Application of the 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemia to the French population: Impact of lowering intervention thresholds on prevalence and treatment of hypercholesterolemia

A safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine is our only hope to decisively stop the spread of the SARS-CoV-2. But a vaccine will only be fully effective if a significant share of the population agrees to get it. Five consecutive surveys of a large, nationally representative sample (N = 1000 for each wave) surveyed attitudes towards a future COVID-19 vaccine in France from May 2020 to October 2020. We found that COVID-19 vaccine refusal has steadily increased, reaching an all-time high with only 23% of participants willing to probably or certainly take a future COVID-19 vaccine in September 2020. Vaccine hesitant individuals are more likely to be women, young, less educated, to vote at the political extremes, to be dissatisfied with the government’s response to the COVID-19 crisis, and to feel less at risk of COVID-19. The reasons why French people would refuse to take the COVID-19 vaccine are similar to those offered for other vaccines, and these reasons are strikingly stable across gender, age and educational level. Finally, most French people declare they would not take the vaccine as soon as possible but would instead rather wait or not take it at all.

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COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the French Population of Working Age: A Randomized Experiment of Vaccine Characteristics

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3745198 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Michaël Schwarzinger ◽

Verity Watson ◽

Pierre Arwidson ◽

François Alla ◽

Stéphane Luchini

Keyword(s):

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Randomized Experiment ◽

French Population ◽

Working Age

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Evolution of the prevalence of obesity in the adult population in France, 2013–2016: the Constances study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93432-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sébastien Czernichow ◽

Adeline Renuy ◽

Claire Rives-Lange ◽

Claire Carette ◽

Guillaume Airagnes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linear Trend ◽

Adult Population ◽

Age Groups ◽

French Population ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Point Change ◽

Men And Women ◽

Class 1 ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Age And Sex

AbstractThis study provides trends in obesity prevalence in adults from 2013 to 2016 in France. 63,582 men and women from independent samples upon inclusion from the Constances cohort were included. Anthropometrics were measured at Health Screening Centers and obesity defined as a Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2; obesity classes according to BMI are as follows: class 1 [30–34.9]; class 2 [35–39.9]; class 3 [≥ 40 kg/m2]. Linear trends across obesity classes by sex and age groups were examined in regression models and percentage point change from 2013 to 2016 for each age category calculated. All analyses accounted for sample weights for non-response, age and sex-calibrated to the French population. Prevalence of obesity ranged from 14.2 to 15.2% and from 14 to 15.3% in women and men respectively from 2013 to 2016. Class 1 obesity category prevalence was the only one to increase significantly across survey years in both men and women (p for linear trend = 0.04 and 0.01 in women and men respectively). The only significant increase for obesity was observed in the age group 18–29 y in both women and men (+ 2.71% and + 3.26% point increase respectively, equivalent to an approximate rise of 50% in women and 93% in men, p = 0.03 and 0.02 respectively). After adjustment for survey non-response and for age and sex distribution, the results show that class 1 obesity prevalence has significantly increased in both women and men from 2013 to 2016, and only in young adults in a representative sample of the French population aged 18–69 years old.

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COVID-19 vaccines that reduce symptoms but do not block infection need higher coverage and faster rollout to achieve population impact

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94719-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

David A. Swan ◽

Chloe Bracis ◽

Holly Janes ◽

Mia Moore ◽

Laura Matrajt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

No Reduction ◽

King County ◽

Symptomatic Disease ◽

Population Impact ◽

Susceptibility To Infection ◽

Infection Susceptibility ◽

Asymptomatic Infections ◽

The U.S

AbstractTrial results for two COVID-19 vaccines suggest at least 90% efficacy against symptomatic disease (VEDIS). It remains unknown whether this efficacy is mediated by lowering SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility (VESUSC) or development of symptoms after infection (VESYMP). We aim to assess and compare the population impact of vaccines with different efficacy profiles (VESYMP and VESUSC) satisfying licensure criteria. We developed a mathematical model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, calibrated to data from King County, Washington. Rollout scenarios starting December 2020 were simulated with combinations of VESUSC and VESYMP resulting in up to 100% VEDIS. We assumed no reduction of infectivity upon infection conditional on presence of symptoms. Proportions of cumulative infections, hospitalizations and deaths prevented over 1 year from vaccination start are reported. Rollouts of 1 M vaccinations (5000 daily) using vaccines with 50% VEDIS are projected to prevent 23–46% of infections and 31–46% of deaths over 1 year. In comparison, vaccines with 90% VEDIS are projected to prevent 37–64% of infections and 46–64% of deaths over 1 year. In both cases, there is a greater reduction if VEDIS is mediated mostly by VESUSC. The use of a “symptom reducing” vaccine will require twice as many people vaccinated than a “susceptibility reducing” vaccine with the same 90% VEDIS to prevent 50% of the infections and death over 1 year. Delaying the start of the vaccination by 3 months decreases the expected population impact by more than 50%. Vaccines which prevent COVID-19 disease but not SARS-CoV-2 infection, and thereby shift symptomatic infections to asymptomatic infections, will prevent fewer infections and require larger and faster vaccination rollouts to have population impact, compared to vaccines that reduce susceptibility to infection. If uncontrolled transmission across the U.S. continues, then expected vaccination in Spring 2021 will provide only limited benefit.

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Flexible Modeling of Net Survival and Cure by AML Subtype and Age: A French Population-Based Study from FRANCIM

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10081657 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1657

Author(s):

Morgane Mounier ◽

Gaëlle Romain ◽

Mary Callanan ◽

Akoua Alla ◽

Olayidé Boussari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Based ◽

Future Research ◽

French Population ◽

Monocytic Leukemia ◽

Younger Patients ◽

Younger Women ◽

Net Survival ◽

Flexible Modeling ◽

Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia ◽

Sex Disparity

With improvements in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) diagnosis and treatment, more patients are surviving for longer periods. A French population of 9453 AML patients aged ≥15 years diagnosed from 1995 to 2015 was studied to quantify the proportion cured (P), time to cure (TTC) and median survival of patients who are not cured (MedS). Net survival (NS) was estimated using a flexible model adjusted for age and sex in sixteen AML subtypes. When cure assumption was acceptable, the flexible cure model was used to estimate P, TTC and MedS for the uncured patients. The 5-year NS varied from 68% to 9% in men and from 77% to 11% in women in acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML-APL) and in therapy-related AML (t-AML), respectively. Major age-differenced survival was observed for patients with a diagnosis of AML with recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities. A poorer survival in younger patients was found in t-AML and AML with minimal differentiation. An atypical survival profile was found for acute myelomonocytic leukemia and AML without maturation in both sexes and for AML not otherwise specified (only for men) according to age, with a better prognosis for middle-aged compared to younger patients. Sex disparity regarding survival was observed in younger patients with t-AML diagnosed at 25 years of age (+28% at 5 years in men compared to women) and in AML with minimal differentiation (+23% at 5 years in women compared to men). All AML subtypes included an age group for which the assumption of cure was acceptable, although P varied from 90% in younger women with AML-APL to 3% in older men with acute monoblastic and monocytic leukemia. Increased P was associated with shorter TTC. A sizeable proportion of AML patients do not achieve cure, and MedS for these did not exceed 23 months. We identify AML subsets where cure assumption is negative, thus pointing to priority areas for future research efforts.

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Exposure of the French population to bisphenols, phthalates, parabens, glycol ethers, brominated flame retardants, and perfluorinated compounds in 2014–2016: Results from the Esteban study

Environment International ◽

10.1016/j.envint.2020.106340 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 147 ◽

pp. 106340

Author(s):

Clémence Fillol ◽

Amivi Oleko ◽

Abdesattar Saoudi ◽

Abdelkrim Zeghnoun ◽

Alexis Balicco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flame Retardants ◽

Brominated Flame Retardants ◽

Perfluorinated Compounds ◽

French Population ◽

Glycol Ethers

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Does the Arc of Science Bend Towards Impact? Four Decades of Empirical Research Published in JADD Since the DSM-III

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders ◽

10.1007/s10803-021-05052-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Peter Doehring

Keyword(s):

Empirical Research ◽

Research Funding ◽

Basic Research ◽

Intervention Research ◽

Community Based ◽

Community Impact ◽

Population Impact ◽

Community Based Programs ◽

Over 40 Years ◽

Over Time

AbstractThe present study explored the shift from understanding to intervention to population impact in the empirical research published in this journal at five points of time over 40 years since the release of DSM-III. Two-thirds of the more than 600 original studies identified involved basic research, a pattern that is consistent with previous analyses of research funding allocations and that did not change over time. One of every eight studies involved intervention research, which occurred in community-based programs only about one-quarter of the time. These gaps in intervention research and community impact did not improve over time. The findings underscore the need to broaden the training and experience of researchers, and to re-consider priorities for research funding and publication.

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