Huang-Qi San improves glucose and lipid metabolism and exerts protective effects against hepatic steatosis in high fat diet-fed rats

Citrus fruits are a rich source of high-value bioactive compounds and their consumption has been associated with beneficial effects on human health. Red (blood) oranges (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) are particularly rich in anthocyanins (95% of which are represented by cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-6″-malonyl-glucoside), flavanones (hesperidin, narirutin, and didymin), and hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic acid, coumaric acid, sinapic, and ferulic acid). Lemon fruit (Citrus limon) is also rich in flavanones (eriocitrin, hesperidin, and diosmin) and other polyphenols. All of these compounds are believed to play a very important role as dietary antioxidants due to their ability to scavenge free radicals. A standardized powder extract, red orange and lemon extract (RLE), was obtained by properly mixing anthocyanins and other polyphenols recovered from red orange processing waste with eriocitrin and other flavanones recovered from lemon peel by a patented extraction process. RLE was used for in vivo assays aimed at testing a potential beneficial effect on glucose and lipid metabolism. In vivo experiments performed on male CD1 mice fed with a high-fat diet showed that an 8-week treatment with RLE was able to induce a significant reduction in glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides levels in the blood, with positive effects on regulation of hyperglycemia and lipid metabolism, thus suggesting a potential use of this new phytoextract for nutraceutical purposes.

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Black rice anthocyanins alleviate hyperlipidemia, liver steatosis and insulin resistance by regulating lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in obese mice

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d1fo01394g ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Haizhao Song ◽

Xinchun Shen ◽

Yang Zhou ◽

Xiaodong Zheng

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Liver Steatosis ◽

Obese Mice ◽

Black Rice ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Induced Obesity

Supplementation of black rice anthocyanins (BRAN) alleviated high fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis by improvement of lipid metabolism and modification of the gut microbiota.

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Lactobacillus acidophilus alleviates type 2 diabetes by regulating hepatic glucose, lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in mice

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c9fo01062a ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 5804-5815 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Fenfen Yan ◽

Na Li ◽

Jialu Shi ◽

Huizhen Li ◽

Yingxue Yue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽

Hepatic Glucose

Lactobacillus acidophilus alleviates type 2 diabetes induced by a high fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) injection by regulating gut microbiota, hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism in mice.

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Fisetin Protects Against Hepatic Steatosis Through Regulation of the Sirt1/AMPK and Fatty Acid β-Oxidation Signaling Pathway in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1159/000493650 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 1870-1884 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Chian-Jiun Liou ◽

Ciao-Han Wei ◽

Ya-Ling Chen ◽

Ching-Yi Cheng ◽

Chia-Ling Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Lipid Accumulation ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Fatty Acid Synthase ◽

Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽

Obese Mice ◽

High Fat

Background/Aims: Fisetin is a naturally abundant flavonoid isolated from various fruits and vegetables that was recently identified to have potential biological functions in improving allergic airway inflammation, as well as anti-oxidative and anti-tumor properties. Fisetin has also been demonstrated to have anti-obesity properties in mice. However, the effect of fisetin on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is still elusive. Thus, the present study evaluated whether fisetin improves hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and regulates lipid metabolism of FL83B hepatocytes in vitro. Methods: NAFLD was induced by HFD in male C57BL/6 mice. The mice were then injected intraperitoneally with fisetin for 10 weeks. In another experiment, FL83B cells were challenged with oleic acid to induce lipid accumulation and treated with various concentrations of fisetin. Results: NAFLD mice treated with fisetin had decreased body weight and epididymal adipose tissue weight compared to NAFLD mice. Fisetin treatment also reduced liver lipid droplet and hepatocyte steatosis, alleviated serum free fatty acid, and leptin concentrations, significantly decreased fatty acid synthase, and significantly increased phosphorylation of AMPKα and the production of sirt-1 and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I in the liver tissue. In vitro, fisetin decreased lipid accumulation and increased lipolysis and β-oxidation in hepatocytes. Conclusion: This study suggests that fisetin is a potential novel treatment for alleviating hepatic lipid metabolism and improving NAFLD in mice via activation of the sirt1/AMPK and β-oxidation pathway.

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Oral Bisphenol A Worsens Liver Immune-Metabolic and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by High-Fat Diet in Adult Mice: Cross-Talk between Oxidative Stress and Inflammasome Pathway

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9121201 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1201

Author(s):

Claudio Pirozzi ◽

Adriano Lama ◽

Chiara Annunziata ◽

Gina Cavaliere ◽

Clara Ruiz-Fernandez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Bisphenol A ◽

Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽

Cross Talk ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Additional Risk Factor ◽

High Fat ◽

Endocrine Disrupting Chemical ◽

Glucose And Lipid Metabolism

Lines of evidence have shown the embryogenic and transgenerational impact of bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, on immune-metabolic alterations, inflammation, and oxidative stress, while BPA toxic effects in adult obese mice are still overlooked. Here, we evaluate BPA’s worsening effect on several hepatic maladaptive processes associated to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. After 12 weeks HFD feeding, C57Bl/6J male mice were exposed daily to BPA (50 μg/kg per os) along with HFD for 3 weeks. Glucose tolerance and lipid metabolism were examined in serum and/or liver. Hepatic oxidative damage (reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes), and mitochondrial respiratory capacity were evaluated. Moreover, liver damage progression and inflammatory/immune response were determined by histological and molecular analysis. BPA amplified HFD-induced alteration of key factors involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, liver triglycerides accumulation, and worsened mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing oxidative stress and reducing antioxidant defense. The exacerbation by BPA of hepatic immune-metabolic dysfunction induced by HFD was shown by increased toll-like receptor-4 and its downstream pathways (i.e., NF-kB and NLRP3 inflammasome) amplifying inflammatory cytokine transcription and promoting fibrosis progression. This study evidences that BPA exposure represents an additional risk factor for the progression of fatty liver diseases strictly related to the cross-talk between oxidative stress and immune-metabolic impairment due to obesity.

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The down regulation of PTP1B expression and attenuation of disturbed glucose and lipid metabolism using Borassus flabellifer (L) fruit methanol extract in high fat diet and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.11.004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 433-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. Duraipandiyan ◽

R. Balamurugan ◽

Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi ◽

T. William Raja ◽

P. Ganesan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

High Fat ◽

Down Regulation ◽

Glucose And Lipid Metabolism

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Electroacupuncture Prevents Osteoarthritis of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/9380965 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Lin-Lin Xie ◽

Yu-Li Zhao ◽

Jian Yang ◽

Hui Cheng ◽

Zhen-Dong Zhong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Joint Inflammation ◽

Protective Effects ◽

High Fat ◽

Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽

Metabolism Disorder ◽

Obese Rats

The effects of acupuncture on osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis have been demonstrated in vitro and in animal models. However, the potential for acupuncture to mediate protective effects on obese-induced OA has not been examined. Here, we investigated the effects of different acupuncture patterns on OA pathogenesis in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese rats. After 12-week diet-induced obesity, obese rats were treated with three acupuncture protocols for 2 weeks, including ST36, GB34, and ST36+GB34. The results showed that the three acupuncture protocols both prevented obesity-induced cartilage matrix degradation and MMP expression and mitigated obesity-induced systemic and local inflammation but had different regulatory effects on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota disorder of obese-induced OA rats. Furthermore, the three acupuncture protocols increased the microbial diversity and altered the structure of community of feces in obese rats. We found that ST36 and GB34 could inhibit proinflammatory shift in the gut microbiome with an increase in the ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes and promote the recovery of relative abundance of Clostridium, Akkermansia, Butyricimonas, and Lactococcus. Although both ST36 and GB34 had an anti-inflammatory effect on serum inflammatory mediators, only the acupuncture protocol with both ST36 and GB34 could effectively inhibit LPS-mediated joint inflammation in obesity rats. Therefore, relieving obesity-related chronic inflammation, lipid metabolism disorder, and gut microbiota disorder may be an important mechanism for acupuncture with ST36 and GB34 to promote OA recovery.

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Vitamin D attenuates high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in rats by modulating lipid metabolism

European Journal of Clinical Investigation ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2362.2012.02706.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 42 (11) ◽

pp. 1189-1196 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Yi Yin ◽

Zhiwen Yu ◽

Min Xia ◽

Xiaoqin Luo ◽

Xiaofei Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat

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CTRP3 attenuates diet-induced hepatic steatosis by regulating triglyceride metabolism

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.00102.2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 305 (3) ◽

pp. G214-G224 ◽

Cited By ~ 70

Author(s):

Jonathan M. Peterson ◽

Marcus M. Seldin ◽

Zhikui Wei ◽

Susan Aja ◽

G. William Wong

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Hepatic Triglyceride ◽

Wild Type ◽

High Fat ◽

Triglyceride Synthesis ◽

Modest Improvement ◽

Protective Function

CTRP3 is a secreted plasma protein of the C1q family that helps regulate hepatic gluconeogenesis and is downregulated in a diet-induced obese state. However, the role of CTRP3 in regulating lipid metabolism has not been established. Here, we used a transgenic mouse model to address the potential function of CTRP3 in ameliorating high-fat diet-induced metabolic stress. Both transgenic and wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet showed similar body weight gain, food intake, and energy expenditure. Despite similar adiposity to wild-type mice upon diet-induced obesity (DIO), CTRP3 transgenic mice were strikingly resistant to the development of hepatic steatosis, had reduced serum TNF-α levels, and demonstrated a modest improvement in systemic insulin sensitivity. Additionally, reduced hepatic triglyceride levels were due to decreased expression of enzymes (GPAT, AGPAT, and DGAT) involved in triglyceride synthesis. Importantly, short-term daily administration of recombinant CTRP3 to DIO mice for 5 days was sufficient to improve the fatty liver phenotype, evident as reduced hepatic triglyceride content and expression of triglyceride synthesis genes. Consistent with a direct effect on liver cells, recombinant CTRP3 treatment reduced fatty acid synthesis and neutral lipid accumulation in cultured rat H4IIE hepatocytes. Together, these results establish a novel role for CTRP3 hormone in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism and highlight its protective function and therapeutic potential in attenuating hepatic steatosis.

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