Serum estradiol concentration required to maintain body weight, attractivity, proceptivity, and receptivity in the ovariectomized female rat

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Albert ◽  
R.H. Jonik ◽  
B.B. Gorzalka ◽  
T. Newlove ◽  
B. Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Maintain Body Weight ◽  
Estradiol Concentration

scholarly journals Effect of Basil Seed and Chia SeedExtracts on Blood Lipid Profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1368-1371
Author(s):  
S. Munir ◽  
S. Khurshid ◽  
Q. J. Iqbal ◽  
N. Iqbal ◽  
Z. Masood
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Maintain Body Weight

Background: Basil and Chia seeds contain higher nutritive values like vitamin, carbohydrates, Omega-3 oil and other dietary fibers. With all these rich dietary benefits these seeds regulate necessary health conditions and maintain body weight. Ocimumbasilicum (Basil) plant have been known to contain properties of weight loss, better digestion and other health benefits. Aim: To check the Basil seed against hyperlipidemia in mice with Chia seeds. Methodology: In this research, the effect of both seeds extract on body weight and plasma lipid profile were estimated in Albino mice after raising their cholesterol levels by high fatty diet. The experiments were performed in different groups like normal control, standard control, hyperlipidemia group and four groups of diet supplemented chia or basil seeds with two different doses. Results: The biochemical analysis revealed that the supplementation of Basil seeds (400mg/kg/day) significantly lowered the levels of total plasma cholesterol, lipoproteins and triacylglycerol. Moreover, histopathological analysis of vital organs like kidneys, heart reported no toxicity. Conclusion: Extracts of Chia and Basil seeds have shown controlling effects over the given parameters in the blood and weights of the animals and these may have potential to control high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia when taken as dietary supplements. Keywords: Cholesterol, Hyperlipidemia, Ocimumbasilicum, Salvia hispanica

APC resistance during the normal menstrual cycle

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 1246-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Silveira ◽  
Stella Thomassen ◽  
Jacob Odeberg ◽  
Anders Hamsten ◽  
Jan Rosing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Activated Protein C ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Apc Resistance ◽  
Exogenous Estrogen ◽  
Normal Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Estradiol Concentration

SummaryIncreased serum levels of endogenous as well as exogenous estrogen are regarded to be responsible for acquired activated protein C (APC) resistance. It was the objective of this study to evaluate whether the physiological increase in serum estradiol concentration during the normal menstrual cycle affects the individual’s sensitivity to APC. Seventy-two women with normal menstrual cycles were included in the study. Blood samples for analysis of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4) and APC resistance were drawn at two time points of the menstrual cycle (day 3–5 and day 22–25). Two methods of measuring APC resistance were used: the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)-based assay and the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP)-based APC resistance test. Independent of the method used, no changes in APC resistance were found, even though the E2 concentration increased significantly between the two menstrual phases. No correlations between E2 levels and APC resistance, P4 levels and APC resistance or changes in E2 concentrations and changes in APC resistance were detected. Ten women were carriers of the factor VLeiden mutation. Their baseline APC resistance was increased, but their response to elevated E2 during the menstrual cycle did not differ from that of non-carriers. In conclusion, our observations suggest that physiological differences in serum levels of estradiol and progesterone between the early follicular and the luteal phase in a normal menstrual cycle do not have any significant impact on the individual’s sensitivity to APC.

Stimulation of food intake and weight gain in mature female rats by bovine prolactin and bovine growth hormone

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (6) ◽  
pp. E986-E992 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Byatt ◽  
N. R. Staten ◽  
W. J. Salsgiver ◽  
J. G. Kostelc ◽  
R. J. Collier
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Bovine Growth Hormone ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Moisture Percentage

Recombinant bovine prolactin (rbPRL) or bovine growth hormone (rbGH) was administered to mature female rats (10/treatment group) by daily subcutaneous injection for 10 days. Doses ranged from 7 to 5,000 micrograms/day (0.03-24 mg/kg body wt). Both rbPRL and rbGH increased body weight gain and food intake, but these parameters were increased at lower doses of rbPRL (7-63 micrograms/day) than rbGH (> 190 micrograms/day). Weight gain and food intake were maximally stimulated by 190 micrograms/day rbPRL, whereas maximal increased weight gain was obtained with the highest dose of rbGH (5,000 micrograms/day). Total carcass protein was increased by both hormones; however, protein as a percentage of body weight was unchanged. Similarly, neither rbPRL nor rbGH changed the percentage of carcass moisture. Percentage of body fat was increased by rbPRL but was decreased by rbGH. Weight of the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys was increased by both hormones, but increases were in proportion to body weight gain. These data confirm that ungulate prolactin is a hyperphagic agent in the female rat. In addition, they suggest that, while prolactin stimulates growth in mature female rats, this growth is probably not via a somatogenic mechanism.

Comparative effects of tamoxifen and angiotensin II type-1 receptor antagonist therapy on the hemodynamic profile of the ovariectomized female rat

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 915-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
My-Lan Pham-Dang ◽  
Robert Clement ◽  
Isabelle Mercier ◽  
Angelino Calderone
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Hemodynamic Profile

Hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) has failed to provide a cardioprotective action in postmenopausal women, and thus alternative pharmacological approaches are required. The present study examined the therapeutic potential of the partial estrogen receptor agonist tamoxifen and the angiotensin II type-1 receptor antagonist irbesartan on the hemodynamic profile of ovariectomized (OVX) female Sprague–Dawley rats (9–11 weeks). Three weeks following ovariectomy, uterine atrophy was evident and body weight was increased as compared with sham-operated animals. Left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were significantly increased in the OVX rats as compared with sham rats. One week following ovariectomy, rats were treated with either tamoxifen (10 mg kg–1 day–1) or irbesartan (40 mg kg–1 day–1) for a period of 2 weeks. The administration of tamoxifen to OVX rats partially reversed uterine atrophy and prevented body weight gain, albeit body weight remained significantly lower than in sham-operated animals. LVSP and LVEDP were normalized in the tamoxifen-treated OVX rats, whereas MAP remained elevated. Irbesartan partially reduced the body weight gain of the OVX rats and did not influence uterine atrophy. LVSP and MAP were normalized in irbesartan-treated OVX rats, whereas LVEDP remained elevated. These data demonstrate that irbesartan rather than tamoxifen was efficacious in normalizing MAP in the OVX rats without a secondary effect on the uterus.Key words: ovariectomy, hemodynamics, tamoxifen, AT1 receptor antagonists.

Prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids affects body weight, serum leptin levels, and hypothalamic neuropeptide‐Y expression in pre‐pubertal female rat offspring

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Iwasa ◽  
Toshiya Matsuzaki ◽  
Munkhsaikhan Munkhzaya ◽  
Altankhuu Tungalagsuvd ◽  
Takako Kawami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Rat Offspring

Energy balance of rats with lateral hypothalamic lesions

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (4) ◽  
pp. E273-E279 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Corbett ◽  
R. E. Keesey
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Lateral Hypothalamic ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Maintain Body Weight

Rats with lateral hypothalamic (LH) lesions maintain body weight at a chronically reduced percentage of nonlesioned controls. An assessment of how they achieve energy balance at subnormal weight levels entailed a determination of both their energy intake and their energy expended or lost in processing ingested food, on basal heat production, on activity, and in feces or urine. It was found that the caloric intake and expenditure of LH-lesioned animals, though significantly lower than those of controls, were appropriate to the reduced metabolic body size (BW0.75) that they maintained. Likewise, energy expenditure in the LH-lesioned animals was normal in that the proportion of their ingested energy relegated to 1) basal metabolism, 2) the processing food, and 3) activity was the same as that of nonlesioned controls. Thus, unlike nonlesioned rats, which at lowered body weights both decrease their energy needs and reorder the pattern of energy expenditure, LH-lesioned animals display a normal pattern of energy utilization at reduced weight levels. These findings provide further evidence that lateral hypothalamic mechanisms play an important role in setting the level at which body weight is regulated.

ROLE OF PROGESTERONE IN THE CONTROL OF SECRETION OF FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE IN THE IMMATURE FEMALE RAT

1981 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. A. MEIJS-ROELOFS ◽  
P. KRAMER ◽  
L. GRIBLING-HEGGE
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
Progesterone Treatment ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Intact Rats

The inhibitory action on FSH secretion of combined oestradiol and progesterone treatment of ovariectomized, immature rats was studied at various ages. At all ages studied (13–35 days) an additional inhibitory action of progesterone, if combined with oestradiol, could be found as compared with the effect of oestradiol alone. Until 20 days of age, the rise in serum FSH concentration as measured 2 days after ovariectomy could be completely prevented by administration of 0·05 μg oestradiol/100 g body weight or by administration of a lower dose of oestradiol (0·01–0·025 μg) combined with progesterone (0·5–1·5 mg/100 g body weight). After 20 days neither oestradiol nor the combined oestradiol/progesterone treatment resulted in an FSH concentration similar to that found in intact rats. However, the lowest FSH concentrations were reached by using combinations of oestradiol and progesterone. Using progesterone alone, FSH concentration in ovariectomized rats was significantly reduced between 18 and 30 days of age, but not before or after this period. Taken together with data on uterine weight and serum concentrations of progesterone, these findings suggest that (1) both oestradiol and progesterone exert an age-dependent role in regulating FSH secretion in the immature female rat, and (2) amounts of oestradiol and progesterone capable of maintaining, in ovariectomized rats, uterine weights not different from those in intact rats will maintain near-physiological concentrations of FSH before but not after day 20. Thus, ovarian factors other than oestradiol and progesterone must be involved in the regulation of FSH secretion in the female rat after 20 days of age.

scholarly journals The mode of action of anabolic agents: the effect of testosterone on muscle protein metabolism in the female rat

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Martinez ◽  
P. J. Buttery ◽  
J. T. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Muscle Protein Metabolism

1. Testosterone (1 mg/kg body-weight per d) given subcutaneously to female rats increased their growth rate and food conversion efficiency but not their food intake compared with that of the placebo-oil controls. A higher dose of testosterone (10 mg/kg body-weight per d) failed to increase the daily weight gain.2. The increased growth rate of the testosterone-treated rats appeared to occur in the whole body and not specifically in muscle. There were no significant changes in body composition.3. The fractional synthetic rate of gastrocnemius muscle protein was higher in the hormone-treated rats than in controls. This contrasts with previous results for the anabolic agent trenbolone acetate and reflects differences in the mode of action of these two different steroids, both with androgenic properties.

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