The relationship between individual entrepreneurial orientation, network ties, and entrepreneurial intention of undergraduate students: implications on entrepreneurial education

Studies on individual entrepreneurial orientation as well as the relationship between innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking have not received much attention in the entrepreneurship literature. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relationship between the components of individual entrepreneurial orientation and examine the relationship between entrepreneurship education, individual entrepreneurial orientation, and entrepreneurial intention. The model developed was tested on 231 management and business students who have completed an entrepreneurship education program in the university. The data obtained were processed using PLS-SEM statistical programming to evaluate the outer and inner structure of the model. This study indicates that most of the arguments of the model compilers as explicitly observed in determining the effect of proactiveness on innovation have been confirmed. At the same time, risk-taking was discovered not to affect personal innovativeness. Entrepreneurship education was also proven to have affected individual entrepreneurial orientation, while only innovativeness and risk-taking were confirmed to have the ability to increase entrepreneurial intention. The findings succeeded in filling the void related to the study on the relationship dynamics between the dimensions forming individual entrepreneurial orientation. They also comprehensively complement the study model designed in the scope of individual entrepreneurial orientation, which was partially completed. Therefore, the results are expected to provide direction for educators and scholars in the area of entrepreneurship.

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Effectuation Approach in Accessing Significance of Entrepreneurial Education on Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention

Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance ◽

10.52962/ipjaf.2018.2.4.50 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 35-43

Author(s):

Ayotunde Adetola Adelaja ◽

Modile Adekunle Umar ◽

Mike Terkuma Soomiyol ◽

Roshidah Ahmad ◽

Iliyasu Shiyanbade Najeemdeen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Practical Significance ◽

Entrepreneurial Education ◽

Access To Finance ◽

Postgraduate Students ◽

Managerial Implications ◽

Local Students ◽

The Relationship

Using effectation theory, this study accesses the practical significance of entrepreneurial education in enhancing students’ entrepreneurial intention of examining the students’ perceived significance of access to finance as a determining factor to entreprenurship as well as the moderating effect of financial access on the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intention. To achieve this, an online survey via google form was sent out to UUM students who have at one time has entrepreneurial education exposure. This study includes both postgraduate students and undergraduate students, international and local students. 250 students decided to fill up the online survey within a period of one month. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 23 with pre-installed process macro developed by Hayes (2013). The findings reveal that both entrepreneurial education and access to finance contributes significantly to their entrepreneurial intention. However, the students perceive access to finance as a causal factor to entrepreneurial intention rather than an effectuation factor. This implies that the education offered can be argued to have more of managerial implications rather than entrepreneurial approach.

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Testing mediating effects of individual entrepreneurial orientation on the relation between close environmental factors and entrepreneurial intention

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research ◽

10.1108/ijebr-08-2019-0505 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 771-791 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Izaias Martins ◽

Juan Pablo Perez

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Survey Method ◽

Content Type ◽

Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽

Individual Level ◽

Mediating Role

PurposeDrawing on the literature on entrepreneurial intention (EI), this paper develops and tests a model that aims to explain student EI by considering the valuation of entrepreneurship and the venture failure stigmatization in the closer environment of the respondent and the role of individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) through direct and indirect effects.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a survey method for data collection. As such, this study was conducted by considering a sample of 1,155 undergraduate students from different majors. Structural equation modeling is used to validate the theoretical model.FindingsThe findings suggest that a positive closer valuation of entrepreneurship facilitates students' EI. In turn, a closer stigma of entrepreneurial failure hinders students' EI. More importantly, IEO has a significant mediating role in both of these relationships. The findings offer important theoretical and practical implications for the field of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial behavior.Originality/valueThe paper offers a new insight relating environmental cognitive elements and their impact on EI, besides how IEO represents a determinant role shaping these relations. The proposed model is original and makes a connection between two widely validated constructs and evidences the relationship that may exist between the orientation and the real intention of setting up a business. Moreover, IEO has rarely been addressed for verifying interaction effects. This paper is one of the very first studies that applies the IEO (individual-level of entrepreneurial orientation) as a mediating variable.

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Extending the debate over entrepreneurial education effectiveness: the case of a Saudi university

Education + Training ◽

10.1108/et-12-2019-0273 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 62 (7/8) ◽

pp. 805-823

Author(s):

Tahar Lazhar Ayed

Keyword(s):

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Entrepreneurial Education ◽

Government Officials ◽

Psychological Variables ◽

Content Type ◽

Entrepreneurial Culture ◽

Mediator Role ◽

The Relationship ◽

Significant Mediator ◽

Practical Implications

PurposeThis study aims to assess the effectiveness of entrepreneurial education (EE) through its impact on the predictor of behavior, which is entrepreneurial intention (EI), by studying the context of a Saudi university, in this case, Umm Al Qura University (UQU). The research theorizes a relationship between EE, innovativeness (INN) as a dimension of personality traits (PTs), and EI, mediated by entrepreneurial motivation (EM). Additionally, in this study, INN played a mediator role between EE and EI.Design/methodology/approachAll direct and indirect effects were tested using a quantitative approach. A sample of 240 undergraduate UQU students from different specialties was applied. UQU is witnessing an unprecedented movement that seeks to spread entrepreneurial culture throughout the educational system as a whole, following the recommendations of the Kingdom's 2030 vision.FindingsThe results indicate that EE and INN significantly predicted EI, though in an uneven manner. However, EM played a significant mediator role only between INN and EI. INN is a significant mediator in the relationship between EE and EI.Practical implicationsFuture entrepreneurs must learn how to think, communicate, solve problems, deal with failure and exploit new opportunities. However, the debate over the contribution of EE to entrepreneurs is continuing. All educators, government officials, members of society and others are involved in encouraging entrepreneurial initiative. They should consider and understand how to affect entrepreneurial feasibility and desirability.Originality/valueVariables included in the research model are not original; however, rarely in recent research works have psychological variables such as EM and INN been integrated into one model to explain the intention to enterprise business. This study provides a well-supported explanation of intention as a good predictor of entrepreneurial behavior that will be useful to all involved in encouraging potential entrepreneurs to succeed.

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PERCEIVED BARRIERS TO ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SELF-EFFICACY

Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship ◽

10.1142/s1084946720500168 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (03) ◽

pp. 2050016

Author(s):

EMRE ŞAHIN DÖLARSLAN ◽

AKIN KOÇAK ◽

PHILIP WALSH

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Social Cognitive ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Perceived Barriers ◽

Deterrent Effect ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Intention Formation ◽

The Relationship

Drawing from Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), the purpose of the study is to enhance understanding of the intention formation mechanism within the context of perceived barriers and self-efficacy (SE). The current study assesses whether SE mediates the relationship between perceived barriers and entrepreneurial intention (EI). The study specifically analyzed the relationship among perceived barriers, SE and EI. In addition, the direct and indirect effects of perceived barriers on intention are examined. Based on a survey of 471 undergraduate students who have taken management courses, our findings suggest the SE level of potential entrepreneurs is not sufficient to determine the intention formation even if the decisive effect of SE on EI is found. Therefore, in contrast to earlier studies, the results obtained from this study reveal the necessity to take into account the deterrent effect of the perceived barriers to evaluating the effect of SE in the formation of EI.

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STRUCTURAL EQUATION TEST OF ENTREPRENEURIAL EDUCATION AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS AMONG NIGERIAN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS

10.36108/unizikjb/0202.30.0250 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Chidera Christian Ugwuanyi ◽

Pamela Ifeoma Nwagbo ◽

Ikechukwu Joseph Attamah

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Model ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Future Research ◽

Entrepreneurial Education ◽

University Undergraduates

The purpose of this paper is to examine the causal relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intention among undergraduates. The paper investigates how the outcome of an effective entrepreneurial education system- attitude, skills and knowledge could affect the intentions of the students to choosing entrepreneurship as a career choice. The study was conducted in Enugu state, Nigeria among university undergraduates. A total of 250 students were engaged but only 196 valid responses were gathered. The structural model and the hypotheses were tested using partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach in SmartPLS M2.0 software. Our findings reveal that the proposed determinants all bear positive relationships with entrepreneurial intention in varying degrees. Also we found entrepreneurial knowledge to have a direct impact on entrepreneurial attitude. Managerial and practical implications were made as well as future research avenues suggested.

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Pengaruh Close Environmental Factors Terhadap Entrepreneurial Intentions Dimediasi Oleh Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation

Jurnal Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan ◽

10.24912/jmk.v3i2.11877 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 335

Author(s):

Della Monica ◽

Andi Wijaya

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Research Methods ◽

Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

Department Faculty ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the close environmental factors near students influenced their entrepreneurial intentions and was mediated by individual entrepreneurial orientation in students of the Management Department, Faculty of Economics and Business, Tarumanagara University. Using descriptive research methods processed with SmartPLS 3.3.2. The number of samples used in the study were 121 student respondents who had taken entrepreneurship courses. The results showed that individual entrepreneurial orientation mediated the relationship between environmental factors near students and entrepreneurial intentions, but the stigma of entrepreneurial failure had no effect on entrepreneurial intentions. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji apakah faktor lingkungan dekat mahasiswa berpengaruh terhadap niat berwirausaha mereka dan di mediasi oleh orientasi kewirausahaan individu pada mahasiswa/i Jurusan Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Tarumanagara. Menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif yang diolah dengan SmartPLS 3.3.2. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian sebanyak 121 responden mahasiswa yang telah mengambil mata kuliah kewirausahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa orientasi kewirausahaan individu memediasi hubungan antara faktor lingkungan dekat mahasiswa dengan niat berwirausaha, tetapi stigma tentang kegagalan kewirausahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap niat berwirausaha.

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Entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intention: When more learning exposures are efficacious

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis ◽

10.24914/jeb.v24i2.4181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 271-288

Author(s):

Hardo Firmana Given Grace Manik ◽

Airlangga Surya Kusuma

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

University Students ◽

Risk Taking ◽

Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽

Student Organizations ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Two Dimensions ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽

The World

Many business schools in the world seek to create newly aspiring entrepreneurs starting from their university years. Many Indonesian universities also engage in this challenging effort. This study investigates the effect of students’ individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) on entrepreneurial intention (EI) through regression analysis and t-test on 200 students from several major Indonesian universities. Our results indicate that all IEO dimensions (i.e., innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness, passion, and perseverance) positively affect EI. These findings fill in the gap regarding the IEO studies in other contexts by adding two new dimensions, namely passion and perseverance. Further, this study demonstrates that students who have taken entrepreneurship courses exhibit greater effect of IEO on EI, but only in two dimensions (i.e., risk taking and proactiveness). Besides, students who actively participate in student organizations exhibit higher IEO than those who do not, especially in three dimensions dimensions (i.e., innovativeness, risk taking, proactiveness). Hence, this study underscores the importance of various learning exposures (not only in the classroom) for university students to develop their IEO.

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Student’s entrepreneurial orientation and intentions

Higher Education Skills and Work-based Learning ◽

10.1108/heswbl-01-2019-0009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Sumit Kumar ◽

Zahoor Ahmad Paray ◽

Amit Kumar Dwivedi

Keyword(s):

Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽

Engineering Students ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Higher Learning ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Academic Background ◽

Content Type ◽

Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽

Learning Institutions

PurposeThis study is aimed to measure and understand the relationship between individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) and entrepreneurial intention (EI) among students of higher learning institutions (HLI’s) in India. This study is focused on understanding IEO dimension of proactiveness, innovativeness and risk-taking attitude and EI across gender, academic background, and regions. Many recent and past studies confirm that there is an apparent gap in the literature to understand this phenomenon among students of higher learning institutions.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on a sample of 393 students studying in 35 different universities and institutions in the North, South and Western regions of India. The data were analyzed using hierarchical regression and ANOVA.FindingsThe empirical result shows a relationship and a positive impact of individual entrepreneurial orientation dimensions upon entrepreneurial intentions. Controlling for gender, males depict higher perseverance toward individual entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intentions. The same result was found for management and entrepreneurship students who also depict a higher (mean) t-value than science, engineering students. The findings of this study reveal a significant contribution to the academic literature by highlighting the influencing role of gender, academic background, and region upon entrepreneurial intentions.Practical implicationsThe study reveals that institutional culture, lack of academic rigor, regional difference, economic gaps, gender perception, and overall culture may be considered as bothering forces for entrepreneurship to grow via institutions. These forces, if eliminated, can help build an institutional environment helpful for entrepreneurial progression in the country.Originality/valueThere are limited studies available in the context of individual entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial Intention relationship. This study provides the analysis for Indian regions and uses data collected from different universities and institutions of India.

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