ATLAS: Software for analysing the relationship between urban microclimate and urban morphology in a tropical city

2021 ◽  
pp. 108591
Author(s):  
Shisheng Chen ◽  
Nyuk Hien Wong ◽  
Marcel Ignatius ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Yang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Microclimate ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Atlas Software

scholarly journals The Contribution of Urban Morphology to the Formation of the Microclimate in Compact Urban Cores: A Study in the City Center of Thessaloniki

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Georgios-Rafail Kouklis ◽  
Athena Yiannakou
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
City Center ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the contribution of urban morphology to the formation of microclimatic conditions prevailing within urban outdoor spaces. We studied the compact form of a city and examined, at a detailed, street plan level, elements related to air temperature, urban ventilation, and the individual’s thermal comfort. All elements examined are directly affected by both the urban form and the availability of open and green spaces. The field study took place in a typical compact urban fabric of an old city center, the city center of Thessaloniki, where we investigated the relationship between urban morphology and microclimate. Urban morphology was gauged by examining the detailed street plan, along with the local building patterns. We used a simulation method based on the ENVI-met© software. The findings of the field study highlight the fact that the street layout, the urban canyon, and the open and green spaces in a compact urban form contribute decisively both to the creation of the microclimatic conditions and to the influence of the bioclimatic parameters.

scholarly journals Building a timeline, developing a narrative: visualising fringe belt formation alongside street network development

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Geddes ◽  
Nadia Charalambous
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Composite Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cyclical Process ◽  
Diachronic Analysis ◽  
Generative Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Related Paper

This project was developed as an attempt to assess the relationship between different morphogenetic processes, in particular, those of fringe belt formation as described by M.R.G. Conzen (1960) and Whitehand (2001), and of centrality and compactness as described by Hillier (1999; 2002). Different approaches’ focus on different elements of the city has made it difficult to establish exactly how these processes interact or whether they are simply different facets of development reflecting wider socio-economic factors. To address this issue, a visual, chronological timeline of Limassol’s development was constructed along with a narrative of the socio-economic context of its development.  The complexity of cities, however, makes static visualisations across time difficult to read and assess alongside textual narratives. We therefore took the step of developing an animation of land use and configurational analyses of Limassol, in order bring to life the diachronic analysis of the city and shed light on its generative mechanisms. The video presented here shows that the relationship between the processes mentioned above is much stronger and more complex than previously thought. The related paper explores in more detail the links between fringe belt formation as a cyclical process of peripheral development and centrality as a recurring process of minimisation of gains in distance. The project’s outcomes clearly show that composite methods of visualisations are an analytical opportunity still little exploited within urban morphology. References Conzen, M.R.G., 1960. Alnwick, Northumberland: A Study in Town-Plan Analysis, London: Institute of British Geographers. Hillier, B., 2002. A Theory of the City as Object: or how spatial laws mediate the social construction of urban space. Urban Des Int, 7(3–4), pp.153–179. Hillier, B., 1999. Centrality as a process: accounting for attraction inequalities in deformed grids. Urban Des Int, 4(3–4), pp.107–127. Whitehand, J.W.R., 2001. British urban morphology: the Conzenian tradition. Urban Morphology, 5(2), pp.103–109.

The Relationship Between Urban Morphology and Street Lighting Operating Costs: Evidence from Medium-sized Spanish Cities

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Garrido-Jiménez ◽  
Francesc Magrinyá ◽  
María Consuelo del Moral-Ávila ◽  
Gustavo Rodríguez-García
Keyword(s):  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Urbanisation Footprints and the Distribution of Air Quality in Nairobi City, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice O Oyugi
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Morphological Parameter ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Morphological Variables ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Morphological Variable

Various postulations on the relationship between urban morphology and air quality are qualitative. This fails to establish the strength of the contributions of each morphological parameter in the spatial distribution of the air quality. It is this gap in knowledge that this study sought to fill by modelling the correlation existing between the urban morphological variables of development density, land uses, biomass index and air quality values of Nairobi city. While 30 development zones of the city constituted the target population, IKONOS satellite imagery of the city for the year 2015 was utilised in establishing the development densities, land uses and biomass index. The parameters were transformed into numerical surrogates ranging from 1 to 10 with lower values accorded to zones with low biomass index, the highest development density, noxious land uses, high gaseous concentrations and vice-versa. Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r), coefficients of determination (R), t-tests and the Analysis of Variance (F-tests) with levels of significance being 95% were used to determine the strengths, significances and consistencies of the established relationships. The study established that development density is the most significant morphological variable influencing the distribution of air quality. This is followed by biomass index and to a weaker extent, land uses.

scholarly journals Study of urban microclimate conditions in a commercial area of an urban centre and the environmental regeneration potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 899 (1) ◽  
pp. 012017
Author(s):  
Th Rapti ◽  
A Kantzioura
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Specific Humidity ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Urban Microclimate ◽  
The Road ◽  
Urban Geometry ◽  
Commercial Area ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Air Speed

Abstract Urban heat island (UHI) is a phenomenon that affects the urban microclimate. Land use, urban geometry, cover materials, vegetation, the water element and human activities are the most important factors that affect the UHI. This research focused on the study and analysis of the urban microclimate of three sections of a commercial street area that differ in their morphology. The first area includes a stream near the road, the second area includes the purely commercial part of the street and the third area includes the fringes of a hill in (Thessaloniki, “Toumpa”, Gr Lampraki Street). Using the Envimet V4 program, three simulations were performed for the selected study areas for the hottest day of the previous year, August 1, 2020. The values with the largest variations in all three areas were those of relative and specific humidity and finally air speed. The air temperature was higher in relation to the suburban area (UHI) and did not show significant differences in the three study areas. This leads us to the conclusion that the urban morphology, orientation and geographical location of the three study areas played the most important role in shaping the urban microclimate. Finally, is suggested one alternative scenario for optimizing the microclimate in the most burdened area of the three.

scholarly journals Alteration of Urban Microclimate in Bandung, Indonesia Based on Urban Morphology

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (special) ◽  
pp. 213-220
Author(s):  
Beta PARAMITA ◽  
Wayan SUPARTA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Urban Microclimate

scholarly journals Complexity of relationship between 2D/3D urban morphology and land surface temperature: A multi-scale perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Liu ◽  
Zhipeng Wang ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Baolei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Grid Size ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Maximum Information ◽  
Building Density ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Urban morphology is a crucial contributor to urban heat island (UHI) effects. However, few studies have explored the complex effect of 2D/3D urban morphology on UHI from a multi-scale perspective. In this study, We chose the central area of Jinan city, which was commonly known as the “furnace”, as the case study area. novel 2D/3D urban morphology indexes-building coverage ratio (BCR)(for assessing the 2D building density), building volume density (BVD)( for assessing the 3D building density), and the frontal area index (FAI)(for assessing 3D ventilation conditions) were calculated and derived to investigated complexity of relationship between 2D/3D urban morphology and land surface temperature(LST) at different scales using the maximum information coefficient (MIC) and geographically weighted regression (GWR). The results indicated that (1) These newly 2D/3D urban morphology indexes as essential factors that are responsible for LST variation, BCR is the most important urban morphology index affecting the LST, followed by BVD and FAI. Importantly, the relationship between the BCR, BVD, and FAI and the LST was an inverse U-shaped curve. (2) The relationship between 2D/3D urban morphology and LST variation showed a significant scale effect. With increased grid size, the correlation between the BCR, BVD, and FAI and the LST strengthened, “inflection point” of inverse U-shaped curve was significantly declined, and their explanation rate to LST first increased and then decreased, with a maximum value at the 700-m scale. Additionally, the FAI exerted a stronger negative effect, while the BCR and BVD generally had stronger positive effects on LST as the grid size increasing. This study extends our scientific understanding of the complexity effect of urban morphology on LST and is of great practical significance for urban thermal environment regulation at multi-scale.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Influence of Urban Morphology on Urban Wind Environment Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Chia-An Ku ◽  
Hung-Kai Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Wind Environment ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Due to urbanization around the world, people living in urban areas have been suffering from a series of negative effects caused by changes in urban microclimate, especially when it comes to urban heat islands (UHIs). To mitigate UHIs, management of urban wind environments is increasingly considered as a crucial part of the process. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of wind fields has become a prevailing method to explore the relationship between morphological factors and wind environment. However, most studies are focused on building scale and fail to reflect the effects of comprehensive planning. In addition, the combined influence of different morphological factors on wind environment is rarely discussed. Therefore, this study tries to explore the relationship between urban morphology and wind environment in a new-town area. CFD method was applied to simulate the wind field, and 11 scenarios based on criteria according to existing literature, planning regulations and local characteristics were developed. The simulation results from different scenarios show that the impact of the five selected factors on wind speeds was non-linear, and the impact varied significantly among different areas of the study region. Simulation of the differences in regional wind speeds among different planning scenarios can provide strong decision-making support.

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