Association of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, adiponectin, and low-grade inflammation with the course of the metabolic syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
YuSong Ding ◽  
ShuGang Li ◽  
Ru-Lin Ma ◽  
Heng Guo ◽  
JingYu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

scholarly journals Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and metabolic syndrome at baseline of a multicentric Brazilian cohort: ELSA-Brasil study

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de Fátima Haueisen Sander Diniz ◽  
Alline Maria Rezende Beleigoli ◽  
Maria Inês Schmidt ◽  
Bruce B. Duncan ◽  
Antônio Luiz P. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Brazilian Cohort ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a method to measure insulin resistance. HOMA-IR cut-offs for identifying metabolic syndrome might vary across populations and body mass index (BMI) levels. We aimed to investigate HOMA-insulin resistance cut-offs that best discriminate individuals with insulin resistance and with metabolic syndrome for each BMI category in a large sample of adults without diabetes in the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Among the 12,313 participants with mean age of 51.2 (SD 8.9) years, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 34.6%, and 60.1% had overweight or obesity. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among normal weight, overweight and obesity categories were, respectively, 13%, 43.2% and 60.7%. The point of maximum combined sensitivity and specificity of HOMA-IR to discriminate the metabolic syndrome was 2.35 in the whole sample, with increasing values at higher BMI categories. This investigation contributes to better understanding HOMA-IR values associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in a large Brazilian adult sample, and that use of cut-off points according to ROC curve may be the better strategy. It also suggests that different values might be appropriate across BMI categories.

scholarly journals Circulating Irisin in Relation to Insulin Resistance and the Metabolic Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 4899-4907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Hee Park ◽  
Lesya Zaichenko ◽  
Mary Brinkoetter ◽  
Bindiya Thakkar ◽  
Ayse Sahin-Efe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

Context: Irisin, a recently identified hormone, has been proposed to regulate energy homeostasis and obesity in mice. Whether irisin levels are associated with risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), cardiometabolic variables, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in humans remains unknown. Objective: Our objective was to assess the associations between baseline serum irisin levels and MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD risk. Design, Setting, and Subjects: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional evaluation of baseline circulating levels of the novel hormone irisin and the established adipokine adiponectin with MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD risk in a sample of 151 subjects. Results: Baseline irisin levels were significantly higher in subjects with MetS than in subjects without MetS. Irisin was associated negatively with adiponectin (r = −0.4, P < .001) and positively with body mass index (r = 0.22, P = .008), systolic (r = 0.17, P = .04) and diastolic (r = 0.27, P = .001) blood pressure, fasting glucose (r = 0.25, P = .002), triglycerides (r = 0.25, P = .003), and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (r = 0.33, P < .001). After adjustment for potential confounders, including body mass index, subjects in the highest tertile of irisin levels were more likely to have MetS (odds ratio [OR] = 9.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.66–33.44), elevated fasting blood glucose (OR = 5.80, 95% CI = 1.72–19.60), high triglycerides (OR = 3.89, 95% CI = 1.16–13.03), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 3.30, 95% CI = 1.18–9.20). Irisin was independently associated with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance and general Framingham risk profile in multiple linear regression analyses after adjustment for confounders. Adiponectin demonstrated the expected associations with outcomes. Conclusions: Irisin is associated with increased risk of MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD in humans, indicating either increased secretion by adipose/muscle tissue and/or a compensatory increase of irisin to overcome an underlying irisin resistance in these subjects.

scholarly journals The role of multicomponent therapy in the metabolic syndrome, inflammation and cardiovascular risk in obese adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (12) ◽  
pp. 1920-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah C. L. Masquio ◽  
Aline de Piano ◽  
Raquel M. S. Campos ◽  
Priscila L. Sanches ◽  
June Carnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Pai 1

Obesity is characterised by low-grade inflammation, which increases the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular risks. The aim of the present study was to verify the role of multicomponent therapy in controlling the MetS, inflammation and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in obese adolescents. The second aim was to investigate the relationships between adipokines, the MetS parameters and cIMT. A total of sixty-nine obese adolescents participated in the present study and completed 1 year of multicomponent therapy (a combination of strategies involving nutrition, psychology, physical exercise and clinical therapy), and were divided according to their MetS diagnosis as follows: MetS (n 19); non-MetS (n 50). Blood analyses of glucose, lipid and adipokine concentrations (adiponectin, leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and C-reactive protein) were collected. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and homeostasis model assessment-adiponectin. cIMT and visceral and subcutaneous fat were estimated using ultrasonography. At baseline, the MetS group presented higher waist circumference, glucose and insulin levels, and systolic and median blood pressures compared with the non-MetS group. After therapy, both groups showed improvements in the anthropometric profile, body composition, insulin level, insulin resistance, insulin sensibility, TAG and VLDL-cholesterol, adiponectin, leptin and PAI-1 levels, blood pressure and cIMT. The prevalence of the MetS was reduced from 27·5 to 13·0 %. Metabolic syndrome patients showed resistance in the attenuation of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and leptin:adiponectin and adiponectin:leptin ratios. In the MetS group, the variation in the adiponectin:leptin ratio was correlated with variations in glucose, insulin sensibility, total cholesterol, LDL-c and systolic blood pressure. Additionally, the number of MetS parameters was correlated with the carotid measurement. Moreover, the variation in cIMT was correlated with the variations in insulin sensibility, total cholesterol and LDL-c. For the entire group, the number of MetS alterations was correlated with the leptin level and leptin:adiponectin ratio and adiponectin:leptin ratio after therapy. In conclusion, multicomponent therapy was effective in controlling the MetS, inflammation and cIMT in the obese adolescents. However, the MetS patients showed resistance in the attenuation of the atherogenic lipid profile and leptin:adiponectin ratio and adiponectin:leptin ratio. These results suggest that the MetS patients have increased cardiovascular risks, and that it is important to attempt to control the inflammatory process that occurs due to obesity in clinical practice in order to improve the health of adolescents.

scholarly journals Low-Grade Inflammation, Obesity, and Insulin Resistance in Adolescents

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 4569-4574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Herder ◽  
Sophie Schneitler ◽  
Wolfgang Rathmann ◽  
Burkhard Haastert ◽  
Heiko Schneitler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Abstract Context: Low-grade inflammation is associated with insulin resistance and precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults, but there are no comparable data in youth. Objective: The objective of the study was to characterize the pattern of subclinical immune activation that is associated with indices of obesity and insulin resistance in youth and analyze whether this association is explained by obesity. Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Setting: Medical check-up of schoolchildren was conducted by the Public Health Office in Düsseldorf (Germany). Participants: Participants included 519 adolescents (mean age 15.5 ± 0.8 yr). Main Outcome Measures: Measures included body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) as indices of obesity; fasting glucose, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; serum concentrations of TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interferon-γ-inducible protein (IP)-10 and adiponectin as immunological variables. Results: In age-, sex-, and lipid-adjusted analyses, IL-6, IL-18, IP-10, and adiponectin (inversely) were associated with both BMI and WC (all P ≤ 0.002). None of the immune markers was related to glucose, but IL-6, IL-18, and adiponectin (inversely) were associated with insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in age- and sex-adjusted models. Adjustment for BMI or WC indicated that a considerable proportion of these associations may be mediated by obesity. Conclusions: We found that a differential low-grade immune activation is associated with parameters of obesity in adolescents. Moreover, there is evidence that IL-6, IL-18, IP-10, and adiponectin (inversely) are associated with insulin resistance and that these associations can mainly be attributed to obesity.

Regulation of adipokine secretion byn-3 fatty acids

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
María J. Moreno-Aliaga ◽  
Silvia Lorente-Cebrián ◽  
J. Alfredo Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Obesity leads to several chronic morbidities including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, atherosclerosis and hypertension, which are major components of the metabolic syndrome. White adipose tissue (WAT) metabolism and WAT-derived factors (fatty acids and adipokines) play an important role in the development of these metabolic disturbances. In fact, dysregulated adipokine secretion from the expanded WAT of obese individuals contributes to the development of systemic low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Then-3 PUFA EPA and DHA have been widely reported to have protective effects in a range of chronic inflammatory conditions including obesity. In fact,n-3 PUFA have been shown to ameliorate low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue associated with obesity and up-regulate mitochondrial biogenesis and induce beta-oxidation in WAT in mice. Moreover, the ability ofn-3 PUFA to regulate adipokine gene expression and secretion has been observed bothin vitroandin vivoin rodents and human subjects. The present article reviews: (1) the physiological role of adiponectin, leptin and pre-B cell colony-enhancer factor/visfatin, three adipokines with immune-modulatory properties involved in the regulation of metabolism and insulin sensitivity and (2) the actions ofn-3 PUFA on these adipokines focusing on the underlying mechanisms and the potential relationship with the beneficial effects of these fatty acids on obesity-associated metabolic disorders. It can be concluded that the ability ofn-3 PUFA to improve obesity and insulin resistance conditions partially results from the modulation of WAT metabolism and the secretion of bioactive adipokines including leptin, adiponectin and visfatin.

scholarly journals Adipose tissue at the crossroads in the development of the metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Léo Wajchenberg ◽  
Marcia Nery ◽  
Maria Rosaria Cunha ◽  
Maria Elizabeth Rossi da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Adipose Tissue Depot

The authors analyze insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome and endothelial dysfunction as consequence of a common antecedent, a low grade inflammation, indicating that in obesity there is a chronically activated inflammatory state of the adipose tissue. Furthermore, the inflammatory signaling is discussed according to the adipose tissue depot, visceral or subcutaneous.

scholarly journals The Metabolic Syndrome: Emerging Novel Insights Regarding the Relationship between the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance and other Key Predictive Markers in Young Adults of Western Algeria

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 727
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ilyes Belhayara ◽  
Zoheir Mellouk ◽  
Mohammed Seddik Hamdaoui ◽  
Malika Bachaoui ◽  
Omar Kheroua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Insulinogenic Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Altered Glucose ◽  
Glucose Ratio ◽  
Western Algeria

Several biological markers have been identified as risk factors for cardiovascular disease and are associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study provides a factual information on promising biomarkers that are associated with MetS and can aid in early detection and management of MetS in young adults of Western Algeria. We studied a total of one hundred subjects aged between thirty and forty years with MetS, in which anthropometric measurements, insulin resistance, C peptide and HbA1c, lipid profile, circulating adipokines and glucagon-like peptide-1 were measured by suitable methods, in comparison to two groups of control. MetS is closely linked to altered glucose homeostasis, the plasma insulin/glucose ratio; i.e., the insulinogenic index helps to estimate the level of insulin secretion and also for assessing β-cell function. The correlation between homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and HbA1c, body mass index or plasma triglycerides yielded positive and significant values. Biomarkers with a known and predictable association with MetS can provide a means to detect those at risk and intervene as needed. This could significantly decrease the burden complications impose on patients and the healthcare system.

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