scholarly journals The impact of anode materials on the performance of electrochemical CO2 reduction to carbon monoxide

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wasihun Abebe Hika ◽  
Abebe Reda Woldu
Keyword(s):  
Glassy Carbon ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Counter Electrodes ◽  
Working Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Co2 Reduction ◽  
The Impact

AbstractElectrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) has been investigated for decades. CO2RR to value-added products is an indispensable option to address climate change and energy storage needs. We believed that CO2RR performance can be influenced by the anode materials employed for the oxidation half-reaction. Although H2O oxidation near-neutral solution does not being received greater attention, there is also an idea that it plays an important role not only in completing CO2 reduction cycle, but also to significantly influence the cathode during reduction. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of three different anode materials (platinum, glassy carbon, and hematite) on the activity and selectivity of the gold cathode in an electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction. Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy have been used to study electrocatalytic properties. In the meantime, x-ray diffraction is used to investigate the crystal planes of the as-prepared electrodes, while the work function and morphology of Au films were measured by atomic force microscope. Similar activity and selectivity to CO formation were observed when platinum and hematite were used as counter electrodes, while the least CO formation was recorded on the glassy carbon counter electrode. Graphic abstract The protons (H+) obtained from the oxidation of H2O onto these three different anodic materials (platinum, glassy carbon, hematite) are moving faster through the bulk of the solution to the working electrode. Consequently, the reaction occurred on the working electrode can be influenced by the number of protons coming from the anode.

scholarly journals Electro-Reduction of Molecular Oxygen Mediated by a Cobalt(II)octaethylporphyrin System onto Oxidized Glassy Carbon/Oxidized Graphene Substrate

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Canales ◽  
Leyla Gidi ◽  
Roxana Arce ◽  
Francisco Armijo ◽  
María Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Glassy Carbon ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Electrocatalytic Effect ◽  
Spectroscopy Studies

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the most important reaction in life processes and in energy transformation. The following work presents the design of a new electrode which is composed by deposited cobalt octaethylporphyrin onto glassy carbon and graphene, where both carbonaceous materials have been electrochemically oxidized prior to the porphyrin deposition. The novel generated system is stable and has an electrocatalytic effect towards the oxygen reduction reaction, as a result of the significant overpotential shift in comparison to the unmodified electrode and to the electrodes used as target. Kinetic studies corroborate that the system is capable of reducing molecular oxygen via four electrons, with a Tafel slope value of 60 mV per decade. The systems were morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies showed that the electrode previously oxidized and modified with cobalt porphyrin is the system that possesses lower resistance to charge transfer and higher capacitance.

Electrochemical CO2 reduction with low overpotential by a poly(4-vinylpyridine) electrode for application to artificial photosynthesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hohyun Jeong ◽  
Myung Jong Kang ◽  
Hyeyeong Jung ◽  
Young Soo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Surface Concentration ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Electrochemical Co2 Reduction ◽  
Low Overpotential

Pyridine molecules have been used as a catalyst to reduce the activation energy of the CO2 reduction reaction. It has been reported that CO2 is reduced by pyridine catalysts at low overpotential around −0.58 V vs. SCE. Poly(4-vinylpyridine), which has pyridine functional groups shows similar catalytic properties to reduce CO2 at low overpotential like pyridinium catalysts. Different thickness of P(4-VP) coated Pt electrodes were analyzed to determine the catalytic properties for CO2 reduction. Cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods showed the catalytic CO2 reduction properties of a P(4-VP)/Pt electrode. Thin P(4-VP)/Pt film showed a low current density of −0.16 mA cm−2 under CO2 atmosphere and the current density reached −0.45 mA cm−2 with increase of the P(4-VP) thickness. The increase of current density was explained by an increased surface concentration of adsorbed pyridinium groups of the thick P(4-VP) layer. Nyquist plots also showed decrease of impedance with increase of the P(4-VP) layer indicating fast charge transfer between Pt and the P(4-VP) layer due to the increase of hybrid ionic complex formation on the Pt surface. However, charge transfer is restricted when the P(4-VP) layer becomes more thick because of slowed protonation of pyridine groups adjacent to the Pt surface due to the suppressed permeability of electrolyte solution into the PVP membrane. This electrochemical observation provides a new aspect of P(4-VP) polymer for CO2 reduction.

Engineering conductive network of atomically thin bismuthene with rich defects enables CO2 reduction to formate with industry-compatible current densities and stability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhang ◽  
Wenbo Wei ◽  
Shenghua Zhou ◽  
Dong-Dong Ma ◽  
Aihui Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Conductive Network ◽  
Electrochemical Co2 Reduction ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Co2 Reduction Reaction

Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to value-added and readily collectable liquid products is promising but remains a great challenge due to the lack of efficient and robust electrocatalysts. Herein, a...

scholarly journals On-Chip Glucose Detection Based on Glucose Oxidase Immobilized on a Platinum-Modified, Gold Microband Electrode

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Julia Madden ◽  
Colm Barrett ◽  
Fathima R. Laffir ◽  
Michael Thompson ◽  
Paul Galvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Glucose Detection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Counter Electrodes ◽  
Electrodeposition Process ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
On Chip

We report the microfabrication and characterization of gold microband electrodes on silicon using standard microfabrication methods, i.e., lithography and etching techniques. A two-step electrodeposition process was carried out using the on-chip platinum reference and gold counter electrodes, thus incorporating glucose oxidase onto a platinum-modified, gold microband electrode with an o-phenylenediamine and ß-cyclodextrin mixture. The as-fabricated electrodes were studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The two-step electrodeposition process was conducted in low sample volumes (50 µL) of both solutions required for biosensor construction. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were utilised for electrochemical characterization at each stage of the deposition process. The enzymatic-based microband biosensor demonstrated a linear response to glucose from 2.5–15 mM, using both linear sweep voltammetry and chronoamperometric measurements in buffer-based solutions. The biosensor performance was examined in 30 µL volumes of fetal bovine serum. Whilst a reduction in the sensor sensitivity was evident within 100% serum samples (compared to buffer media), the sensor demonstrated linear glucose detection with increasing glucose concentrations (5–17 mM).

scholarly journals Plasticized Polymer Blend Electrolyte Based on Chitosan for Energy Storage Application: Structural, Circuit Modeling, Morphological and Electrochemical Properties

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1233
Author(s):  
M. H. Hamsan ◽  
Muaffaq M. Nofal ◽  
Shujahadeen B. Aziz ◽  
M. A. Brza ◽  
Elham M. A. Dannoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complex ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Minimum Degree ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Transference Number ◽  
Sweep Rate ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Maximum Conductivity ◽  
Eis Measurements ◽  
The Impact

Chitosan (CS)-dextran (DN) biopolymer electrolytes doped with ammonium iodide (NH4I) and plasticized with glycerol (GL), then dispersed with Zn(II)-metal complex were fabricated for energy device application. The CS:DN:NH4I:Zn(II)-complex was plasticized with various amounts of GL and the impact of used metal complex and GL on the properties of the formed electrolyte were investigated.The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements have shown that the highest conductivity for the plasticized system was 3.44 × 10−4 S/cm. From the x-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, the plasticized electrolyte with minimum degree of crystallinity has shown the maximum conductivity. The effect of (GL) plasticizer on the film morphology was studied using FESEM. It has been confirmed via transference number analysis (TNM) that the transport mechanism in the prepared electrolyte is predominantly ionic in nature with a high transference number of ion (ti)of 0.983. From a linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) study, the electrolyte was found to be electrochemically constant as the voltage sweeps linearly up to 1.25 V. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve covered most of the area of the current–potential plot with no redox peaks and the sweep rate was found to be affecting the capacitance. The electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) has shown a great performance of specific capacitance (108.3 F/g), ESR(47.8 ohm), energy density (12.2 W/kg) and power density (1743.4 W/kg) for complete 100 cycles at a current density of 0.5 mA cm−2.

scholarly journals Materials and system design for direct electrochemical CO2 conversion in capture media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuzhen Zhang ◽  
Celia Chen ◽  
Kangkang Li ◽  
Hai Yu ◽  
Fengwang Li
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Co2 Conversion ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Electrochemical Co2 Reduction ◽  
Co2 Reduction Reaction

Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) has been regarded as a promising means to store renewable electricity in the form of value-added chemicals or fuels. However, most of present eCO2RR studies...

CuAg nanoparticles/carbon aerogel for electrochemical CO2 reduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbo Wang ◽  
Runqing Lu ◽  
Xin-Xin Xiao ◽  
Shanhe Gong ◽  
Daniel Kobina Sam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Carbon Aerogel ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Reduction ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Electrochemical Co2 Reduction ◽  
Value Added Products

Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (eCO2RR) is a promising technology that uses electrical energy to catalytically reduce the greenhouse gas-CO2, which can convert CO2 into high value-added products such as...

scholarly journals Biohybrid Cathode in Single Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Massaglia ◽  
Isabella Fiorello ◽  
Adriano Sacco ◽  
Valentina Margaria ◽  
Candido Pirri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Linear Sweep ◽  
Single Chamber ◽  
Carbon Based

The aim of this work is to investigate the properties of biofilms, spontaneously grown on cathode electrodes of single-chamber microbial fuel cells, when used as catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). To this purpose, a comparison between two sets of different carbon-based cathode electrodes is carried out. The first one (Pt-based biocathode) is based on the proliferation of the biofilm onto a Pt/C layer, leading thus to the creation of a biohybrid catalyst. The second set of electrodes (Pt-free biocathode) is based on a bare carbon-based material, on which biofilm grows and acts as the sole catalyst for ORR. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) characterization confirmed better performance when the biofilm is formed on both Pt-based and Pt-free cathodes, with respect to that obtained by biofilm-free cathodes. To analyze the properties of spontaneously grown cathodic biofilms on carbon-based electrodes, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is employed. This study demonstrates that the highest power production is reached when aerobic biofilm acts as a catalyst for ORR in synergy with Pt in the biohybrid cathode.

scholarly journals Thiophene Functionalized Porphyrin for Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekrem Kaplan ◽  
Selin Gümrükçü ◽  
Metin Gençten ◽  
Yücel Şahin ◽  
Esin Hamuryudan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Graphite Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Polymerization ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Reduction ◽  
Pencil Graphite Electrode ◽  
Organometallic Catalysts ◽  
Electrochemical Co2 Reduction

Abstract The production of catalysts that display strong efficiencies in aqueous media for the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) is essential both for a healthy world and for realistic application of energy waste to generate value-added fuels. In this study, thiophene functionalized metal-free (poly-H2Por) and cobalt porphyrin-based (poly-CoPor) organometallic catalysts were easily attached on the pencil graphite electrode surface via electrochemical polymerization method and these, porphyrin coated, pencil graphite electrodes (PGE) were used as electrocatalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction for the first time in the literature. To reveal the electrochemical activity of CO2RR, the electropolymerized catalysts were investigated with linear sweep voltammetry in 0.1 M KHCO3 solution. The results showed that, the electrode which is modified with poly-CoPor decreased the overpotential of CO2RR, according to bare pencil graphite electrode, from -1.35 V to -0.63 V.

Support-based modulation strategies in single-atom catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction: graphene and conjugated macrocyclic complexes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanzhao Fu ◽  
Mingliang Wu ◽  
Yipeng Zhou ◽  
Zhiyang Lyu ◽  
Yixin Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Macrocyclic Complexes ◽  
Promising Method ◽  
Single Atom ◽  
Electrochemical Co2 Reduction ◽  
Co2 Reduction Reaction

Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a promising method to decrease the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and produce high value-added chemicals simultaneously. Catalysts play a central role in the...

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