Effect of feed intake level on the determination of apparent and standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus for growing pigs

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Liu ◽  
H.L. Yan ◽  
S.C. Cao ◽  
J. Liu ◽  
H.F. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Intake Level

scholarly journals Increasing intake of dietary soluble nutrients affects digesta passage rate in the stomach of growing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijke Schop ◽  
Alfons J. M. Jansman ◽  
Sonja de Vries ◽  
Walter J. J. Gerrits
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Intake Level ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Dietary Nutrient ◽  
Digesta Passage ◽  
Nutrient Solubility

AbstractThe passage rate of solids and liquids through the gastrointestinal tract differs. Increased dietary nutrient solubility causes nutrients to shift from the solid to the liquid digesta fraction and potentially affect digesta passage kinetics. We quantified: (1) the effect of three levels of dietary nutrient solubility (8, 19 and 31 % of soluble protein and sucrose in the diet) at high feed intake level (S) and (2) the effect of lowv.high feed intake level (F), on digesta passage kinetics in forty male growing pigs. The mean retention time (MRT) of solids and liquids in the stomach and small intestine was assessed using TiO2and Cr-EDTA, respectively. In addition, physicochemical properties of digesta were evaluated. Overall, solids were retained longer than liquids in the stomach (2·0 h,P<0·0001) and stomach+small intestine (1·6 h,P<0·001). When S increased, MRT in stomach decreased by 1·3 h for solids (P=0·01) and 0·7 h for liquids (P=0·002) but only at the highest level of S. When F increased using low-soluble nutrients, MRT in stomach increased by 0·8 h for solids (P=0·041) and 0·7 h for liquids (P=0·0001). Dietary treatments did not affect water-binding capacity and viscosity of digesta. In the stomach of growing pigs, dietary nutrient solubility affects digesta MRT in a non-linear manner, while feed intake level increases digesta MRT depending on dietary nutrient solubility. Results can be used to improve predictions on the kinetics of nutrient passage and thereby of nutrient digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERFORMANS TERNAK BABI FASE STARTER

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Alfred Tamawiwy ◽  
M. Najoan ◽  
J S Mandey ◽  
F. N Sompie
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

ABSTRACT   EFFECT OF UTILIZATION OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) IN THE DIET ON PIG PERFORMANCE. Utilization of fats and oils in pig diets is of great importance due to their high energy value. VCO is obtained by cold press processing of the kernel from the coconut fruit. Utilization of virgin coconut oil (VCO) in the diets on pig performance.  The present study was designed to elaborate the effect of utilization of VCO in the diets on energy and protein digestibility of growing pigs. The experiment was conducted using 20 castrated male pigs aged 1.5 - 2.0 months weighing 12,0±2,0 kg. The data were analyzed according to the linear model procedure for ANOVA appropriate for Randomized Block Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments were formulated as follow: R0 = 100% control diet + 0% VCO; R1 = 99.5% control diet + 1.0% VCO; R2 = 98.0% control diet + 2.0% VCO; R3 = 97.0% control diet + 3.0% VCO; and R4 = 96.0% control diet + 4.0% VCO. Parameters measured were: daily feed intake, daily gain, daily water consumption. The results showed that the utilization of VCO up to 4% in the diets had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on daily feed intake, daily gain, daily water consumption of pigs. It can be concluded that the addition of VCO up to 4.0% in the diets has no significant meaning on pig performance.   Key words: Virgin coconut oil (VCO), Performance, Growing pigs  

scholarly journals Identification of blood immune and metabolic indicators explaining the variability of growth of pigs under contrasted sanitary conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Le Floc’h ◽  
F. Gondret ◽  
R. Resmond
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

Abstract Background Health and growth of pigs are affected by the hygiene of housing. Lower growth performance observed in poor hygiene of housing conditions is explained by reduced feed intake and metabolic changes caused by the activation of body defences. In a previous experiment, we reported contrasted average values of body weight gain, concentrations of circulating metabolites, redox and immune indicators in blood of pigs housed in good or poor hygiene conditions during the growing period. This study addressed inter-individual variability in these responses to determine whether a particular blood profile explains average daily gain (ADG) of the pig. Results The data originated from 160 growing pigs, half of which subjected to a hygiene challenge for 6 weeks (W0 to W6) and the others housed in good hygiene conditions. Pigs originated from two lines divergently selected for residual feed intake (RFI). Individual body weights were recorded during this period, and relative ADG (rADGW0-W6) was calculated as the ADG corrected by the initial body weight measured at W0. Blood samples were taken before (W0) and 3 weeks (W3) after the beginning of the challenge. The analysed dataset consisted of 51 metabolites and indicators of immune and inflammatory responses measured on 136 pigs having no missing value for any variables, when calculated as the differences W3 minus W0 in circulating concentrations. An algorithm tested all possible linear regression models and then selected the best ones to explain rADGW0-W6. Six variables were identified across the best models and correlated with rADGW0-W6 with a goodness of fit (adjusted R2) of about 67%. They were changes in haptoglobin, global antioxidant capacity of plasma (Biological Antioxidant Power or BAP), free fatty acids, and 3 amino acids: leucine, tryptophan, and 1-methylhistidine. The effects of housing conditions and RFI lines were comprised in the variables of the selected models and none of these conditions improved accuracy of the predictive models, leading to genericity of the pinpointed metabolic changes in relation to variability of ADG. Conclusions This approach allows us to identify blood variables, whose changes in blood concentrations correlated to ADG under contrasted sanitary conditions.

Insulin secretion, body composition and pig performance are altered by feeding pattern

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald E. Newman ◽  
Jeffery A. Downing ◽  
Peter C. Thomson ◽  
Cherie L. Collins ◽  
David J. Henman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Entire Male

Three studies investigated the effect of feeding strategy on production performance and endocrine status of growing pigs. For Experiment 1, 20 entire male pigs (70.0 ± 4.6 kg) were allocated randomly to individual pens in one of four climate-controlled rooms. Pigs were fed for 23 days either ad libitum or entrained to feed bi-phasically for two 90-min periods. For Experiment 2, 20 entire male pigs (41.2 ± 3.5 kg) were housed as per Experiment 1. Pigs were fed for 49 days either ad libitum or fed bi-phasically for two 60-min periods. For Experiment 3, 100 female pigs (66.1 ± 3.5 kg) were randomly allocated to individual pens within a commercial piggery and fed for 42 days either ad libitum or bi-phasically for two 60-min periods. Ear vein catheters were inserted into 10 pigs from each group and hourly blood samples were collected for 24 h in Experiments 1 and 2 and for 11 h in Experiment 3. Plasma insulin, non-esterified fatty acid and glucose concentrations were determined in Experiments 1 and 2, and glucose and insulin concentrations in Experiment 3. Feed intake and performance were recorded in all experiments and carcass composition was assessed by computed tomography for Experiment 2. There were no differences in final liveweight between the two treatment groups for all experiments. Pigs fed for two 90-min periods (Experiment 1) showed no difference in feed intake when compared with feeding ad libitum. Pigs in Experiment 2 fed for two 60-min intervals consumed 2.49 kg/pig.day compared with those fed ad libitum that consumed 2.68 kg/day (P = 0.057). In Experiment 3, pigs fed twice daily consumed 2.82 kg/pig.day compared with 2.91 kg/pig.day in ad libitum-fed pigs (P = 0.051). Bi-phasic fed pigs in Experiment 2 had improved (P < 0.05) feed conversion efficiency compared with pigs fed ad libitum. For all experiments, there was no difference in plasma glucose concentrations between the two treatments. In all three experiments, the circulating insulin concentrations for pigs fed ad libitum remained at a constant level throughout the sampling period. However, plasma insulin concentrations for the bi-phasic fed pigs significantly increased ~1 h after both feeding periods during all three experiments. Insulin secretion of pigs fed for two 90-min periods differed from that of pigs fed for two 60-min periods. Plasma insulin concentration increased five-fold following feeding for 60 min, compared with that in pigs fed for 90 min, which increased two-fold. Bi-phasic-fed pigs from Experiment 2 had reduced (P < 0.05) total carcass fat and significantly increased muscle when compared with pigs fed ad libitum. The data showed that feeding pigs at two succinct periods aligned insulin secretion to the time of feeding. Pigs fed for 60 min, unlike those fed for 90-min intervals, had reduced feed intake in comparison to those fed ad libitum. This may suggest that the duration of the feeding bout is important for this response and this may in turn influence both energy balance and the way energy is partitioned.

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