Considering an affect regulation framework for examining the association between body dissatisfaction and positive body image in Black older adolescent females: Does body mass index matter?

BACKGROUND: Body weight concern and belief in adolescent females are of great importance. They are the keys to successful dietary interventions including dietary habits’ modifications to practice a healthy diet. This critical phase of transition from childhood to adulthood is the most sensitive stage of behavioural rectification.AIM: This study was conducted with the aim to figure out the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction and the association of body image satisfaction and believe with body mass index in adolescent girls aged 16-18 years.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two hundred and three Egyptian adolescent females were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Their mean age was (17.4 ± 0.64) years old. Self-administered questionnaires about the students’ body satisfaction and weight belief were answered by the candidates. Their body mass index was calculated. Also, sociodemographic data were collected. Data were analysed using SPSS software version 16.0. Chi-square test was conducted for the variables.RESULTS: Sixty-eight percent of the students were within normal weight, 3.3% were underweight, while 18.2% and 10.5% were overweight and obese respectively. Body dissatisfaction was prevalent among 37.4%. The prevalence of body dissatisfaction was higher in both obese and underweight candidates reaching (93.8% and 80%) respectively. This reflects students’ awareness of their body shape.CONCLUSION: More than one-third of adolescent females were dissatisfied with their body image. The subjective belief about self-body image matched the objective Body Mass Index measurements.

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Body Image in Women during Midlife

Bulletin of Kemerovo State University ◽

10.21603/2078-8975-2019-21-2-375-383 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 375-383

Author(s):

Ksenia N. Belogai

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Image ◽

Body Mass ◽

The Body ◽

Lower Body ◽

Middle Adulthood ◽

Positive Body Image ◽

Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽

Global Trend ◽

Positive Feelings

The present paper deals with the body image formed in women during the period of middle adulthood, or midlife. The research featured Russian-speaking women, who demonstrated a global trend in that they expressed mainly negative ideas about their body and a standard dissatisfaction with their appearance. The women were concerned with their body weight, shape, and functional characteristics. In middle adulthood, body image is determined, to a large extent, by the exclusively female bodily experience, i.e. menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding. For instance, women with a positive attitude towards their own body were less likely to have abortions or miscarriages, complications during pregnancy and childbirth. In addition, they expressed more pronounced positive feelings associated with the movement of the fetus in the womb. In general, positive body image was found to form in those pregnant women who moved on from evaluating their appearance to evaluating the functionality of their body. The data also showed that the body image in women aged 25–40 depended on the body mass index: women with a lower body mass index had a more positive body image.

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Can Parental Body Dissatisfaction Predict That of Children? A Study on Body Dissatisfaction, Body Mass Index, and Desire to Diet in Children Aged 9–11 and Their Families

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.650744 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Natalia Solano-Pinto ◽

Yolanda Sevilla-Vera ◽

Raquel Fernández-Cézar ◽

Dunia Garrido

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Image ◽

Body Dissatisfaction ◽

Body Mass ◽

Sociocultural Factors ◽

Drive For Thinness ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Drive For Muscularity ◽

Healthy Habits

Body image has been associated with self-care and the assumption of either healthy habits or poor diets and eating disorders. As a vital element in the formation of a positive body image, the role of the family in childhood has been highlighted by a few studies. This study aimed to assess whether children’s body dissatisfaction could be predicted by their parents’ body dissatisfaction, body mass index (BMI), and approach to change. The sample consisted of 581 participants (366 parents and 215 children). The following instruments were used: anthropometric data, the Brief Scale of Body Dissatisfaction for Children, the IMAGE questionnaire (approach to change and drive for muscularity subscales), and the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness subscales). The results indicated that 19% of children, 22.8% of mothers, and 70.2% of fathers were overweight or obese. The multiple regression models developed for boys and girls explained 60 and 57% of the variance in body dissatisfaction, respectively. Several variables attributable to the mother (higher approach to change, higher drive for thinness, and higher BMI) and to the boys themselves (drive for muscularity, approach to change, and having a high BMI percentile) predicted a higher level of body dissatisfaction. For girls, only variables regarding themselves (approach to change, age, and BMI percentile) explained their body dissatisfaction. Relationships with the traits of the father were not detected for both models. The influence of sociocultural factors on the construction of gender and the negative consequences of mothers’ dieting for aesthetic purposes, on the development of children’s body image, are discussed.

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Satisfaction of Body Image in Adolescents With Different Maturity Stages

Journal of Human Growth and Development ◽

10.7322/jhgd.127574 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 300

Author(s):

Renata Poliane Nacer de Carvalho Dantas ◽

Thaisys Blanc dos Santos Simões ◽

Petrus Gantois Dias Massa Santos ◽

Paulo Moreira Silva Dantas ◽

Breno Guilherme De Araújo Tinoco Cabral

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Image ◽

Body Dissatisfaction ◽

Body Mass ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽

The Body ◽

Chi Square ◽

Maturational Stage ◽

Body Modifications

Introduction: Adolescence is a period marked by intense body modifications that occur differently according to the maturational stage and sex, which can generate different body image perceptions.Objective: This study aims to compare and associate body image satisfaction in different maturational stages. Methods: Overall, 207 adolescents of both sexes aged 10-12 years were evaluated. Maturation was estimated through an equation predictive of skeletal age and for the body image evaluation, the scale of silhouettes was used. The statistical tests used were chi-square and logistic regression (odds ratio) with respective confidence intervals (95% CI).Results: There was a prevalence of body image dissatisfaction of 63.8% (p <0.001). In both sexes, subjects with accelerated maturation had greater body image dissatisfaction (girls p = 0.0, boys p = 0.04), and desire to reduce their silhouette scale (p <0.001). Subjects with accelerated maturation were 2.88 more likely (CI 95% 1.03 - 8.05) of having body image dissatisfaction when compared to normal maturation; however, when adjusting for body mass index, the association lost its significance. Conclusion: It could be concluded that body dissatisfaction perceived by young individuals is independent of sex, and there is an association between accelerated maturational stage 2.88 times higher than in the normal maturational stage in relation to body dissatisfaction, in which the body mass index appears to be the main predictor for body dissatisfaction.

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Effect of the Parent–Adolescent Relationship on Adolescent Boys’ Body Image and Subjective Well-Being

American Journal of Men s Health ◽

10.1177/1557988317696428 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 920-929 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ofra Walter ◽

Vered Shenaar-Golan

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Image ◽

Body Mass ◽

Well Being ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Adolescent Boys ◽

Positive Body Image ◽

Personal Appearance ◽

Physical Changes ◽

Adolescent Relationship

Adolescent boys must cope with physical changes that hamper their ability to form a positive body image. Sociocultural messages influence the concepts of body image, personal appearance, and weight, encouraging men to develop lean and muscular bodies. The current study examined adolescent boys’ body image and its relationship to their subjective well-being (SWB) and the effect of the parent–adolescent relationship on body image and SWB. Participating in the research were 107 adolescent boys in Israel, aged 13 to 18 years. Four questionnaires were utilized: demographic, body mass index, Body Investment Scale, and Personal Well-Being Index. The findings indicate a significant, medium positive correlation between SWB and body image. After controlling for the variable of parent–adolescent relationship, the correlation weakened, indicating that the parent–adolescent relationship has no effect on adolescent boys’ SWB and body image. Body image was reported to be a predictor of SWB.

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Subjective Health, Physical Activity, Body Image and School Wellbeing among Adolescents in South of Sweden

Nursing Reports ◽

10.3390/nursrep11040076 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 811-822

Author(s):

Ann-Christin Sollerhed ◽

Emma Lilja ◽

Emily Heldt Holmgren ◽

Pernilla Garmy

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Image ◽

Body Mass ◽

Subjective Health ◽

Financial Situation ◽

High Physical Activity ◽

Positive Body Image ◽

Good Family ◽

Body Appearance

This study aimed to investigate subjective health and its associations with perceived body image (body appearance and body functioning), physical activity, perceived wellbeing in school, perceived family financial situation, and body mass index among 13- to 15-year-old boys and girls. The study was a cross-sectional study performed in four municipalities in Southern Sweden. Data were obtained from questionnaires completed by adolescents (median age 14; range: 13–15) in Sweden (n = 1518, 51% girls), with a participation rate of 73%. Body weight and body height were measured by school nurses and body mass index was calculated. Logistic regression analyses were carried out with subjective health as the dependent variable. Independent variables included in the model were perceived wellbeing in school, perceived family financial situation, perceived body image, physical activity, body mass index, sex, and residency. Variables significantly associated with good subjective health were good wellbeing in school, a perceived good family financial situation, perceived positive body appearance, perceived positive body functioning, being a boy, and high physical activity. Residency and body mass index were not associated with subjective health. Good subjective health is associated with good wellbeing in school, good family financial situation, positive body image, and high physical activity levels. The results highlight the importance of good school climates, the promotion of positive body image, and increased physical activity for adolescents.

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The Draw-A-Person Test and Body Image

Rorschachiana Journal of the International Society for the Rorschach ◽

10.1027/1192-5604/a000042 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 3-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jonathan E. Handelzalts ◽

Yael Ben-Artzy-Cohen

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Image ◽

Body Mass ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Diet Group ◽

Female Students ◽

Self Report ◽

Body Image Scale ◽

Healthy Female

The Draw-A-Person (DAP) test has been the center of a long-lasting debate regarding its validity. This study investigated the DAP indices of height, width (size), and inclusion/omission of details and their relation to body image as measured by a self-report scale (Gray’s body image scale) and manifested by the diet behaviors and body mass index of 55 healthy female students. Although the drawings of the diet group were smaller, there was no significant relationship between figure size and diet behaviors. However, body image as measured by a self-report scale did result in significant differences between groups. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between the size of the figure drawn and body image as measured by a self-report scale (larger figures correlated with better body image). No significant results were found for the omission/inclusion indices of the DAP. These results are discussed in light of previous findings regarding the DAP.

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Restrained eating in Lebanese adolescents: scale validation and correlates

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02728-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tracy Boulos Nakhoul ◽

Anthony Mina ◽

Michel Soufia ◽

Sahar Obeid ◽

Souheil Hallit

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Body Dissatisfaction ◽

Body Mass ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Activity Index ◽

Arab Countries ◽

Restrained Eating ◽

Distress Scale

Abstract Background Restrained eating disorder is prevalent worldwide across both ethnic and different cultural groups, and most importantly within the adolescent population. Additionally, comorbidities of restrained eating present a large burden on both physical and mental health of individuals. Moreover, literature is relatively scarce in Arab countries regarding eating disorders, let alone restrained eating, and among adolescent populations; hence, the aim of this study was to (1) validate the Dutch Restrained Eating Scale in a sample of Lebanese adolescents and (2) assess factors correlated with restrained eating (RE), while taking body dissatisfaction as a moderator between body mass index (BMI) and RE. Methods This cross-sectional study, conducted between May and June 2020 during the lockdown period imposed by the Lebanese government, included 614 adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years from all Lebanese governorates (mean age of 16.66 ± 1.01 years). The scales used were: Dutch Restrained Eating Scale, body dissatisfaction subscale of the Eating Disorder Inventory-Second version, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Beirut Distress Scale (for psychological distress), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire (for depression). Results The factor analysis yielded a one-factor solution with Eigen values > 1 (variance explained = 59.65 %; αCronbach = 0.924). Female gender (B = 0.19), higher BMI (B = 0.49), higher physical activity index (B = 0.17), following a diet to lose weight (B = 0.26), starving oneself to lose weight (B = 0.13), more body dissatisfaction (B = 1.09), and higher stress (B = 0.18) were significantly associated with more RE, whereas taking medications to lose weight (B=-0.10) was significantly associated with less RE. The interaction body mass index (BMI) by body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with RE; in the group with low BMI, higher body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with more RE. Conclusions Our study showed that the Dutch Restrained Eating scale is an adapted and validated tool to be used among Lebanese adolescents and revealed factors associated with restrained eating in this population. Since restrained eating has been associated with many clinically-diagnosed eating disorders, the results of this study might serve as a first step towards the development of prevention strategies targeted towards promoting a healthy lifestyle in Lebanese adolescents.

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Ideal body image for the opposite sex and its association with body mass index

Journal of Biosocial Science ◽

10.1017/s0021932021000705 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

María Eugenia Ibáñez-Zamacona ◽

Alaitz Poveda ◽

Esther Rebato

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Image ◽

Body Mass ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Age Group ◽

Younger Age ◽

Opposite Sex ◽

Ideal Body Image ◽

Ideal Body ◽

Spearman’S Correlation

Abstract This research studied the preferences reported by women and men about their Ideal Body Image for the Opposite Sex (IBIOS), and its association with body mass index (BMI). It also analysed the preferences of each sex for a woman’s ideal body image (W-IBI) and a man’s ideal body image (M-IBI). A total of 450 participants aged 18–70 years with different weights were studied. Their IBIOS was assessed using standard figural stimuli. The sample was divided in four groups by sex and age (<45 years; ≥45 years). Sex and age differences in IBIOS, as well as sex differences in the preferences for a woman’s ideal body image (W-IBI) and a man’s ideal body image (M-IBI), were tested using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. The association between IBIOS and BMI was analysed using Spearman’s correlation. In all groups, the most chosen silhouette as IBIOS was number 4. In the under-45 years group, women chose bigger silhouettes for the opposite sex than men did (p<0.05). In this age group women chose as ideal smaller silhouettes for the female body than men did (p<0.01). In addition, women and men in the younger age group and with normal weight chose smaller silhouettes, while those who were overweight or obese selected larger silhouettes (p<0.001). Age was found to be a relevant factor in IBIOS preferences, and in the association between IBIOS and nutritional status as measured by BMI, which was only observed to be significant in the younger age group.

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Agreement and association between different indicators of body image and body mass index in adolescents

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/1809-4503201400030014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 747-760 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carla Fernandez dos Santos ◽

Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro ◽

Letícia de Oliveira Cardoso ◽

Letícia Ferreira Tavares

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Image ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Body Mass ◽

Private Schools ◽

Weighted Kappa ◽

Continuous Variable ◽

The Body ◽

Kappa Statistics ◽

Image Variables

The aim of the study was to examine the correlation among different indicators of body image; between each one of these and nutritional status; and the association of these indicators with the Body Mass Index (BMI) of adolescents. A random sample of 152 students from public and private schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, was studied. On four occasions, two silhouette scales and two questions regarding the opinion of the student about his/her body and weight were applied and weight and height were measured. The BMI was examined both as a continuous and as a categorical variable. The agreement between the variables was analyzed using the quadratic weighted Kappa statistics. The association between body image variables and BMI was examined by the comparison among median, mean, standard deviation and 95% confidence interval of BMI for each category of the body image variables. In general, the correlation among the body image variables ranged from reasonable to good; between these and the variable nutritional status, correlation ranged from regular to reasonable. Best results were observed among boys and students from private schools. All body image variables showed good discriminatory power for BMI, when it was analyzed as a continuous variable, even when controlling for potential confounders. The question about body seems to be better than that about weight to compose the questionnaire of a surveillance system for risk and protective factors for adolescent health.

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