scholarly journals Fatty acid homeostasis in honey bees (Apis mellifera) fed commercial diet supplements

Apidologie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Corby-Harris ◽  
Meghan M. Bennett ◽  
Megan E. Deeter ◽  
Lucy Snyder ◽  
Charlotte Meador ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Diet Supplements ◽  
Foraging Preference ◽  
Low Linolenic ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractHoney bees obtain lipids from pollen or commercial supplements. These supplements do not fully support colony health. We tested the hypothesis that supplements are deficient because they lack essential fatty acids (EFAs). The five supplements we tested had low linolenic (⍵3) acid and were unbalanced (⍵6:⍵3 > 6) compared to natural pollen. We selected two of these supplements for further study because they had different levels of individual EFAs and different ⍵6:⍵3 ratios. Bees from hives fed these different supplements had equivalent tissue EFA levels. In choice assays, hives fed these different supplements were presented with flours with various absolute and relative levels of EFAs. We saw no difference in foraging preference. Rather, all hives preferred flours with small grain size and high protein to lipid ratios. We conclude that bees balance their internal EFAs and that differential colony nutrition does not affect foraging preference. The data also argue for more linolenic (⍵3) acid in commercial supplements.

Chlorella vulgaris as a Source of Essential Fatty Acids and Micronutrients: A Brief Commentary

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hércules Rezende Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Algae Biomass ◽  
Dietary Consumption ◽  
Acid Consumption

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) comprise about 35-40% of the total lipid content from green algaeChlorella, reaching up to 24% linoleic acid and 27% α-linolenic acid inC. vulgaris. Also, microalgae nutrient composition may be modulated by changes in the culture medium, increasing fatty acid and microelement concentrations in the algae biomass. PUFAs, such as α-linolenic (n-3) and linoleic (n-6) acids, as well as its derivatives, are considered essential for dietary consumption, and their ability to regulate body chemistry has been recently explored in depth. A balanced fatty acid consumption is shown to counteract the negative effects of western diets, such as chronic inflammation and glucose intolerance. In this brief commentary, technological and practical uses ofC. vulgarisare explored as means to improve dietary quality and, ultimately, human health.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERBEDAAN KANDUNGAN ASAM LEMAK N-3 DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP PENAMPILAN REPRODUKSI IKAN ZEBRA (Brachydanio rerio)

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Nur Bambang Priyo Utomo ◽  
Ing Mokoginta ◽  
Lia Nurmalia
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Brachydanio Rerio ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Somatic Index ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Low Dosage

This experiment was conducted to determine the dietary n-3 fatty acid requirement for reproduction of broodstock zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio. Three isonitrogenous (39% crude protein) and isocaloric (3,260 kcal digestible energy/kg diet) practical diets, namely diets A, B, and C, with different levels of fatty acids were fed to zebrafish broodstock. The broodstock were cultivated in aquaria. Diet A contained low dosage of n-3 fatty acids (0.4%) and 2% n-6 fatty acids, while diets B and C contained 2% n-6 fatty acids, combined respectively with 1% and 1.5% n-3 fatty acids. Fish were fed ad satiation for 60 days using these diets. During feeding periode, gonade maturation stages were examined. The n-3 and n-6 fatty acids affected fecundity, fertilization rate, and hatching rate. On the other hand, fish fed on diets A, B, or C did not show any significance differences in the gonade somatic index and total Survival Rate (SR) of larvae produced. Fish fed on diet B produced the highest fecundity (616 eggs/g of fish), fertilization rate (94.6%), and hatching rate (93.8%). The total lipid content of eggs were significant, ranging from B (29.7%), C (23.7%), and A (16.1%). At a dosage of 2% n-6 fatty acids, zebrafish require 1% of dietary n-3 fatty acids in the diet for reproduction. Excess dosage of n-3 fatty acid in the diet adversely affected fecundity, fertilization rate, and hatching rate.

scholarly journals Fatty acid chemistry of Atrichum undulatum and Hypnum andoi

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Pejin ◽  
Ljubodrag Vujisic ◽  
Marko Sabovljevic ◽  
Vele Tesevic ◽  
Vlatka Vajs
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Moss Species

The fatty acid composition of the moss species Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. (Polytrichaceae) and Hypnum andoi A.J.E. Sm. (Hypnaceae) collected in winter time were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as a contribution to their chemistry. Eight fatty acids were identified in the chloroform/methanol extract 1:1 of A. undulatum (linoleic acid 26.80%, palmitic acid 22.17%, ?-linolenic acid 20.50%, oleic acid 18.49%, arachidonic acid 6.21%, stearic acid 3.34%, cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid 1.52% and behenic acid 1.01%), while six fatty acids were found in the same type of extract of H. andoi (palmitic acid 63.48%, erucic acid 12.38%, stearic acid 8.08%, behenic acid 6.26%, lignoceric acid 5.16% and arachidic acid 4.64%). According to this study, the moss A. undulatum can be considered as a good source of both essential fatty acids for humans (linoleic acid and ?-linolenic acid) during the winter.

scholarly journals Study on the Profile of Fatty Acids of Broiler Chicken Raised and Slaughtered in Industrial System

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 4089-4094
Author(s):  
Marius Mihai Ciobanu ◽  
Paul Corneliu Boisteanu ◽  
Daniel Simeanu ◽  
Alina Narcisa Postolache ◽  
Roxana Lazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Industrial System ◽  
Nutritional Indices ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Different Levels

Fatty acid profile and the related nutritional indices of the breast, thigh and drumstick muscles were studied at three farms, suppliers of ROSS 308 line of broilers, slaughtered at the age of 42 days. The proximate chemical composition of the commercial slaughter cuts revealed contents between 16.26�22.78% for proteins and 1.80�7.45% for total lipids, the breast having the highest protein and ash content and lowest values for fat and moisture. The obtained values were mainly affected by region (P[0.001). Meat fatty acid profile was affected (P[0.001) by commercial slaughter regions (CSR) and by the interactions between CSR and supplier farms (Farm A, B, and C) at different levels. The obvious findings highlighted that Farm B supplied broilers with a delivered higher content of beneficial fatty acids (LA, LNA, AA, EPA, and DHA) in breasts and drumstick, while for thigh, Farm C had the best results. The content of total saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) had the highest level in the thigh (P[0.001).

scholarly journals Effects of Essential Fatty Acids Containing Natural and Commercial Diets on Larvae Rearing of the Green Mud Crab Scylla Paramamosain (Estampador 1949)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-126
Author(s):  
M. L. Islam ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
K. Yahya ◽  
R. Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Mud Crab ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Commercial Diets

Effect of essential fatty acids (EFA) on growth and survival of the green mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) larvae was assessed by feeding with natural to commercial diets. The feeding schemes were: larvae reared with Artemia (T1); larvae initially fed with rotifers (up to Z2) and ended (Z3 to megalopa) with Artemia (T2); and larvae fed with rotifers up to Z2 and ended (Z3 to megalopa) with commercial diet (T3). The commercial diet had significantly (p<0.05) higher levels of docosahexaenoic acid (11.23%), ?n-3’s (15.90%) and ?n-6’s (4.21%); and lacked in eicosapentaenoic acid (2.25%) than rotifer and Artemia. The earliest commencement of megalopa stage within 15 days with significantly (p<0.05) higher larval stage index (LSI) of 5.90±0.17 was achieved from the feeding scheme of T2 than other two feeding schemes. This feeding scheme deposited 17.32±0.19% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 3.82±0.11% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); the ?n-3 to ?n-6 ratio of 0.20 and EPA to DHA ratio of 0.22 in megalopa, that stimulated significantly higher (p<0.05) megalopa survival (20.00±6.96%) indicating the superiority over rest feeding schemes. Meanwhile, some deformities and mortalities in Z5 and megalopa stages suggested further studies for optimization of specific fatty acid requirements for late larval stages (Z5 and megalopa).

scholarly journals Response to important considerations when assessing the effect of essential fatty acids on cognitive performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Dong ◽  
Dongfeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract In this letter, we respond to the comments raised by Visaria et al. in their letter to the editor about the publication “Association of dietary ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids intake with cognitive performance in older adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014”. We have further adjusted for some key covariates as the authors mentioned in the letter and performed sensitivity analysis by excluding vegetarians considering the bioavailability of fatty acids from different sources. In conclusion, the results were basically consistent with our previous results, which showed that the results were stable and reliable. We hope that our study could be helpful in further studies delineating the various intricacies of fatty acid nutrition and metabolism and control for covariates.

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