scholarly journals The psychological burden of volunteers in psychosocial emergency care – a qualitative interview study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Greinacher ◽  
Anna Cranz ◽  
Julia Jenzer ◽  
Alexander Nikendei ◽  
Renate Kottke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Care ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Psychosocial Emergency ◽  
Emergency Responses

AbstractPsychosocial emergency care personnel provide voluntary psychological support directly after potentially traumatic events. During emergency responses, they experience challenging situations. However, previous quantitative studies suggest that the psychological burden of psychosocial emergency care personnel does not exceed that of the general population. This study aimed to obtain an in-depth analysis of the volunteers’ psychological reactions and resources regarding emergency responses. 36 psychosocial emergency care volunteers (12 pre-training, 12 post-training, 12 experienced) were invited to participate in semi-structured interviews. The volunteers were selected from previous cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on secondary traumatization in psychosocial emergency care volunteers. A qualitative content analysis of the transcribed interviews was performed following the principles of summary and inductive category development. We identified 845 codes which we summarized in three overarching categories: (I) reactions to emergency responses, (II) psychosocial emergency care work related resources and (III) experiences and changes in life perspective related to working in psychosocial emergency care. The volunteers described both emotional and physical reactions to emergency responses. While they perceived social support as a key coping resource and reported a greater appreciation of their own lives and their families due to their work, many volunteers also felt increased concern that something could happen to them. The volunteers’ reactions and symptoms are reasonable responses to stress and not indicative of serious impairment. Nevertheless, emergency responses are both emotionally and physically challenging. Volunteers should be carefully selected, receive regular supervision and determine the frequency of emergency responses.

scholarly journals Patient factors driving overuse of cardiac catheterisation: a qualitative study with 25 participants from two German teaching practices

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e024600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Herwig ◽  
Dorothea Dehnen ◽  
Birgitta Weltermann
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Cardiac Catheterisation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Patient Factors ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Patient’S Experience ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Physician Adherence

ObjectivesPercutaneous coronary interventions do not provide a benefit over medical therapy for stable patients. However, an overuse of cardiac catheterisation (CC) for stable coronary artery disease (CAD) is documented in Germany and other countries. In this study, we aim to understand patient factors that foster this overuse.DesignOur study is an exploratory qualitative interview study with narrative, structured interviews. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis by Mayring.SettingThe interviews were conducted in two German teaching practices.Participants24 interviews with 25 patients were conducted; 17 (68%) patients were male, the average age was 73.9 years (range 53–88 years). All patients suffered from CAD and had undergone at least one CC. Patients with known anxiety disorders were excluded from the study.ResultsThe analysis identified six patient factors which contributed to or prevented the overuse of CC: (1) unquestioned acceptance of prescheduled appointments for procedures/convenience; (2) disinterest in and/or lack of disease-specific knowledge; (3) helplessness in situations with varying opinions on the required care; (4) fear of another cardiac event, (5) patient–physician relationship and (6) the patient’s experience that repeat interventions did not result in a change of health status or care.ConclusionsConducted in a country with documented overuse of CC, we showed that most patients trusted their physicians’ recommendations for repeat coronary angiographies even if they were asymptomatic. Strategies to align physician adherence with guidelines and corresponding patient information are needed to prevent overuse.

scholarly journals I need to be who I am: a qualitative interview study exploring the needs of people with dementia in Norway

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e035886
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Wiken Telenius ◽  
Siren Eriksen ◽  
Anne Marie Mork Rokstad
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
The Moment

ObjectiveMany people with dementia receive community services. These services are often based on the needs of informal caregivers and professional caregivers’ assessment. User involvement and participation are main objectives in the Norwegian National Dementia Plan 2020. To enhance user involvement and individual tailoring of healthcare services, more information is required about the needs of people with dementia. The aim of this study was to explore the experienced needs of people with dementia in order to facilitate user involvement in provided services.MethodsAn explorative cross-sectional study design was used. We performed semistructured interviews with people with dementia who were recruited from all regions of Norway. The sample comprised 35 participants diagnosed with dementia. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed, and the data material was analysed using a qualitative content analysis.ResultsThree main categories emerged from the interviews: (1) to stay connected; (2) to be active and participate; and (3) to live for the moment. The overarching theme was: the need to be who I am.ConclusionsPeople with dementia participating in the study were heterogeneous regarding wants and requirements. Most of them expressed the need and wish to hold on to who they are. Close and robust relations with family and friends can give significant support to people with dementia. However, living with dementia might put considerable strain on relations. Services should provide support to enhance relationships, encourage existing networks to remain stable and facilitate participation in meaningful activities for people living with dementia.

scholarly journals Nurses’ Experiences as Care Providers for Refugees in Emergency and Critical Care in Jordan: A Qualitative Interview Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 233339362110569
Author(s):  
Maja Backlund ◽  
Sepideh Olausson
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Nurses Perceptions

During the global refugee crisis of the 2010s, hundreds of thousands of Syrians fled to Jordan. As displaced Palestinians have had refugee status for several decades in Jordan already, this study aimed to explore nurses’ perceptions of caring for Palestinian and Syrian refugees within the context of critical and emergency care. The qualitative design was executed through twelve semi-structured interviews with nurses working in refugee camps and public hospitals. Three main themes were identified describing the nurses’ empathetic understanding of the refugees’ situation, various challenging factors, as well as different aspects of the opportunities that they perceived in critical care and emergency care. The experiences of publicly employed nurses generally differed from those working in the camps. In addition, the findings indicate the importance of further research conducted locally, as it suggests several elements that have a negative impact on the quality of advanced healthcare for refugees.

scholarly journals Why is it so difficult to implement a longitudinal clinical reasoning curriculum? A multicenter interview study on the barriers perceived by European health professions educators

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Sudacka ◽  
Martin Adler ◽  
Steven J. Durning ◽  
Samuel Edelbring ◽  
Ada Frankowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Core Competency ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
European Health ◽  
The Many

Abstract Background Effective clinical reasoning is a core competency of health professionals that is necessary to assure patients’ safety. Unfortunately, adoption of longitudinal clinical reasoning curricula is still infrequent. This study explores the barriers that hinder the explicit teaching of clinical reasoning from a new international perspective. Methods The context of this study was a European project whose aim is to develop a longitudinal clinical reasoning curriculum. We collected data in semi-structured interviews with responders from several European countries who represent various health professions and have different backgrounds, roles and experience. We performed a qualitative content analysis of the gathered data and constructed a coding frame using a combined deductive/inductive approach. The identified themes were validated by parallel coding and in group discussions among project members. Results A total of 29 respondents from five European countries participated in the interviews; the majority of them represent medicine and nursing sciences. We grouped the identified barriers into eight general themes: Time, Culture, Motivation, Clinical Reasoning as a Concept, Teaching, Assessment, Infrastructure and Others. Subthemes included issues with discussing errors and providing feedback, awareness of clinical reasoning teaching methods, and tensions between the groups of professionals involved. Conclusions This study provides an in-depth analysis of the barriers that hinder the teaching of explicit clinical reasoning. The opinions are presented from the perspective of several European higher education institutions. The identified barriers are complex and should be treated holistically due to the many interconnections between the identified barriers. Progress in implementation is hampered by the presence of reciprocal causal chains that aggravate this situation. Further research could investigate the perceptual differences between health professions regarding the barriers to clinical reasoning. The collected insights on the complexity and diversity of these barriers will help when rolling out a long-term agenda for overcoming the factors that inhibit the implementation of clinical reasoning curricula.

scholarly journals “Hello, My Name Is Melinda” – Students' Views on a Digital Assistant for Navigation in Digital Learning Environments; A Qualitative Interview Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Herrmann-Werner ◽  
Teresa Loda ◽  
Florian Junne ◽  
Stephan Zipfel ◽  
Amir Madany Mamlouk
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Personal Digital Assistant ◽  
Digital Learning ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Digital Learning Environment ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Related Stress

Background: The goal of the current investigation was to find out about students attitudes and needs toward the development of a new personal digital assistant (PDA) to help them navigate through an increasingly digital learning environment (DLE). As students have repeatedly been shown to be an especially stress-prone user-group, a PDA serving as a digital secretary might additionally significantly reduce study-related stress.Methods:N = 12 STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) students in various years of study at the University of Luebeck, Germany, participated in the study. A qualitative research design of semi-structured interviews was used with the interviews evaluated according to Mayring's qualitative content analysis using MAXQDA Version 2018.Results: Students being educated in a DLE in many cases report positive as well as negative impacts on communication through progressing digitalisation. In line with previous findings, students indicated several study-related and personal stressors during their academic life, but they also reported a variety of preventive factors such as motivation and interest in their studies as well as social support. When asked specifically about desired functions of a future PDA, students wished for a kind of digital secretary with functions such as recording, calendarisation and automated exam registration.Conclusions: Valuable insights were obtained regarding all areas of interest – DLE, stressors and preventive factors of students being educated within DLE, and ideas regarding the development of a new, student-user-friendly PDA. Previous results from stress research in student samples combined with the insights from the present study support the thought that a PDA combining administrative and counseling functions might be a new idea for students and could potentially complement a simple administrative PDA, additionally helping to provide students with therapeutic or counseling needs.

scholarly journals A qualitative exploration of the unmet information needs of Chinese advanced cancer patients and their informal caregivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Alex Molassiotis ◽  
Betty Pui Man Chung ◽  
Si-Lin Zheng ◽  
Hou-Qiang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Positive Effects

Abstract Background Studies in the West have demonstrated that appropriate informational support is a vital component of cancer care, with positive effects on both patients and their informal caregivers. Since little is known about the information needs of advanced cancer patients and informal caregivers in China, where ‘silence as virtue’ is much more valued and the communication style is less open, this study was therefore conducted to elaborate the information needs of advanced cancer patients and informal caregivers as well as to explore their perceptions and experiences regarding their unmet information needs in the Chinese context. Methods This sub-study of a previous cross-sectional survey utilized a qualitative descriptive study design. The approach involved semi-structured interviews that followed an interview guide to collect data. Eligible participants were the advanced cancer patients and informal caregivers who had participated in the previous cross-sectional survey and reported unmet information needs. Each interview was audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Descriptive content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results Seventeen advanced cancer patients and 15 informal caregivers with unmet information needs participated in the semi-structured interviews, with ages ranging from 32 to 63 years old for patients and from 32 to 70 for informal caregivers. Four categories were extracted from the interviews with the patients and caregivers: (1) types of unmet information needs; (2) reasons for information needs not being met; (3) preferences for the provision of information; and (4) meaning and role of information. Each category had two to four sub-categories for both the patients and the caregivers, which were similar but not completely the same. Conclusion The findings indicated that the provision of appropriate information could promote informed decision-making and greater satisfaction with treatment options, reductions in psychological disturbances, and enhanced confidence and ability in self-management and capacity in caregiving. Moreover, information on Traditional Chinese Medicine and food therapy should be increased, particularly for patients at the follow-up stage, while the amount of information on prognosis should be flexible as it could increase patients’ and caregivers’ psychological burden. Healthcare professionals were the most preferred information provider, although their heavy workload resulted in time constraints. In this case, they should provide information to patients and caregivers together as a ‘whole unit.’ At the same time, the value of separate conversations should also be recognized as some caregivers preferred to conceal unpleasant information from the patient.

scholarly journals Health care professionals’ experiences of how an eHealth application can function as a value-creating resource - a qualitative interview study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina Carlqvist ◽  
Heidi Hagerman ◽  
Markus Fellesson ◽  
Mirjam Ekstedt ◽  
Amanda Hellström
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
A Value ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study

Abstract Background The number of patients with one or more chronic conditions is increasing globally. One strategy to achieve more sustainable care for these patients is by implementing use of home-based eHealth applications. Such services support patients to take on a more active role as value-creating co-producers of their own care, in collaboration with health care professionals. Health care professionals have a key role in the value creation process, but little is known about value formation within eHealth interactions, especially from their perspective. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a deeper understanding of how an eHealth application can function as a value-creating resource from the perspective of health care professionals. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirteen health care professionals (nurses, physicians and first-line managers). Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the interviews. Results The findings indicate that value formation processes are strongly influenced by the organizational preconditions and by the usability and functionality of technology. The experiences of the health care professionals indicated that value was conceptualized in dimensions of meaningfulness, building of relationships, building safety and feelings of trust. Although these dimensions were mainly expressed in a positive way, such as perceived improvement of medical care, accessibility and continuity, they also had a negative side that caused value destruction. This was primarily due to patient difficulties in using the application or making measurements. Subsequent efforts at value recovery resulted in value creation, but were often time-consuming for the professionals. Conclusions This study contributes by extending conceptualizations of value to the role of health care professionals and by highlighting technology as sometimes facilitating and sometimes hampering value formation processes. The findings indicate that the eHealth application was a value-creating resource, facilitating proactive communication and supporting patients’ engagement and control over their self-care. However, for the application to become a more valuable resource in practice and counteract inequity in care, it needs to be further developed to be adapted to the needs and preconditions of patients.

scholarly journals Digitalising a Brief Intervention to Reduce Intrusive Memories of Psychological Trauma: Qualitative Interview Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beau Gamble ◽  
Katherine Depa ◽  
Emily A Holmes ◽  
Marie Kanstrup
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptom ◽  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Pilot Testing ◽  
Intrusive Memories ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has escalated the global need for remotely-delivered and scalable interventions after psychological trauma. A brief intervention involving a computer game as an imagery-competing task has shown promising results for reducing the number of intrusive memories of trauma—a core clinical symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder. To date, the intervention has only been delivered face-to-face. To be tested and implemented on a wider scale, digital adaptation for remote delivery is crucial. An important first step is to develop digitalised intervention materials in a systematic way based on feedback from clinicians, researchers and students, in preparation for pilot-testing with target-users. OBJECTIVE Our first aim was to obtain and analyse qualitative feedback on the digital intervention materials, namely two animated videos and two quizzes that (i) explain the target clinical symptom, and (ii) provide intervention instructions. The second aim was to refine the digitalised materials based on this feedback. METHODS We carried out semi-structured interviews with 12 participants who had experience delivering or had knowledge of the intervention when delivered face-to-face. We obtained in-depth feedback on perceived feasibility of using the digitalised materials and suggestions for improvements. Interviews were assessed using qualitative content analysis, and suggested improvements evaluated for implementation using a systematic method of prioritisation. RESULTS Three overarching themes were identified from the data. First, participants were highly positive about the potential benefits of using these digital materials for remote delivery, reporting that the videos effectively conveyed key concepts of the symptom and its treatment. Second, some modifications to the materials were suggested for improving clarity; based on this feedback we made nine specific changes. Finally, participants raised some key challenges for remote delivery, mainly in overcoming the lack of real-time communication during the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians, researchers and clinical psychology students were overall confident in the use of digitalised materials to remotely deliver a brief intervention to reduce intrusive memories of trauma. Guided by participant feedback, we identified and implemented changes to refine the intervention materials. This study lays the groundwork for the next step: pilot-testing remote delivery of the full intervention to trauma survivors.

scholarly journals Dust Phenomenon: Threat Appraisal of Cardiovascular Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Mojadam ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Ehrampoush ◽  
Nematollah Jaafarzadeh Haghighifard ◽  
MortezaAbdullatif Khafaie ◽  
Hossein Fallahzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Threat Appraisal ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Dust Effects

Introduction: Dust phenomenon is a major environmental problem in world that threatens the middle-east countries specifically. In order to develop a need-based policy and regulate the supporting health program to reduce dust effects requires a proper understanding of the public beliefs about threats posed by this issue. The purpose of this study was to explain the threat appraisal patients with cardiovascular diseases regarding exposure to dust phenomena. Method: This qualitative content-analysis study was conducted from January to June 2018. The participants included 28 cardiovascular patients who referred to the healthcare centers in Ahvaz City. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with open-ended questions and inspiration from threat appraisal process constructs were used to collect data. All data were gathered, transcribed, and analyzed using MAXQDA-10 software and in-depth analysis. Findings: Perceived threat constructs were used and 4 categories and 9 sub-categories were extracted: perceived likelihood of exposure to dust (perceived likelihood of increased non-respiratory problems, perceived likelihood of increased respiratory problems), belief in seriousness and danger of exposure to dust (understanding the severity of physical complications, understanding the severity of mental and psychological complications, understanding the severity of economic complications), external reward of exposure to dust (improving personal and social relationships, improving financial problems), internal reward of exposure to dust (pleasant feeling). Conclusion: This study provided a clearer and deeper understanding of the threat posed by exposure to dust among cardiovascular patients. Based on the results, the authorities can design more targeted and more effective protective plans to raise awareness among community members, especially cardiovascular patients about the negative effects of exposure to dust and the ways to reduce its exposure.

scholarly journals Nurses’ understanding of a developing nurse practitioner role in the Norwegian emergency care context: A qualitative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Boman ◽  
H. Ösp Egilsdottir ◽  
Rika Levy-Malmberg ◽  
Lisbeth Fagerström
Keyword(s):  
Nurse Practitioner ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Leading Change ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Nurses Perceptions

In Norway the nurse practitioner (NP) role is still in its infancy. To succeed with implementation of this new role stakeholder involvement is important, and there should be an explicit need for change. The aim of this study was to explore registered nurses’ understanding of how the NP role could contribute to meeting patients’ needs for care in the emergency care context, and nurses’ perceptions about the implementation process. The study is a qualitative interview study. The interviews were analysed by means of qualitative content analysis. Two themes presented themselves: the NP role being an autonomous role suitable for non-urgent patients, and the NP role being diffuse as well as a threat to colleagues and organizational structures. The results indicate that the NP role can make a valuable contribution to meet current challenges in the emergency care context. However, for successful implementation, the management team plays an important role in leading change and engaging co-workers to be part of the process. In further research, it is recommended to evaluate the forthcoming implementation process and, later on, to evaluate the outcomes of NP practice in the emergency care context in Norway.

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