scholarly journals Current Status of Human Papillomavirus-Related Head and Neck Cancer: From Viral Genome to Patient Care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoru Dong ◽  
Xinhua Shu ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Chen Zhu ◽  
Andreas M. Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Blockade ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
E6 And E7 ◽  
The Continuum

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection identified as a definitive human carcinogen is increasingly being recognized for its role in carcinogenesis of human cancers. Up to 38%–80% of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in oropharyngeal location (OPSCC) and nearly all cervical cancers contain the HPV genome which is implicated in causing cancer through its oncoproteins E6 and E7. Given by the biologically distinct HPV-related OPSCC and a more favorable prognosis compared to HPV-negative tumors, clinical trials on de-escalation treatment strategies for these patients have been studied. It is therefore raised the questions for the patient stratification if treatment de-escalation is feasible. Moreover, understanding the crosstalk of HPV-mediated malignancy and immunity with clinical insights from the proportional response rate to immune checkpoint blockade treatments in patients with HNSCC is of importance to substantially improve the treatment efficacy. This review discusses the biology of HPV-related HNSCC as well as successful clinically findings with promising candidates in the pipeline for future directions. With the advent of various sequencing technologies, further biomolecules associated with HPV-related HNSCC progression are currently being identified to be used as potential biomarkers or targets for clinical decisions throughout the continuum of cancer care.

scholarly journals Immunotherapy Advances in Locally Advanced and Recurrent/Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Relationship With Human Papillomavirus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Wang ◽  
Qin Zhao ◽  
Yuyu Zhang ◽  
Qihe Zhang ◽  
Zhuangzhuang Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Difference

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) account for the most cases of HNC. Past smoking and alcohol consumption are common risk factors of HNSCC; however, an increasing number of cases associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection have been reported in recent years. The treatment of HNSCC is integrated and multimodal including traditional surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Since pembrolizumab was approved in 2016, an increasing number of studies have focused on immunotherapy. However, not all of HNSCC patients have a better outcome on immunotherapy. Immunotherapy has been reported to be more effective in HPV-positive patients, but its molecular mechanism is still unclear. Some researchers have proposed that the high proportion of infiltrating immune cells in HPV-positive tumors and the difference in immune checkpoint expression level may be the reasons for their better response. As a result, a series of individualized immunotherapy trials have also been conducted in HPV-positive patients. This paper summarizes the current status of HNSCC immunotherapy, individualized immunotherapy in HPV-positive patients, and immune differences in HPV-positive tumors to provide new insights into HNSCC immunotherapy and try to identify patients who may benefit from immunotherapy.

scholarly journals Molecular Diagnostics in Human Papillomavirus-Related Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine C. Wai ◽  
Madeleine P. Strohl ◽  
Annemieke van Zante ◽  
Patrick K. Ha
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Hpv Status ◽  
E6 And E7 ◽  
High Risk Hpv

The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma continues to increase. Accurate diagnosis of the HPV status of a tumor is vital, as HPV+ versus HPV– tumors represent two unique biological and clinical entities with different treatment strategies. High-risk HPV subtypes encode oncoproteins E6 and E7 that disrupt cellular senescence and ultimately drive tumorigenesis. Current methods for detection of HPV take advantage of this established oncogenic pathway and detect HPV at various biological stages. This review article provides an overview of the existing technologies employed for the detection of HPV and their current or potential future role in management and prognostication.

Detection of aflatoxin B1 adducts in Mexican women with cervical lesions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
L. Díaz de León-Martínez ◽  
C.M. López-Mendoza ◽  
Y. Terán-Figueroa ◽  
R. Flores-Ramírez ◽  
F. Díaz-Barriga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Dna Adducts ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
E6 And E7 ◽  
Aflatoxin B ◽  
Potent Carcinogen

Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most serious threats to the lives of women; co-factors in addition to oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection may be important in causing CC. Women in Mexico are exposed to dietary aflatoxin B1, a potent carcinogen, which may act as a co-factor, in inducing progression to CC. Scarce studies are addressing environmental risks associated with the development of CC, thus the study aimed to establish a relationship between the presence of AFB1 and the detection of human papillomavirus in the genome of Mexican women. Forty samples from cervical tissue of women infected with HPV were obtained; positive results regarding the HPV type (16 and/or 18) were found in 92.5% women and the presence of AFB1-DNA adducts were detected in 77.5% of the same positive HPV samples. Detection of AFB1-DNA adducts and genomic concentrations were correlated with the detection of two oncogenic types of HPV 16 and 18. AFB1-DNA positivity and higher genomic concentrations of AFB1-DNA adducts were correlated with an increased risk of oncogenic detection of HPV in cervical samples from women in Mexico. As a secondary objective, a hypothetical interaction of the adducts with the NRF2 pathway has been proposed, therefore activation of p62 and in turn E6 and E7 (HPV proteins) would inhibit the formation of autophagosomes, which would result in a presence or recurrence of CC.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus in head and neck cancer in India: Current status and consensus recommendations

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 093-098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vedang Murthy ◽  
Adnan Calcuttawala ◽  
Kirti Chadha ◽  
Anil d’Cruz ◽  
Arvind Krishnamurthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The West ◽  
Current Role ◽  
High Risk Sexual Behavior ◽  
Medical Oncologists ◽  
Management Of Hpv ◽  
Risk Sexual Behavior ◽  
Indian Scenario

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) associated head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCC) have become increasingly common in the West, but the same cannot be said about India. These cancers have a different biology and confer a better prognosis, however, its current role in the management of patients in India is not clearly defined. At the 35th Indian Cooperative Oncology Network conference held in September 2016, a panel of radiation, surgical and medical oncologists, pathologists, and basic scientists from across the country having experience in clinical research with respect to HPV in HNSCC reviewed the available literature from India. All the ideas and facts were thereafter collated in this report. Various topics of controversy in dealing with the diagnosis and management of HPV-associated HNSCC have been highlighted in this report in context to the Indian scenario. Furthermore, the prevalence of the same and its association with tobacco and high-risk sexual behavior has been touched on. Conclusively, a set of recommendations has been proposed by the panel to guide the practicing oncologists of the country while dealing with HPV-associated HNSCC.

scholarly journals HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS AND ITS NATURE OF INFECTION: AN OVERVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Ranit Das ◽  
Vijay Mishra ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Navneet Khurana
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Genomic Organization ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Orphan Disease ◽  
Organization Mode ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Modern Treatment

Human papillomavirus (HPV) belonging to Papillomaviridae (family of Papillomavirus). HPV infection causes various types of disorders and diseases including cervical, vaginal, anal, penile, oropharyngeal, and lung cancer also cancer in head and neck along with some malignant and benign warts. HPV also found to be responsible for respiratory papillomatosis. Epidermodysplasia verruciformis, an orphan disease termed as tree man disease, is also occurred by the HPV infection. Vaccines show benefit nowadays. Some surgery and adjuvant therapy is also showing response in the treatment of HPV caused cancers. In this abstract, we summarized the types, structures, genomic organization, mode of transmission of the virus along with type of infections, and protection and modern treatment approaches.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus as a driver of head and neck cancers

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elisa Sabatini ◽  
Susanna Chiocca
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract The human papillomavirus (HPV) family includes more than 170 different types of virus that infect stratified epithelium. High-risk HPV is well established as the primary cause of cervical cancer, but in recent years, a clear role for this virus in other malignancies is also emerging. Indeed, HPV plays a pathogenic role in a subset of head and neck cancers—mostly cancers of the oropharynx—with distinct epidemiological, clinical and molecular characteristics compared with head and neck cancers not caused by HPV. This review summarises our current understanding of HPV in these cancers, specifically detailing HPV infection in head and neck cancers within different racial/ethnic subpopulations, and the differences in various aspects of these diseases between women and men. Finally, we provide an outlook for this disease, in terms of clinical management, and consider the issues of ‘diagnostic biomarkers’ and targeted therapies.

scholarly journals DNA Methylation Changes in Human Papillomavirus-Driven Head and Neck Cancers

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chameera Ekanayake Weeramange ◽  
Kai Dun Tang ◽  
Sarju Vasani ◽  
Julian Langton-Lockton ◽  
Liz Kenny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Long Control Region ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
E6 And E7 ◽  
Hpv Oncoproteins ◽  
Cellular Dna ◽  
Methylation Patterns

Disruption of DNA methylation patterns is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Similar to other cancer types, human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven head and neck cancer (HNC) also reveals alterations in its methylation profile. The intrinsic ability of HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 to interfere with DNA methyltransferase activity contributes to these methylation changes. There are many genes that have been reported to be differentially methylated in HPV-driven HNC. Some of these genes are involved in major cellular pathways, indicating that DNA methylation, at least in certain instances, may contribute to the development and progression of HPV-driven HNC. Furthermore, the HPV genome itself becomes a target of the cellular DNA methylation machinery. Some of these methylation changes appearing in the viral long control region (LCR) may contribute to uncontrolled oncoprotein expression, leading to carcinogenesis. Consistent with these observations, demethylation therapy appears to have significant effects on HPV-driven HNC. This review article comprehensively summarizes DNA methylation changes and their diagnostic and therapeutic indications in HPV-driven HNC.

EGFR mutations and human papillomavirus in squamous cell carcinoma of tongue and tonsil

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10027-10027 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Na ◽  
H. Kang ◽  
Y. Park ◽  
J. Koh ◽  
S. Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Egfr Mutation ◽  
Tongue Cancer ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Egfr Mutations ◽  
Tonsil Cancer

10027 Background: Some studies reported the presence of somatic mutation of EGFR in head and neck cancer. Human papillomavirus (HPV) was associated with some types of head and neck cancer. We performed this study to determine clinical significance of EGFR mutation and its association with HPV infection in patients with tongue and tonsil cancer. Methods: We sequenced exons 18–21 of EGFR TK domain and HPV typing was performed using the HPV DNA chip in tissues of patients with tongue and tonsil cancer. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed. Results: Eighty-one patients were included. We detected EGFR mutation in 10 (12%) patients. Mutation was significantly frequent in never-smoker (21% versus 5%; P = 0.031). The mutation frequency did not differ between tongue and tonsil cancer (12% vs. 13%, respectively; P = 0.978). There was no difference between female and male (12% vs. 14%, respectively; P = 0.754). Eleven of 81 (14%) patients were HPV positive. HPV positivity was more common in young (<60 years) than older (≥60 years) patients (20% vs. 3%, respectively; P = 0.039). Patients with tonsil cancer showed more frequent HPV positivity than tongue cancer (42% vs. 2%, respectively; P < 0.001). There was no association between HPV positivity and EGFR mutation. In terms of disease-free survival, patients with EGFR mutation had better survival independently of stage and primary site (hazard ratio, 0.246; 95% CI, 0.075 to 0.802). Conclusions: We did not find association between EGFR mutation and HPV positivity. Patients with EGFR mutation showed better outcome in tongue and tonsil cancer. These results suggest that EGFR mutation may be a prognostic factor in patients with head and neck cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Associated with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Jordanian Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Ashraf I. Khasawneh ◽  
Nisreen Himsawi ◽  
Jumana Abu-Raideh ◽  
Muna Salameh ◽  
Niveen Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Prophylactic Measures

Background: In addition to smoking and alcohol consumption, human papillomavirus (HPV) is a leading etiology for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). However, this causal association is still understudied in Middle Eastern populations. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV-associated infection in the Jordanian HNSCC patients and the associated HPV genotypes. Methods: Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) squamous cell carcinoma samples of the head and neck were collected from two referral centers in Amman, Jordan to determine the existence of HPV DNA. After DNA extraction HPV infection and genotyping were identified using real-time PCR. Results: HPV DNA was detected in 19 out of 61 (31.1%) HNSCC samples. Despite screening for 28 different genotypes, HPV 16 was the only genotype identified in all examined samples. Most HPV-positive samples were obtained from the oropharynx (41.7%), oral cavity (37%), and larynx (18.2%). No significant association between HPV 16 genotype and age, sex, tobacco use, anatomical location, or tumor grade was noticed. Conclusion: This study reported a high association between HPV 16 genotype and HNSCC in Jordanian patients. These data should facilitate the implementation of appropriate HPV awareness campaigns, and activate selective prophylactic measures against HPV infection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document