the next Bupati in 2019

scholarly journals Media Ecology – (Un)necessary Research Perspective in Communication and Media Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Laskowska ◽  
Krzysztof Marcyński
Keyword(s):  
Media Studies ◽  
Media Ecology ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Media And Communication

<p>The aim of this review and theoretical study is to determine the importance of media ecology theory for communication and media studies. Bearing in mind this research goal, the following research questions were asked: What is the media ecology theory? What approach to media and communication research does it represent? What research perspectives are proposed in the field of media ecology? What new can media ecology bring to communication and media studies? An additional objective of the article, and, at the same, time the intention of the authors, is to raise the interest of Polish researchers in the subject of media ecology and its various aspects, enriching research in the field of communication and media studies.</p>

scholarly journals Nauka o książce w Polsce w latach 1945–2015. Teoretyczne źródła inspiracji

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 41-70
Author(s):  
Irena Socha
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Cultural Artefact ◽  
Book Studies

BOOK SCIENCE IN POLAND IN 1945–2015. THEORETICAL SOURCES OF INSPIRATIONThe aim of the paper is to paint a retrospective panorama of the theoretical legacy of the post-war Polish book studies. Of key importance to the author is the question of the subject of the discipline and, consequently, its scope. The author discusses directions in book studies and the bibliological process making up, starting in the 1930s and with Jan Muszkowski’s concept, the core tradition and foundation of the theories of book studies: theories built around the paradigm of “life of the book” seeing it as an integrally defi ned process of production, dissemination and consumption; Karol Głombiowski’s functional theory, thanks to which “systemic” and “functional” approaches have become a commonly accepted methodological premise in book studies; concepts formulated by Janusz Dunin, who linked the bibliological tradition of historical, source studies of editorial forms of books with the functional theory and “communication” perspective; theory formulated by Radosław Cybulski, who, in combining the established morphology of the book with a semiotic and communication perspective, adopted “book consumption”, i.e. an integrated system of satisfying the needs of book users, as a functional category to describe the behaviour of participants in the book market; concepts focused on the “social communication situation” as a research category and perspective stemming from a sociological and semiotic reorientation of humanistic thinking. At the end the author discusses trends which in recent years have considerably expanded research perspectives: books in the media space; the “culture of the book” paradigm, which is conducive to an “anthropologisation” of the bibliological process, perceived no longer only institutionally, from the perspective of social communication, but also through relations, interactions and value judgements of people participating in it, which shifts research priorities towards the questions of reading and often also towards “regional” approaches; theory of book art and research into book aesthetics. At the various stages of the development of bibliology and depending on the research perspective, the focus shifted from the book as a cultural artefact and its “life”, i.e. Bibliological process with its institutions, to functions of the book with regard to the public in the process of social and cultural transmission, and, finally, to the public as the creator and user of the culture of the book, the actions of which are “recorded” in bibliological documentation.

“Ocular Proof” in Othello and its Source

PMLA ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurianne S. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Interracial Marriage ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
Words And Images ◽  
As If

Shakespeare's selectivity in adapting a novella from Giraldi Cinthio's De Gli Hecatommithi into his own Othello has long been apparent; students of Shakespeare's play have stressed his transformation of the source by speeding up the action, condensing the plot, reassessing the characterization, and transfiguring the commonplace attitudes toward an interracial marriage presented in the source into a tragedy of love. But no one has demonstrated how a close comparison of single words and phrases in Othello and in the novella can help us to understand how the transformation took place, how words and phrases such as vedere cogl' occhi, vendetta, satio, and la giustizia divina are translated imaginatively into the thematic imagery of ocular proof, the configuration of revenge, satisfaction, and satiation, and the movement from justice to mercy which Desdemona offers to Othello. Clearly, such a comparison of the play and its source affords a critical perspective upon the verbal drama especially. But studies of the imagery in Othello neglect its source entirely, and source studies, merely footnoting the verbal parallels as they appear, seem to maintain the critical view that marvels how Shakespeare could have created so much out of so little. It is as if Shakespeare's characteristic ingredient, the poetic interplay of words and images in the verbal fund of his drama, had no parallel in the verbal fund of his source.

scholarly journals „Trzeba by się w nią wsłuchiwać innym uchem, nadstawiać je na inny sens, tkający się bez ustanku…” – czyli kobiecy trop w polskich studiach żydowskich

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Joanna Degler (Lisek)
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Jewish Woman ◽  
Jewish Studies ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Women's Poetry ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
New Research ◽  
As If ◽  
Female Perspective

“One would have to listen with another ear, as if hearing another meaning, always in the process of weaving itself...”: A Female Trail in Polish Jewish Studies This publication is the opening lecture to the conference The Jewish Woman: New Research and Research Perspectives that took place in Kraków in April 2021. The author attempts to answer the questions how the female perspective contributes to Jewish studies in Poland and why it requires a specific research approach. Looking for answers to these questions, the author refers, among other matters, to her personal experience while researching women’s poetry in Yiddish.

Meet your Users in Situ Data Collection from within Apps in Large-Scale Deployments

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Batalas ◽  
Javier Quevedo-Fernandez ◽  
Jean-Bernard Martens ◽  
Panos Markopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Creative Design ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Software Application ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Design Representations

Increasingly, ‘app-store' releases of software are used as a vehicle for large-scale user trials ‘in the wild'. Several opportunities and methodological challenges arise from having little or no access to users, other than through the application itself. So far, researchers have needed to hardcode survey items into the software application studied, which is laborious and error prone. This paper discusses how these problems are addressed using TEMPEST, a platform for longitudinal in situ data collection. The authors illustrate the use of TEMPEST to study the deployment and real-world use of a tablet application called idAnimate; this application has been designed to support the creation of simple animations as design representations during the creative design process. The authors discuss how the tool has supported the gathering of data in over 4000 installations, both from a development and research perspective, and relate their experiences to current research perspectives on large-scale app trials.

scholarly journals The Significance of Promoting Teacher Reflection: A Review Article

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-143
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Moayeri ◽  
Ramin Rahimiy
Keyword(s):  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Teacher Reflection ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Significant Issue ◽  
Research Perspective ◽  
Teachers Beliefs ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Successful Teaching

The present review article is intended to bring the significant issue of teachers’ reflective practice into the limelight by overviewing how this concept evolved through time and what it promises for successful teaching. The concept of teacher reflection, defined as teachers’ beliefs about their teaching practice, has been subjected to a number of criticisms regarding its instrumental nature, disregard of social justice, and a vague reinforcement of the existing ideologies instead of challenging beliefs. These critiques have been discussed in this article, and possible ways to overcome the challenges are highlighted. Furthermore, pieces of evidence from a number of previous research studies are reviewed, which highlight how practicing reflection enables teachers to become aware of both their individual development and the different dimensions of the education program. It is further discussed that teacher reflection can benefit from different research perspective attempting to solve the ambiguities blurring its significance.

scholarly journals Ciencia, poder y regímenes de verdad en textos académicos sobre acceso a la profesión docente

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Héctor Monarca
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Review Article ◽  
The Political ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Academic Texts ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Praxis ◽  
Educational Field

The objective of this work is to highlight the performative-ideological effects of scientific discourses, in this case, through the analysis of academic texts published in Spain on a very specific subject: “selective processes for access to teaching work” in public educational system. Epistemologically, it starts from the assumption that the social sciences in general and the educational sciences in particular have been related from historical processes of production and reproduction of the social order. Therefore, assuming the Bourdiean perspective, science is addressed in this work as a field of power that assumes explicitly and implicitly various assumptions regarding the world. Methodologically it is a review article from a historical-dialectical-critical perspective. In this way, the texts are analyzed as an expression of diverse interests and positions that are part of disputes related to the educational field in particular or to the social order in general, the instituted, “the political” in the sense of Castoriadis (1996), evidencing a political praxis.

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