Role of adiposity in systemic response to 60 h fasting and 48 h refeeding in women

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. S584
Author(s):  
V. Šebo ◽  
E. Krauzová ◽  
M. Šiklová ◽  
Z. Varaliova ◽  
J. Gojda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Response

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pathogenesis: From Molecular Pathway to Vaccine Administration

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 903
Author(s):  
Francesco Nappi ◽  
Adelaide Iervolino ◽  
Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Systemic Response ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Thrombotic Risk ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multiple Variants ◽  
Roll Out

The Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a global pandemic that has affected millions of people worldwide. The advent of vaccines has permitted some restitution. Aside from the respiratory complications of the infection, there is also a thrombotic risk attributed to both the disease and the vaccine. There are no reliable data for the risk of thromboembolism in SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients managed out of the hospital setting. A literature review was performed to identify the pathophysiological mechanism of thrombosis from the SARS-CoV-2 infection including the role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme receptors. The impact of the vaccine and likely mechanisms of thrombosis following vaccination were also clarified. Finally, the utility of the vaccines available against the multiple variants is also highlighted. The systemic response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is still relatively poorly understood, but several risk factors have been identified. The roll-out of the vaccines worldwide has also allowed the lifting of lockdown measures and a reduction in the spread of the disease. The experience of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, has highlighted the crucial role of epidemiological research and the need for ongoing studies within this field.

scholarly journals The Role of December 1, 1991 Referendum in the Formation of the Political System of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 184-195
Author(s):  
Dmytro Filipenko
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
External Environment ◽  
The Political ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Systemic Response ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Further Development

As the practice of referendum has considerable potential for legitimizing power, it is an integral part of the functioning of many political systems. This article applies a systematic approach in order to analyze this practice comprehensively and to examine the referendum processes in their integrity and interconnection. The formation of a new political system is considered as a synthesis of two components: the internal self-awareness of the identity of the political system itself and its separation from the external environment, the recognition of the system as the environment. The author of the article (using D. Eastonʼs reasoning) interprets it as the whole divided into two parts: internal – in society, and external – between the political system and other political systems (societies): the intra-society and extra-society external environment of the political system. These components (self-awareness and outward recognition) are shown to be crucial in the process of the development of the political system in the independent Ukraine. This is confirmed by the December 1, 1991 Referendum. The author analyzes the role of the aforementioned referendum in the formation of Ukraineʼs political system in the context of a systematic approach. He argues that the referendum was initiated due to a number of intra-society and extra-society requirements. Holding a referendum in support of independence became a comprehensive systemic response to systemic challenges and allowed to solve a whole set of problems of existence and further development of a political system of the independent Ukraine. Keywords: referendum on independence, political system of Ukraine, systemic approach, collapse of the USSR.

Cytokines in disease

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1269-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
J T Whicher ◽  
S W Evans
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Systemic Response ◽  
Therapeutic Applications ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Recombinant Dna Techniques

Abstract Cytokines are peptides used by immune and inflammatory cells to communicate with each other and to control the milieu interieur in which they operate. Recent evidence suggests that they are of immense importance in controlling the local and systemic events of the immune response, inflammation, hemopoiesis, healing, and the systemic response to injury. Many of them can now be measured by immunoassay, and the role of such measurements in the diagnosis and management of disease is actively under investigation. Similarly, the availability of recombinant DNA techniques to produce cytokines in almost unlimited quantities is leading to new and exciting therapeutic applications.

scholarly journals A Critical Role of Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 and 5 (FABP4/5) in the Systemic Response to Fasting

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e79386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mas Rizky A. A. Syamsunarno ◽  
Tatsuya Iso ◽  
Hirofumi Hanaoka ◽  
Aiko Yamaguchi ◽  
Masaru Obokata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Systemic Response ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acid Binding Protein

scholarly journals Role of nitric oxide and angiotensin II in diabetes mellitus-induced glomerular hyperfiltration.

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
K M Mathis ◽  
R O Banks
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Systemic Response ◽  
Vasoactive Factors ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Intact Rats

The goal of this study was to determine what extent nitric oxide (NO) and/or angiotensin II (AngII) are involved in the hyperfiltration observed in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Studies were performed on anesthetized rats 7 to 10 days after the induction of diabetes. Nitro-L-arginine (LNA) was used to inhibit NO synthesis, and losartan was used to block AngII receptors. Three protocols were utilized: (i) control and diabetic rats treated with a constant infusion of LNA; (ii) control and diabetic rats treated first with a constant infusion of losartan and then LNA plus losartan; and (iii) nephrectomized control and diabetic rats treated with LNA (to evaluate the involvement of renal vasoactive factors other than AngII in the systemic response to LNA). Compared with controls, diabetics had a significantly elevated baseline GFR but the same mean arterial pressure (MAP). In Protocol i, LNA caused the same increase in MAP in both groups but only decreased the GFR in controls. In Protocol ii, losartan caused a significant increase in the GFR only in controls. The coinfusion of LNA and losartan caused no change in the GFR in controls but induced a large GFR decrease in diabetics. Losartan had no effect on MAP in either group and did not affect the LNA-induced increase in MAP in either group. The LNA-induced increase in MAP was greater in nephrectomized rats compared with that in intact rats. These data indicate that (1) neither changes in the synthesis of NO nor changes in the actions of AngII, alone, are responsible for the hyperfiltration observed in streptozotocin-induced diabetes; (2) a combined alteration in these two systems may account for diabetes-induced hyperfiltration; (3) the LNA-induced decrease in GFR in control but not in diabetic rats is an AngII-mediated event; and (4) AngII is not involved in the LNA-induced increase in MAP in either control or diabetic rats but other renal factors cannot be ruled out in this response.

scholarly journals Chronic lower limb wounds evoke systemic response of the lymphatic (immune) system

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (02) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Olszewski ◽  
P. Jain ◽  
M. Zaleska ◽  
E. Stelmach ◽  
E. Swoboda
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Immune Reaction ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Systemic Response ◽  
Pertinent Literature ◽  
Wound Site ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Lymph Node Cells

ABSTRACTWound healing should not be considered as a process limited only to the damaged tissues. It is always accompanied by an intensive local immune response and in advanced stages, the systemic lymphatic (immune) structure. In this review we present evidence from our own studies as well as pertinent literature on the role of skin and subcutaneous tissue lymphatics at the wound site and of transport of antigens along with collecting afferent lymphatics to the lymph nodes. We also speculate the role of lymph nodes in raising cohorts of bacterial and own tissue antigen-specific lymphocytes and their participation in healing and not infrequently evoking uncontrolled chronic immune reaction causing a delay of healing. It is also speculated as to why there is a rapid response of lymph node cells to microbial antigens and tolerance to damaged-tissue-derived antigens occurs

scholarly journals Erratum to: The role of PPAR activation during the systemic response to brain injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Losey ◽  
Emma Ladds ◽  
Maud Laprais ◽  
Borna Guevel ◽  
Laura Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Systemic Response

scholarly journals At the Root of Nodule Organogenesis: Conserved Regulatory Pathways Recruited by Rhizobia

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2654
Author(s):  
Maria Lebedeva ◽  
Mahboobeh Azarakhsh ◽  
Darina Sadikova ◽  
Lyudmila Lutova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Nodule Development ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrogen ◽  
Systemic Response ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Lateral Root Development ◽  
Regulatory Modules ◽  
Perfect Model ◽  
Symbiotic Nodule

The interaction between legume plants and soil bacteria rhizobia results in the formation of new organs on the plant roots, symbiotic nodules, where rhizobia fix atmospheric nitrogen. Symbiotic nodules represent a perfect model to trace how the pre-existing regulatory pathways have been recruited and modified to control the development of evolutionary “new” organs. In particular, genes involved in the early stages of lateral root development have been co-opted to regulate nodule development. Other regulatory pathways, including the players of the KNOX-cytokinin module, the homologues of the miR172-AP2 module, and the players of the systemic response to nutrient availability, have also been recruited to a unique regulatory program effectively governing symbiotic nodule development. The role of the NIN transcription factor in the recruitment of such regulatory modules to nodulation is discussed in more details.

scholarly journals The role of PPAR activation during the systemic response to brain injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Losey ◽  
Emma Ladds ◽  
Maud Laprais ◽  
Borna Geuvel ◽  
Laura Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Systemic Response
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