scholarly journals Human papillomavirus as a driver of head and neck cancers

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elisa Sabatini ◽  
Susanna Chiocca
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract The human papillomavirus (HPV) family includes more than 170 different types of virus that infect stratified epithelium. High-risk HPV is well established as the primary cause of cervical cancer, but in recent years, a clear role for this virus in other malignancies is also emerging. Indeed, HPV plays a pathogenic role in a subset of head and neck cancers—mostly cancers of the oropharynx—with distinct epidemiological, clinical and molecular characteristics compared with head and neck cancers not caused by HPV. This review summarises our current understanding of HPV in these cancers, specifically detailing HPV infection in head and neck cancers within different racial/ethnic subpopulations, and the differences in various aspects of these diseases between women and men. Finally, we provide an outlook for this disease, in terms of clinical management, and consider the issues of ‘diagnostic biomarkers’ and targeted therapies.

The role of HPV vaccination as a cancer prevention agent.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13566-e13566
Author(s):  
N Mullai ◽  
Soleiman Osman ◽  
Joseph Rattenni
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Hpv Status ◽  
High Risk Hpv

e13566 Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted agent and has extensive association with many malignancies such as cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and head and neck cancers. Vaccination helps prevent sexually transmitted diseases due to HPV. In addition, it provides protection against cancers caused by persistent, high-risk HPV infection in both male and female. Methods: Data collected from the medical records of patients diagnosed with anogenital, and head and neck cancers during 2017-2019 were studied retrospectively and the association of HPV infection was analyzed. Results: There were thirty-three cases of anogenital, and head and neck cancers diagnosed during the study period. The following were the occurrences: penile cancer 1, anal cancer 4, cervical/uterine/vaginal cancers 10, and head and neck cancer including tonsil, base of tongue, vocal cord, and glottis 18. HPV status was available in twenty-six (79%) patients. Fourteen patients were positive for high-risk 16/18 HPV strain, twelve were HPV negative, and HPV status was unknown for seven patients. Most of the patients were smokers and none of them had received HPV vaccination. The patients were treated appropriately with chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. Conclusions: Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection type 16/18 is the most common sexually transmitted infection associated with significant anogenital and head and neck cancers.Vaccinations protect against persistent, high-risk HPV infection that may lead to malignancies. However, the HPV vaccination initiation and completion rates are only 41.7% and 21.6% respectively in males, and 60% and 39.7% respectively in females. The lack of opportunity does not appear to be a major reason for this low coverage. Some of the barriers for low adoption of HPV vaccination were concern about vaccine safety (70%), lack of knowledge about HPV related diseases (56%), very young to vaccinate (56%), fear of riskier sexual behavior (56%), and reluctance as not being included in the required immunization schedule (71%). In addition, several people refused HPV vaccination due to misinformation in social media. The primary purpose of HPV vaccination is to help prevent sexually transmitted diseases. Further, such vaccination can also prevent several cancers caused by persistent infection. Therefore, HPV vaccination has the potential to eliminate such risk if enforced at a young age in school. The above study and data stress this role and the importance of public awareness of the HPV vaccine as a cancer prevention agent.

scholarly journals A Current Update on Human Papillomavirus-Associated Head and Neck Cancers

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebenezer Tumban
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Future Challenges

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the cause of a growing percentage of head and neck cancers (HNC); primarily, a subset of oral squamous cell carcinoma, oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The majority of HPV-associated head and neck cancers (HPV + HNC) are caused by HPV16; additionally, co-factors such as smoking and immunosuppression contribute to the progression of HPV + HNC by interfering with tumor suppressor miRNA and impairing mediators of the immune system. This review summarizes current studies on HPV + HNC, ranging from potential modes of oral transmission of HPV (sexual, self-inoculation, vertical and horizontal transmissions), discrepancy in the distribution of HPV + HNC between anatomical sites in the head and neck region, and to studies showing that HPV vaccines have the potential to protect against oral HPV infection (especially against the HPV types included in the vaccines). The review concludes with a discussion of major challenges in the field and prospects for the future: challenges in diagnosing HPV + HNC at early stages of the disease, measures to reduce discrepancy in the prevalence of HPV + HNC cases between anatomical sites, and suggestions to assess whether fomites/breast milk can transmit HPV to the oral cavity.

Head and neck cancer

2016 ◽  
pp. 329-364
Author(s):  
Christine H. Chung ◽  
Andreas Dietz ◽  
Vincent Gregoire ◽  
Marco Guzzo ◽  
Marc Hamoir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Genomic Analyses

This chapter discusses head and neck cancers, and covers the epidemiology and molecular biology of head and neck cancer. Head and neck cancer is a heterogeneous disease and most commonly caused by tobacco and alcohol use, as well as high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HPV-negative and -positive HNSCC are demographically, biologically and clinically distinct entities with more favourable outcomes associated with HPV-positive tumours of the oropharynx. Comprehensive genomic analyses show that more functional loss of tumour suppressors are present in HPV-negative tumours compared to HPV-positive tumours. Furthermore, HNSCC can be molecularly characterized into five subtypes. The challenges facing future investigations are efficient translation of these biological findings into clinically meaningful advancements in patient treatment.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in women in Lomé, Togo

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akouélé P. Kuassi-Kpede ◽  
Essolakina Dolou ◽  
Théodora M. Zohoncon ◽  
Ina Marie Angèle Traore ◽  
Gnatoulma Katawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Precancerous Cervical Lesions ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background The causative agent of cervical cancer referred to as Human papillomavirus (HPV) remains a real public health problem. Many countries in West Africa, such as Togo have no data on the high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection and genotypes distribution. In order to fill the knowledge gap in the field in Togo, the main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix and HR-HPV genotypes among Togolese women. Methods Samples were collected from 240 women by introducing a swab in the cervix. Then, the screening of precancerous cervical lesions using the visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol (VIA / VIL) was conducted. The HR-HPV genotypes were characterised by real-time multiplex PCR. Results Out of 240 women recruited, 128 (53.3%) were infected by HR-HPV. The most common genotypes were HPV 56 (22.7%), followed by HPV 51 (20.3%), HPV 31 (19.5%), HPV 52 (18.8%) and HPV 35 (17.2%). The least common genotypes were HPV 33 (2.3%) and HPV 16 (2.3%). Among the women, 1.3% (3/240) were positive to VIA/VIL. Conclusion This study allowed HR-HPV genotypes to be characterised for the first time in Lomé, Togo. This will help in mapping the HR-HPV genotypes in West Africa.

scholarly journals Current Status of Human Papillomavirus-Related Head and Neck Cancer: From Viral Genome to Patient Care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoru Dong ◽  
Xinhua Shu ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Chen Zhu ◽  
Andreas M. Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Blockade ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
E6 And E7 ◽  
The Continuum

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection identified as a definitive human carcinogen is increasingly being recognized for its role in carcinogenesis of human cancers. Up to 38%–80% of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in oropharyngeal location (OPSCC) and nearly all cervical cancers contain the HPV genome which is implicated in causing cancer through its oncoproteins E6 and E7. Given by the biologically distinct HPV-related OPSCC and a more favorable prognosis compared to HPV-negative tumors, clinical trials on de-escalation treatment strategies for these patients have been studied. It is therefore raised the questions for the patient stratification if treatment de-escalation is feasible. Moreover, understanding the crosstalk of HPV-mediated malignancy and immunity with clinical insights from the proportional response rate to immune checkpoint blockade treatments in patients with HNSCC is of importance to substantially improve the treatment efficacy. This review discusses the biology of HPV-related HNSCC as well as successful clinically findings with promising candidates in the pipeline for future directions. With the advent of various sequencing technologies, further biomolecules associated with HPV-related HNSCC progression are currently being identified to be used as potential biomarkers or targets for clinical decisions throughout the continuum of cancer care.

Psychosocial outcomes of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐ and non‐HPV‐related head and neck cancers: A longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Henry ◽  
Emily Arnovitz ◽  
Saul Frenkiel ◽  
Michael Hier ◽  
Anthony Zeitouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers

Comorbidity and prognosis in head and neck cancers: Differences by subsite, stage, and human papillomavirus status

Head & Neck ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 802-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Habbous ◽  
Luke T. G. Harland ◽  
Anthony La Delfa ◽  
Ehab Fadhel ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers

scholarly journals Systematic review and evidence synthesis of non-cervical human papillomavirus-related disease health system costs and quality of life estimates

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koh Jun Ong ◽  
Marta Checchi ◽  
Lorna Burns ◽  
Charlotte Pavitt ◽  
Maarten J Postma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Anal Cancer ◽  
Penile Cancer ◽  
Vulvar Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Anogenital Warts ◽  
Utility Elicitation

BackgroundMany economic evaluations of human papillomavirus vaccination should ideally consider multiple disease outcomes, including anogenital warts, respiratory papillomatosis and non-cervical cancers (eg, anal, oropharyngeal, penile, vulvar and vaginal cancers). However, published economic evaluations largely relied on estimates from single studies or informal rapid literature reviews.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of articles up to June 2016 to identify costs and utility estimates admissible for an economic evaluation from a single-payer healthcare provider’s perspective. Meta-analyses were performed for studies that used same utility elicitation tools for similar diseases. Costs were adjusted to 2016/2017 US$.ResultsSixty-one papers (35 costs; 24 utilities; 2 costs and utilities) were selected from 10 742 initial records. Cost per case ranges were US$124–US$883 (anogenital warts), US$6912–US$52 579 (head and neck cancers), US$12 936–US$51 571 (anal cancer), US$17 524–34 258 (vaginal cancer), US$14 686–US$28 502 (vulvar cancer) and US$9975–US$27 629 (penile cancer). The total cost for 14 adult patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis was US$137 601 (one paper).Utility per warts episode ranged from 0.651 to 1 (12 papers, various utility elicitation methods), with pooled mean EQ-5D and EQ-VAS of 0.86 (95% CI 0.85 to 0.87) and 0.74 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.75), respectively. Fifteen papers reported utilities in head and neck cancers with range 0.29 (95% CI 0.0 to 0.76) to 0.94 (95% CI 0.3 to 1.0). Mean utility reported ranged from 0.5 (95% CI 0.4 to 0.61) to 0.65 (95% CI 0.45 to 0.75) (anal cancer), 0.59 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.64) (vaginal cancer), 0.65 (95% CI 0.60 to 0.70) (vulvar cancer) and 0.79 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.84) (penile cancer).ConclusionsDifferences in values reported from each paper reflect variations in cancer site, disease stages, study population, treatment modality/setting and utility elicitation methods used. As patient management changes over time, corresponding effects on both costs and utility need to be considered to ensure health economic assumptions are up-to-date and closely reflect the case mix of patients.

The genomic distribution map of human papillomavirus in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Chen ◽  
Yan Dong ◽  
Jiao Li ◽  
Jinqiu Zhao ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Double Infection ◽  
Genomic Distribution ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract In this study, a total of 301,880 woman were recruited from 4 different regions of China. The overall prevalence of HPV was 18.01 %. The high-risk HPV infection rate was 79.14%, the low-risk HPV infection rate was 12.56 %, and the mixed HPV infection rate was 8.30%. The most common 4 HR HPV subtypes were HPV-52, 16, 58 and 53, which accounted for 20.49 %, 19.93 %, 14.54 % and 10.01 %. In LR HPV genotype, HPV-6 ranked the highest (28.17 %), followed by HPV-81 (9.09 %) and HPV-11 (3.78 %). HPV genotype subgroup analysis also showed that single-type infections had the highest prevalence rate (77.26 %) among HPV positive individuals. Among muti-infection genotype, double infection was the most common with frequencies of 76.04 %. This large report showed that the overall prevalence of HPV was high in China, whose distribution exhibits different patterns across different particular age and regions. Viral genotypes HPV 53, 6 were frequently detected in this population, which is worth of significant clinical attention.

Carriage of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in male subjects in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sya Forazoun Bienvenue Tamini ◽  
Theodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon ◽  
Serge Theophile Soubeiga ◽  
Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma ◽  
Ina Marie Angele Traore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Male Subjects

Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a public health problem in Africa because of its frequency and its various consequences in both men and women. In Burkina Faso, there is little data on the carriage of HPV infection in male subjects. This study aimed to determine the carriage of HPV infection in male subjects in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted from December 2015 to September 2016. During this study period, a total of 124 male subjects who gave informed consent were recruited as part of a fertility assessment. Semen samples were analyzed by Real- Time PCR using Real TM Quant High Risk Screen HPV kit to detect 14 high-risk HPV genotypes. The Chi square test was used for comparisons.Results Of the 124 male subjects, 22 were positive for at least one high-risk HPV, with a prevalence of 17.7%. HPV 56 was the most represented genotype with a frequency of 20%, followed by HPV 39 (11%) and HPV 68 (11%), HPV 16 (8%). The genotypes HPV 18, HPV33, HPV35, HPV51 and HPV52 also had the same frequency of 6% each and the HPV 31, 45, 59 and 66 had the same frequency of 3% each. Of the 22 positive cases, 10 were multiple infections. Spermocytogram of patients showed at least one abnormality in 87.9% of cases. Necrozoospermia and oligozoospermia were the most abnormalities observed with 42% and 40% respectively followed by asthenospermia (18%); teratozoospermia (16%) and azoospermia (14%).Conclusion This study showed that like women, men are infected by HPV with a relatively high prevalence. In addition, the predominant genotypes in the male subjects of this study are not those targeted by the HPV vaccines available in our countries. Hence the need to reinforce the strategies for controlling HPV infection and HPV prophylactic vaccination for young boys.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document