scholarly journals Industrial Internet of Learning (IIoL): IIoT based pervasive knowledge network for LPWAN—concept, framework and case studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Qin ◽  
Zhuoqun Li ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Zhe Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Communication Management ◽  
Wireless Communication Network ◽  
Industrial Internet

AbstractIndustrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is performed based on the multiple sourced data collection, communication, management and analysis from the industrial environment. The data can be generated at every point in the manufacturing production process by real-time monitoring, connection and interaction in the industrial field through various data sensing devices, which creates a big data environment for the industry. To collect, transfer, store and analyse such a big data efficiently and economically, several challenges have imposed to the conventional big data solution, such as high unreliable latency, massive energy consumption, and inadequate security. In order to address these issues, edge computing, as an emerging technique, has been researched and developed in different industries. This paper aims to propose a novel framework for the intelligent IIoT, named Industrial Internet of Learning (IIoL). It is built using an industrial wireless communication network called Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN). By applying edge computing technologies in the LPWAN, the high-intensity computing load is distributed to edge sides, which integrates the computing resource of edge devices to lighten the computational complexity in the central. It cannot only reduce the energy consumption of processing and storing big data but also low the risk of cyber-attacks. Additionally, in the proposed framework, the information and knowledge are discovered and generated from different parts of the system, including smart sensors, smart gateways and cloud. Under this framework, a pervasive knowledge network can be established to improve all the devices in the system. Finally, the proposed concept and framework were validated by two real industrial cases, which were the health prognosis and management of a water plant and asset monitoring and management of an automobile factory.

scholarly journals A Long-Distance Communication Architecture for Medical Devices Based on LoRaWAN Protocol

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 940
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Cristina Gaitan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
Distance Communication

Recent market studies show that the market for remote monitoring devices of different medical parameters will grow exponentially. Globally, more than 4 million individuals will be monitored remotely from the perspective of different health parameters by 2023. Of particular importance is the way of remote transmission of the information acquired from the medical sensors. At this time, there are several methods such as Bluetooth, WI-FI, or other wireless communication interfaces. Recently, the communication based on LoRa (Long Range) technology has had an explosive development that allows the transmission of information over long distances with low energy consumption. The implementation of the IoT (Internet of Things) applications using LoRa devices based on open Long Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN) protocol for long distances with low energy consumption can also be used in the medical field. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed and developed a long-distance communication architecture for medical devices based on the LoRaWAN protocol that allows data communications over a distance of more than 10 km.

scholarly journals Modeling and Integrating PV Stations into IEC 61850 XMPP Intelligent Edge Computing Gateway

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Hung Liu ◽  
Jyh-Cherng Gu
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Iec 61850 ◽  
Decision Latency ◽  
Information Models

Distributed energy resources (DERs) are being widely interconnected to electrical power grids. The dispersed and intermittent generational mixes bring technical and economic challenges to the power systems in terms of stability, reliability, and interoperability. In practice, most of the communication technologies in DER are provided by proprietary communication protocols, which are not designed for the prevention of cyber security over a wide area network, and methodology of DER integration is not unified. This has made it technically difficult for power utilities and aggregators to monitor and control the DER systems after they are interconnected with the electrical grids. Moreover, peer to peer communication between DER systems as well as local intelligent computation is required to reduce decision latency and enhance the stability of the smart grid or microgrid. In this paper, the first, novel architecture of IEC 61850 XMPP (extensible messaging and presence protocol) of the edge computing gateway, involving advanced concepts and technologies, was developed and completely studied to counter the abovementioned challenges. The results show that the proposed architecture can enhance the DER system’s effective integration, security in data communication and transparency for interoperability. The novel and advanced concepts involve first modeling the topology of the photovoltaic (PV) station to IEC 61850 information models according to the IEC 61850-7-4 logical nodes and the DER-specific logical nodes defined in IEC 61850-7-420. This guarantees the interoperability between DER and DER, DER and utility and DER and the energy service operator. The second step was to map the information models to IEC 61850-8-2 XMPP for the specific communication protocol in DER applications. XMPP protocol, a publish/subscribe communication mechanism, is recommended in DER applications because of its characteristics of cybersecurity and authenticated encryption. After that we enabled the edge computing capability for data processing and the analytics of the DER side for time-critical missions. The aggregated data was then sent to the control center in the cloud. By applying the edge computing architecture, the system reduced decision latency, improved data privacy and enhanced security. The goal of this paper was to introduce the practical methodologies of these novel concepts to academics and industrial engineers.

scholarly journals Gateway sink placement for sensor node grid distribution in lora smart city networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 834
Author(s):  
Nur Aishah Bt. Zainal ◽  
Mohamed Hadi Habaebi ◽  
Israth Jahan Chowdhury ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Jamal I. Daoud
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Battery Lifetime ◽  
Wireless Communication Network

<span>Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) is a type of wireless communication network designed to allow long range communications at a low bit rate among things (connected objects), such as sensors operated on a battery. It is a new technology that operates in unauthorized spectrum which designed for wireless data communication [1]. It is used in Internet of Thing (IoT) applications and M2M communications. It provides multi-year battery lifetime and is intended for sensors and applications that need to transmit only a few information over long distances a few times per hour from different environments. In order to have an insight of such long range technology, this paper evaluates the performance of LoRa radio links under shadowing effect and realistic smart city utilities node grid distribution. Such environment is synonymous to residential, industrial and modern urban centers. The focus is to include the effect of shadowing on the radio links while attempting to study the optimum sink node numbers and their locations for maximum sensor node connectivity. Results indicate that the usual unrealistic random node distribution does not reflect actual real-life scenario where many of the these sensing nodes follow the utilities infrastructure around the city (e.g., street light posts, water and gas delivery pipes,…etc). The system is evaluated in terms of connectivity and packet loss ratio.</span>

scholarly journals Proposed Usage of ICT and Big Data in Healthcare of Madhya Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2242-2248
Author(s):  
Mimoh Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Healthcare Data ◽  
Health Application

Abstract: This paper gives an insight of how information and communications technology (ICT) in combination with big data analytics can help to improve healthcare services in Madhya Pradesh, which is a state in India having approximately 75 million populations. With ongoing projects like ‘Digital India’ which will allow computerization of hospitals and digitization of healthcare data. Digital India coupled with ICT, can play an indispensable role in providing effective healthcare services through e-health application like electronic health record, e-prescription, computerized physician order entry, telemedicine, mhealth along with the network like State wide area network (SWAN) and National health information network which will allow sharing of healthcare records across the network. Data stored through e-health application is of huge size having different formats which makes it difficult to perform analytics on it. But with big data analytics we can perform analytics on large voluminous healthcare data and useful result obtained from data analytics, patients can be given better and specific treatments. It will also help doctors to exchange their knowledge and treatment practices. This paper also illustrates a case study on M.Y. hospital located in Indore, Madhya Pradesh. Keywords: ICT, E-health, Digital India, SWAN, CUG, Big Data Analytics.

scholarly journals A Study on the Impact of Nodes Density on the Energy Consumption of LoRa

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (14) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Aizat Faiz Ramli ◽  
Muhammad Ikram Shabry ◽  
Mohd Azlan Abu ◽  
Hafiz Basarudin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Consumption Ratio ◽  
The Impact

LoRaWAN is one of the leading Low power wide area network (LPWAN) LPWAN technologies that compete for the formation of big scale Internet of Things (IoT). It uses LoRa protocol to achieve long range, low bit rate and low power communication. Large scale LoRaWAN based IoT deployments can consist of battery powered sensor nodes. Therefore, the energy consumption and efficiency of these nodes are crucial factors that can influence the lifetime of the network. However, there is no coherent experimental based research which identifies the factors that influence the LoRa energy efficiency at various nodes density. In this paper, results on measuring the packet delivery ratio, packet loss, data rate and energy consumption ratio ECR to gauge the energy efficiency of LoRa devices at various nodes density are presented. It is shown that the ECR of LoRa is inversely proportional to the nodes density and that the ECR of the network is smaller at higher traffic indicating better network energy efficiency. It is also demonstrated that at high node density, spreading factor SF of 7 and 9 can improve the energy efficiency of the network by 5 and 3 times, respectively, compare to SF 11.

scholarly journals A Survey on LoRaWAN Technology: Recent Trends, Opportunities, Simulation Tools and Future Directions

Electronics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Mukarram A. M. Almuhaya ◽  
Waheb A. Jabbar ◽  
Noorazliza Sulaiman ◽  
Suliman Abdulmalek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Small Data ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Comparative Review

Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies play a pivotal role in IoT applications, owing to their capability to meet the key IoT requirements (e.g., long range, low cost, small data volumes, massive device number, and low energy consumption). Between all obtainable LPWAN technologies, long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN) technology has attracted much interest from both industry and academia due to networking autonomous architecture and an open standard specification. This paper presents a comparative review of five selected driving LPWAN technologies, including NB-IoT, SigFox, Telensa, Ingenu (RPMA), and LoRa/LoRaWAN. The comparison shows that LoRa/LoRaWAN and SigFox surpass other technologies in terms of device lifetime, network capacity, adaptive data rate, and cost. In contrast, NB-IoT technology excels in latency and quality of service. Furthermore, we present a technical overview of LoRa/LoRaWAN technology by considering its main features, opportunities, and open issues. We also compare the most important simulation tools for investigating and analyzing LoRa/LoRaWAN network performance that has been developed recently. Then, we introduce a comparative evaluation of LoRa simulators to highlight their features. Furthermore, we classify the recent efforts to improve LoRa/LoRaWAN performance in terms of energy consumption, pure data extraction rate, network scalability, network coverage, quality of service, and security. Finally, although we focus more on LoRa/LoRaWAN issues and solutions, we introduce guidance and directions for future research on LPWAN technologies.

scholarly journals Analysis of Bidirectional ADR-Enabled Class B LoRaWAN Networks in Industrial Scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 7964
Author(s):  
David Todoli-Ferrandis ◽  
Javier Silvestre-Blanes ◽  
Víctor Sempere-Payá ◽  
Ana Planes-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Class B

Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies are becoming a widespread solution for wireless deployments in many applications, such as smart cities or Industry 4.0. However, there are still challenges to be addressed, such as energy consumption and robustness. To characterize and optimize these types of networks, the authors have developed an optimized use of the adaptative data rate (ADR) mechanism for uplink, proposed its use also for downlink based on the simulator ns-3, and then defined an industrial scenario to test and validate the proposed solution in terms of packet loss and energy.

scholarly journals LoRaWAN Energy Optimization with Security Consideration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ala Khalifeh ◽  
Khaled Aldahdouh ◽  
Sahel Alouneh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Transmission Power ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Spreading Factor ◽  
Transmission Parameters ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Network Operation ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
And Performance

Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is an emerging wireless technology that is expected to be widely deployed and implemented in several applications, especially with the promising widespread use of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its potential applications within the Fifth Generation (5G) communication technology. LoRaWAN consists of a number of nodes that monitors and senses the environment to collect specific data, and then sends the collected data to a remote monitoring device for further processing and decision-making. Energy consumption and security assurance are two vital factors needed to be optimized to ensure an efficient and reliable network operation and performance. To achieve that, each of LoRaWAN nodes can be configured by five transmission parameters, which are the spreading factor, carrier frequency, bandwidth, coding rate and transmission power. Choosing the best values of these parameters leads to enhancing the network deployment. In this paper, we shed the light to the security aspect in LoRaWAN network. Then, we introduced an algorithm that depends on the reinforcement learning approach to enable each node in the network to choose the best values of spreading factor and transmission power such that it leads to a lower energy consumption and higher packets’ delivery rate. The results of the simulation experiments of our proposed technique showed a valuable increase in the packet reception rate at the gateway and a significant decrease in the total consumed energy at the end nodes compared with the most related work in literature

scholarly journals The Construction of University Network Education System Based on Mobile Edge Computing in the Era of Big Data

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Min Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Education System ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Mobile Edge Computing ◽  
Network Education ◽  
Model Based ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Performance

This article first established a university network education system model based on physical failure repair behavior at the big data infrastructure layer and then examined in depth the complex common causes of multiple data failures in the big data environment caused by a single physical machine failure, all based on the principle of mobile edge computing. At the application service layer, a performance model based on queuing theory is first established, with the amount of available resources as a conditional parameter. The model examines important events in mobile edge computing, such as queue overflow and timeout failure. The impact of failure repair behavior on the random change of system dynamic energy consumption is thoroughly investigated, and a system energy consumption model is developed as a result. The network education system in colleges and universities includes a user login module, teaching resource management module, student and teacher management module, online teaching management module, student achievement management module, student homework management module, system data management module, and other business functions. Later, the theory of mobile edge computing proposed a set of comprehensive evaluation indicators that characterize the relevance, such as expected performance and expected energy consumption. Based on these evaluation indicators, a new indicator was proposed to quantify the complex constraint relationship. Finally, a functional use case test was conducted, focusing on testing the query function of online education information; a performance test was conducted in the software operating environment, following the development of the test scenario, and the server’s CPU utilization rate was tested while the software was running. The results show that the designed network education platform is relatively stable and can withstand user access pressure. The performance ratio indicator can effectively assist the cloud computing system in selecting a more appropriate option for the migrated traditional service system.

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