Mesothelial cell transplantation in the infarct scar induces neovascularization and improves heart function

AbstractStem cells are undifferentiated cells that can divide and become differentiated. Hematopoietic stem cells cannot transform into new stem cells such as cardiomyocytes or new heart valves, but they act through paracrine effects, by secreting cytokines and growth factors that lead to an increase in contractility and overall improved function. In this case report, we present how autologous stem cell transplantation can bring two major benefits: the first refers to hematological malignancy and the second is about the improvement of the heart condition. We present the case of a 60-year-old patient diagnosed with multiple myeloma suffering from a bi-valve severe condition in which autologous stem cell transplantation led to the remission of the patient’s malignant disease and also improved the heart function.

Download Full-text

Preconditioned and Genetically Modified Stem Cells for Myocardial Infarction Treatment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21197301 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (19) ◽

pp. 7301 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kamila Raziyeva ◽

Aiganym Smagulova ◽

Yevgeniy Kim ◽

Saltanat Smagul ◽

Ayan Nurkesh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Stem Cell Transplantation ◽

Cell Transplantation ◽

Heart Function ◽

Cellular Reprogramming ◽

Genetic Manipulations ◽

Cell Transplantation Therapy ◽

Transplantation Therapy

Ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction remain leading causes of mortality worldwide. Existing myocardial infarction treatments are incapable of fully repairing and regenerating the infarcted myocardium. Stem cell transplantation therapy has demonstrated promising results in improving heart function following myocardial infarction. However, poor cell survival and low engraftment at the harsh and hostile environment at the site of infarction limit the regeneration potential of stem cells. Preconditioning with various physical and chemical factors, as well as genetic modification and cellular reprogramming, are strategies that could potentially optimize stem cell transplantation therapy for clinical application. In this review, we discuss the most up-to-date findings related to utilizing preconditioned stem cells for myocardial infarction treatment, focusing mainly on preconditioning with hypoxia, growth factors, drugs, and biological agents. Furthermore, genetic manipulations on stem cells, such as the overexpression of specific proteins, regulation of microRNAs, and cellular reprogramming to improve their efficiency in myocardial infarction treatment, are discussed as well.

Download Full-text

Mesothelial Cells from Tunica Vaginalis, a Practical Source for Mesothelial Transplantation

The International Journal of Artificial Organs ◽

10.1177/039139880703000607 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 495-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

T. Asano ◽

R. Takazawa ◽

M. Yamato ◽

K. Kihara ◽

T. Okano

Keyword(s):

Cell Transplantation ◽

Fetal Development ◽

Mesothelial Cell ◽

Mesothelial Cells ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Tunica Vaginalis ◽

Physiological Conditions ◽

Reliable Source ◽

Novel Method ◽

Near Future

Transplantation of mesothelial cells is used to repair peritoneum that is damaged by surgery, peritonitis, and peritoneal dialysis. The largest obstacle for clinical application of mesothelial cell transplantation is the lack of a reliable source of mesothelial cells. So far, they are isolated from omentum, mesentery, parietal wall and ascites. Procedures used to obtain mesothelial cells from the omentum or mesentery are invasive, however, especially in pre-operative situations. Sufficient amounts of ascites for aspiration can not be obtained under physiological conditions. We have developed a novel method of isolating mesothelial cells from the tunica vaginalis. The tunica vaginalis originates from the peritoneum and descends into the scrotum along with the testis during fetal development. This region provides a source of mesothelial cells that is convenient to approach and free from abdominal complications. Transplantation of autologous mesothelial cells that were isolated from tunica vaginalis was effective in preventing post-operative adhesions. In this review, we summarize mesothelial cell transplantation trials and describe the method of isolating mesothelial cells form the tunica vaginalis. Mesothelial cell transplantation might be widely accepted for clinical use in the near future.

Download Full-text

Feasibility of Mesothelial Transplantation during Experimental Peritoneal Dialysis and Peritonitis

The International Journal of Artificial Organs ◽

10.1177/039139880703000609 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 513-519 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L.H.P. Hekking ◽

J. Van Den Born

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Cell Transplantation ◽

Cell Layer ◽

Adhesion Formation ◽

Mesothelial Cell ◽

Continuous Exposure ◽

Peritoneal Membrane ◽

Trouble Shooting ◽

Transplantation Experiments ◽

Dialysis Fluids

The mesothelial cell layer lining the peritoneum orchestrates peritoneal homeostasis. Continuous exposure to peritoneal dialysis fluids and episodes of peritonitis may damage the monolayer irreversibly, eventually leading to adhesion formation and fibrosis/sclerosis of the peritoneum. Autologous mesothelial cell transplantation is thought to be one of the options to reduce dysfunction of the peritoneal membrane. In this article we will review the mesothelial cell transplantation experiments performed in the field of peritoneal dialysis and peritonitis. In addition we will focus on the trouble shooting using cultured autologous mesothelial cells for transplantation.

Download Full-text

Enhanced cell transplantation: preventing apoptosis increases cell survival and ventricular function

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00155.2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 291 (2) ◽

pp. H939-H947 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Yoshinobu Nakamura ◽

Tamotsu Yasuda ◽

Richard D. Weisel ◽

Ren-Ke Li

Keyword(s):

Heat Shock ◽

Cell Survival ◽

Ventricular Function ◽

Cell Transplantation ◽

Heart Function ◽

Gene Transfection ◽

Treated Group ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Groups ◽

Aortic Smooth Muscle

Cell transplantation prevents cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction. However, because most implanted cells are lost to ischemia and apoptosis, the benefits of cell transplantation on heart function could be improved by increasing cell survival. To examine this possibility, male Lewis rat aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs; 4 × 106) were pretreated with antiapoptotic Bcl-2 gene transfection or heat shock and then implanted into the infarcted myocardium of anesthetized, syngenic female rats ( n = 23 per group). On the first day after transplantation, apoptotic SMCs were quantified by using transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining. On days 7 and 28, grafted cell survival was quantified by using real-time PCR, and heart function was assessed with the use of echocardiography and the Langendorff apparatus. SMCs given antiapoptotic pretreatments exhibited improvements in each measure relative to controls. Apoptosis was reduced in Bcl-2-treated cells relative to all other groups ( P < 0.05), whereas survival ( P < 0.01) was increased. Heat shock also significantly decreased apoptosis and increased survival relative to control groups ( P < 0.05 for group effect), although these effects were less pronounced than in the Bcl-2-treated group. Further, scar areas were reduced in both Bcl-2- and heat shock-treated groups relative to controls ( P < 0.05), and fractional area change and cardiac function were greater ( P < 0.05 for both measures). These results indicate that antiapoptosis pretreatments reduced grafted SMC loss after transplantation and enhanced grafted cell survival and ventricular function, which was directly related ( r = 0.72; P = 0.002) to the number of surviving engrafted cells.

Download Full-text