scholarly journals Inner-City Suburbanization – no Contradiction in Terms. Middle-Class Family Enclaves are Spreading in the Cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Frank
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
Middle Class Family ◽  
The City ◽  
Middle Class Families ◽  
City Centres

AbstractThe rapid emergence and spread of new housing quarters that specifically address middle-class families is a striking feature of current urban development. Despite being located in or near the city centres, many of these ‘family enclaves’ display social and physical characteristics that so far have been firmly associated with suburban living. Against this background, the purpose of this article is twofold. The first objective is to argue from a theoretical perspective that the notion of ‘inner-city suburbanization’ is appropriate and helpful to capture the hybrid and contradictory nature of these projects as well as of many of the current socio-spatial developments in Western metropolitan regions. For this purpose, the paper draws on newer approaches that conceive of (urban or suburban) ways of living as independent of specific (urban or suburban) spaces or places. The second issue, based on empirical research, is then to sketch the essential qualities of newly built middle-class family enclaves and to highlight their propagation as a major characteristic of urban transformation in Germany. Their continuing expansion is interpreted as an expression and catalyst of ongoing processes of inner-city suburbanization. It is asserted that suburbanism has not only made its mark on the outskirts of the cities but is increasingly conquering growing parts of the inner cities as well.

scholarly journals Berlin's construction groups and the politics of bottom-up architecture

Urban History ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-711
Author(s):  
FLORIAN URBAN
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Urban History ◽  
Western Country ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Community Values ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
Middle Class Families

ABSTRACT:In the 2000s, Berlin saw the formation of so-called Baugruppen (construction groups) – associations of small-scale investors who pooled their modest capital to commission an architect and construct a multistorey building in which they would own and occupy a flat. They were mostly middle-class families united by a belief in community values and neighbourly contact as well as the qualities of urban living. This article will present the construction groups as an example of bottom-up architecture in an industrialized western country, in which individual initiatives and user-centred design had to be negotiated within a highly professionalized environment, as well as with contradictory political positions. It will show that construction groups brought together various threads of Berlin's recent urban history: the gradual integration of radical post-1968 lifestyles into mainstream society, the ‘return to the inner city’ connected with the increasing popularity of ‘new tenements’, and the evolution of innovative, post-functionalist architecture.

scholarly journals Rethinking Multicultural Planning: An Empirical Study of Ethnic Retailing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixi Cecilia Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Planning Practice ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Legislative Structure ◽  
The City

The recent waves of immigration have dramatically impacted urban landscapes and economies of Canada’s largest metropolitan regions. One notable phenomenon is the rise of ethnic retail strips and centers as physical markers of increasing multiculturalism. The dynamics of ethnic retailing pose various opportunities and challenges for municipalities; yet, our knowledge of its complexities is limited and current literature on multicultural planning offers little useful guidance in planning practice. This study examines three retail strips in the inner city of Toronto, namely East Chinatown, the Gerrard India Bazaar, and Corso Italia, and one suburban Asian theme mall, the Pacific Mall in the City of Markham in an attempt to identify the role of urban planning in responding to the rise of ethnic retail neighbourhoods. The findings of the four cases indicate that urban planners have been unable to intervene actively in ethnic retail and direct its development and growth. The planning legislative structure and the lack of policy support hinder planners’ capacity to be proactive. Planners cannot work alone to build multicultural cities. This paper concludes on the importance of municipal intervention interdepartmental collaboration as useful implications for multicultural planning practice. Résumé: Les récentes vagues d'immigration ont considérablement affecté les paysages urbains et les économies des plus grandes régions métropolitaines du Canada. Un phénomène remarquable est la montée de bandes ethniques de détail et des centres en tant que marqueurs physiques de multiculturalisme croissant. La dynamique du commerce de détail ethnique posent diverses opportunités et des défis pour les municipalités, et pourtant, notre connaissance de sa complexité est limitée et la littérature actuelle sur la planification multiculturelle offre peu d'indications utiles pour planifier la pratique. Cette étude porte sur trois bandes de détail dans le centre-ville de Toronto, à savoir East Chinatown, le Gerrard India Bazaar et Corso Italia, et un centre commercial de banlieue thème asiatique, Pacific Mall dans la ville de Markham dans une tentative d'identifier le rôle des villes la planification pour répondre à la hausse des quartiers ethniques de vente au détail. Les résultats de ces quatre cas indiquent que les urbanistes ont pu intervenir activement dans ethnique détail et orienter son développement et sa croissance. La structure de la programmation législative et le manque de soutien politique entravent la capacité des planificateurs d'être proactif. Les planificateurs peuvent pas travailler seul à construire des villes multiculturelles. Cet article conclut sur l'importance de l'intervention municipale et la collaboration interministérielle comme conséquences utiles pour la pratique de planification multiculturelle.

Local Forms and Ifranji Pleasures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toufoul Abou-Hodeib
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Press ◽  
Stylistic Influences ◽  
The City

Looking beyond the anxiety over “ifranji” influence, this chapter examines how popular domestic items were marketed, the outlets where they could be acquired, and the labor, material, and styles that went into their production. The chapter shows how advertisements in the press promoted the latest fashionable imports while trying to advocate local industries. In addition, both modern and old inner city souks were not set apart by imported and traditional goods, respectively, but rather by a growing separation between areas of production and consumption across the city. Finally, the most popular domestic items involved labor, raw material, and stylistic influences that cut across the local, regional, and global levels. This crisscrossing not only rendered the line between ifranji and Oriental difficult to trace in reality, but also complicated the intellectual project of middle-class modernity.

The City-Suburban Cleavage in Canadian Federal Politics

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Alan Walks
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Urban Geography ◽  
Housing Tenure ◽  
Political Behaviour ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
Social Composition ◽  
Party Voting ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Abstract.Despite increasing speculation and attention, as of yet insufficient empirical research has been conducted on the possibility of a political cleavage based on differences between Canadian inner cities and suburbs. This article sheds light on the potential existence of such differences by analyzing federal elections at the level of the constituency from 1945 to 1997. Results show that city-suburban differences in federal party voting did not become significant until the 1980s, and increased after this point, with inner-city residents remaining to the left of the rest of Canada in their party preferences while suburbanites shifted increasingly to the right in their voting patterns. The results obtained from regression analysis suggest that such a divergence cannot be reduced solely to differences in social composition, housing tenure, or region, and thus confirm that it constitutes a ‘true’ political cleavage. It is argued that intra-urban geography needs to taken into account in future analyses of Canadian political behaviour.Résumé.Malgré un intérêt croissant pour la question, il existe encore peu de recherches empiriques sur un possible clivage politique dont les fondements seraient les différences entre les quartiers urbains centraux et les banlieues. Cet article jette un nouvel éclairage sur l'existence possible de ces différences à partir d'une analyse des résultats électoraux dans les circonscriptions fédérales entre 1945 et 1997. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que les différences entre le vote pour les partis politiques fédéraux ne sont devenues significatives que pendant les années 1980, mais qu'elles se sont exacerbées par la suite, les résidents de quartiers centraux demeurant à la gauche de l'échiquier politique tandis que les banlieues votaient de plus en plus à droite. Les résultats de l'analyse de régression suggèrent que ces différences ne sont pas seulement attribuables à la composition sociale, au taux de propriété, ou encore à la région, et constituent par le fait même un “ véritable ” clivage politique. L'auteur conclut que l'analyse géographique intra-urbaine devra être prise en compte dans les analyses futures du comportement politique Canadien.

Antonina Domańska (1853–1917). W środowisku rodzinnym Kremerów

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Isabel Röskau-Rydel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Medical Doctor ◽  
Domestic Environment ◽  
Middle Class Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
The City ◽  
Close Contacts

Antonina Domańska (1853–1917). Writer’s Domestic Environment The children’s author Antonina Domańska (1853–1917) came from a well-known Kraków middle-class family of German-Austrian descent. Joseph Kremer, the progenitor and grandfather of Antonina, was granted his rights as a citizen of the City of Krakow in 1796. His three sons, Józef, Karol and Aleksander (the father of Antonina) all received a thorough education and in time became accomplished figures of Polish science and arts. Aleksander Kremer (1813–1880) starting in 1842 lived in Kamieniec Podolski and worked there as a doctor. There, he married Modesta Płońska who in 1853 gave birth to their daughter, Antonina. After the fall of the January Uprising of 1863, the family was forced to leave Russian-occupied Poland and return to Krakow. Here Antonina Kremer obtained her education in a boarding school for girls; in 1874 she married Stanisław Domański, a surgeon. She took care of the household and looked after her five children, two of which survived into adulthood. Beginning in 1890, Antonina Domańska took to writing stories for children and young adults. She maintained close contacts with the family of Lucjan Rydel Sr, a medical doctor, whose wife Helena, the daughter of prof. Józef Kremer, was her cousin. But it Isabel Röskau-Rydel was her cousin’s son, the poet and writer Lucjan Rydel Jr (1870–1918), who – as the correspondence between them readily shows – inspired her in her literary endeavours, advised her on publishing her works and was a trustworthy partner for discussions on possible topics for her tales for children and young adults.

The People of the Abyss

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara S. Hodson
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The People ◽  
Middle Class Family ◽  
Jacob Riis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Henry Mayhew ◽  
East End ◽  
City Of London ◽  
The City

The People of the Abyss is Jack London’s study of the poor in the city of London, England, in 1902. This essay places the book in the context of earlier poverty studies by Joseph Tuckerman, Henry Mayhew, William Booth, Charles Loring Brace, Jacob Riis, Robert Blatchford, George Hawes, and others. The essay then considers four tensions within London’s book: between London’s roles as both observer and participant, between his affinity for the lower classes of his own origin and his new status as a successful writer and middle-class family man, between his feelings of both revulsion and sympathy for the poor, and between the docile and subservient poor and those who are spirited or rebellious in the face of charity. The interplay of these tensions enables London to portray vividly and examine fully the lives of the poor who inhabit the East End of the city of London.

City

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Erikson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
The United States ◽  
Culture Of Poverty ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
The People ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The City ◽  
Ways Of Life

This chapter examines the ways of life in the city. The world is now moving into an age when the vast majority of people will live in (or around) cities. This is already the case in Europe and the United States, and it is becoming a reality in Latin America. The chapter first describes the early cities before discussing the sociology of cities in the United States, focusing on immigration and migration. It then considers the emergence of suburbs and how they are related to the American inner cities. It also discusses the people of the inner city that are referred to as an “underclass,” living in what Oscar Lewis called a “culture of poverty.” Finally, it looks at new developments that are shaping what may well be the urban landscape of the future, including the new downtowns and sunbelt cities.

THE URBAN TRANSFORMATION OF TRADITIONAL CITY CENTRES: HOLY KARBALA AS A CASE STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabeeh Lafta Farhan ◽  
Mohamed Gamal Abdelmonem ◽  
Zuhair A. Nasar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Transformation ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Urban Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The City ◽  
City Centres

Karbala is one of the metropolitan cities in Iraq, its historic and religious centre has a long history, yet many of its buildings are under threat because of unclear conservation management due to urban transformation. The history of religious rituals and processions reflects an array of values, concepts and planning philosophy that has used the power of religion and holiness of the city as a source of homogeneity and integration. By looking at the mass-pilgrimage spatial practices to the Holy Shrines in Karbala city centre and the adaptation by its residents of their domestic neighbourhoods, this paper analyses the spatial conditions of the city and offers insights into a set of factors that have shaped its historical evolution and urban spaces.    The paper is in three parts; first, it discusses the causes of the urban transformation in this holy city. Secondly, it documents a set of everyday practices and problems in Karbala city, focusing on the urban level (the traditional fabric), following the analytical method of the historic evolution of Karbala as a religious centre as well as the incompatibility of the modern development with the centre’s historical heritage.  Thirdly, it analyses the transformation of the urban structure by discussing the characteristics of the historical centre and the role of legislation in urban transformation of traditional city centres.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Locus of Control in Underachievers and Normal Achievers

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Tarun Deep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
School Students ◽  
Initial Identification ◽  
The City ◽  
Middle Class Families

The current study aimed at estimating a percentage of underachievers in the sample of school students across the city of Chandigarh. It also aimed at studying self efficacy in underachievers in comparison to normal achievers. A sample of 105 students of class tenth, hailing from intact middle class families formed the sample. After initial identification of underachievers, both the groups were compared for the extent of externality. t ratio was found to be highly significant depicting that underachievers are high on the construct of externality.

scholarly journals Non inner-city gentrification in Israel

Dela ◽  
2004 ◽  
pp. 437-444
Author(s):  
Amiram Gonen
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Housing Estates

In the recent two decades, as result of growing preference among the Jewish middle class for detached residence, many suburbs and villages were subject to gentrification. Especially prone to gentrification, were housing estates built in the 1950s at low densities. It was, then, the increasing suburbanization middle-class households that brought about the gentrificati-on of these neighborhoods. A similar process took place in immigrant towns and villages on the periphery of metropolitan regions.

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