Policy Intervention Considerations: The Relationship of Theoretical Models to Planning

1981 ◽  
pp. 281-290
Author(s):  
Gordon F. De Jong ◽  
Sarah F. Harbison
Author(s):  
James Buhler

Chapter 3 examines theories after the sound film had been codified. The characteristic forms of theory became the grammar and typology: the goal was to map the potential formal relations between image and sound. This chapter considers six theoretical models focusing on the treatment of music and the relationship of the soundtrack to narrative: Eisenstein’s concept of vertical montage and the modes of synchronization that he developed from the concept; Aaron Copland’s typology of functions for film music; Hanns Eisler and Theodor W. Adorno’s response to Eisenstein, their critique of Hollywood practice, and their list of “bad habits”; and the formal typologies offered by Raymond Spottiswoode, Siegfried Kracauer, and Roger Manvell and John Huntley, which all seek to map the conceptual space of the image–sound relationship in film.


2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Corrêa Gomes ◽  
Luciana de Oliveira Miranda Gomes

This paper proposes a theoretical framework for investigating stakeholder theory in organizations. The organizations theory can be understood in three theoretical models: rationalist, natural and open systems. These models are presented to justify that organizations should be analyzed taking into account that social system aspects and the natural and open system models are employed. The applications of this paper rely upon the theoretical framework which is based on an extensive literature review comprising environment based theories. This paper would be of help to researchers examining the whole set of the relationship of organizations with their environment instead of only the relationships with external agents. Employing the theoretical basis presented in this analysis, the researcher will be able to identify both feasible theoretical sources for his/her studies and useful approaches for carrying on his/her investigations. The paper presents theories for explaining the organization's behavior and performance as being influenced by stakeholders who inhabit its environment. Resource dependence and institutional theory are employed to give theoretical support to the stakeholder. At the end of the paper, a diagram representing the theoretical framework is presented.


Author(s):  
Kirill V. Zlokazov ◽  
Nikolay I. Leonov

We discuss in the articles theoretical approaches in social psychology, used for describe representation of social space by subject. It is shown that different social sciences use original theoretical models of social space. In social psychology, these models are used to measure the relationship of the subject with physical (real) world. At the same time, research concepts do not always correspond to the subject's ideas about social space. As a result, image of subjective perception of space can be misrepresented. The decision is seen as a generalisation of the parameters used to explain the subject’s space perception in physical, phenomenological, social-interactional and topological approach.They are: elements of space (objects), centre and metric (as a way of organising elements of space, used for evaluate relations between them). In conclusion, need of empirical verification of assumptions made about inner components representation of social space is noted.


1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-247
Author(s):  
Louis C. Gapenski

The paper explores capitalisation decisions within the hospital sector. This is done theoretically by examining the appropriateness of capital structure theory of hospitals and also in a real world context of soliciting the views of hospital chief financial officers. The ways in which capital decisions are made is described and the relationship of practice to theoretical models discussed.


1988 ◽  
Vol 03 (08) ◽  
pp. 1847-1858 ◽  
Author(s):  
GARY R. GOLDSTEIN ◽  
W.G.D. DHARMARATNA ◽  
MICHAEL J. MORAVCSIK ◽  
GORDON A. RINGLAND

In the reaction p+p→Λ+X with up to all three known particles polarized (which will be studied in Fermilab’s upcoming polarization facility) the relationship of the various polarization observables to the 20 three-in-three-out amplitudes is simply given by two 4-by-4 and 12 2-by-2 submatrices. The QCD predictions are said to be the firmest in the large momentum transfer region. There, in the lowest order perturbative calculations only two amplitudes are nonzero, thus yielding only six nonzero polarization quantities with four relations among them. For smaller momentum transfers, Regge model predictions for double correlation observables may be tested even though such models have failed to predict the large single Λ polarization which has been the subject of so much speculation in recent years. The three models which attempt to explain this large polarization can also be tested in these reactions with up to three polarized particles since they should yield small asymmetries for the incident particles. All in all, such polarization experiments will significantly strengthen the testing of the various proposed theoretical models.


2021 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 00008
Author(s):  
Sergey Komarov ◽  
Mariya Kudina ◽  
Gulnaz Suzdaleva ◽  
Dmitriy Shishkin

The paper is devoted to the problem of management of innovative activity of an enterprise on the basis of Lean technology. The study shows that there are no generally accepted theoretical models for understanding this relationship and its unambiguous assessment. The paper discusses a pilot study of the relationship of Lean management factors and innovative activity for large Russian enterprises taking into account their life cycle and type of innovation. The results of the study demonstrate the correlation between lean production and innovative activity of the enterprise. The conclusions on the impact of the type of enterprise (business), the stage of its life cycle and the type of innovation on this relationship are innovative and important. The study is aimed at testing the methodology of future research, the purpose of which is to build a mathematical model of such a relationship.


2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 930-933
Author(s):  
Xiao Fei Ma

Based on cellular automata, a model of simulating grain growth is established to study the effects of the second phase particle’s size distribution on grain growth. The simulation results show that the second phase particles in the matix pin the grain boundary and then inhibit the grain growth. Different size distributions of the second phase particles have different pinning effect on the grain boundary, and the relationship of average grain size for the material with the second phase particles is RLognormal>RUniform>RNormal. The correlative laws obtained from the simulation is in accordance with the theoretical models.


1985 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOEL N. SCHULMAN

AbstractA variety of theoretical models have been used to calculate the electronic properties of semiconductor superlattices. The methods vary in their ease of implementation, number of empirical parameters, and ability to incorporate physical effects. There is no “best” method; the choice of model is made on the basis of the desired property under investigation, such as subband energy levels, energy band dispersion and effective mass, strain effects, or optical spectra. The strength and limitations of the Kronig- Penney, envelope function, and tight-binding models will be reviewed, including one-, two-, and multi-band versions. The relationship of superlattice to bulk band structure, and the issue of dispersion in the growth and in-plane directions will be illustrated with the examples of the CaAs-GaAlAs and HgTe-CdTe superlattices.


Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.


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