Psychics, aliens, or experience? Using the Anomalistic Belief Scale to examine the relationship between type of belief and probabilistic reasoning

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 151-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Prike ◽  
Michelle M. Arnold ◽  
Paul Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Reasoning ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Relationship between Paranormal Belief and the hexaco Domains of Personality

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-238
Author(s):  
Emyr Williams ◽  
Ben L.H. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
Paranormal Belief ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
The Relationship

Thehexaco-pi-r(Ashton & Lee, 2007) has been presented as an alternative measure of the Five Factor Model, with the inclusion of the dimension of honesty/humility. This new measure of personality was utilised alongside the Revised Paranormal Belief Scale (rpbs) in a correlational design among 137 undergraduate students in Wales. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that superstition was significantly negatively correlated with conscientiousness and openness to experience, while precognition was significantly negatively correlated with honesty/humility. No other personality factors were statistically significant predictors of any dimensions of paranormal belief. While these results do not provide strong support for previous findings, it is concluded that the inclusion of the honesty/humility dimension renders thehexaco-pi-ra useful measure for considering relationships between personality and paranormal belief.

Premenstrual Symptoms: The Role of Irrational Thinking

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Lindner ◽  
Robert J. Kirkby
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Premenstrual Symptoms ◽  
General Attitude ◽  
Irrational Thinking ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
Menstrual Distress ◽  
The Relationship

104 women, between the ages of 18 and 45 years, were surveyed to investigate the relationship between premenstrual symptomatology, as measured by the Modified Menstrual Distress Questionnaire, and irrational thinking, as measured by the General Attitude and Belief Scale. The women who reported greater premenstrual symptomatology also reported significantly higher scores in the “need for comfort” irrationality subscale. This indicated that these women had particular difficulty dealing with hassles and the resulting feelings of tension and irritability in the premenstruum. It was suggested that the absence of significant effects for other rationality-irrationality subscales could be associated with testing at different times during the menstrual cycle. Irrationality, like other conditions (such as anxiety and depression) prevalent in the premenstruum, could change in intensity across phases of the menstrual cycle.

scholarly journals A VALLÁSOS ATTITŰDÖK KLASSZIFIKÁCIÓJA AZ ÉRTELEMMEGÉLÉS ÉS AZ ASPIRÁCIÓK TÜKRÉBEN

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-192
Author(s):  
Gergely Bence ◽  
Zábó Virág ◽  
Martos Tamás ◽  
Vargha András
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Cluster Solution ◽  
Centroid Method ◽  
Religious Attitudes ◽  
External Variables ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Classic Pattern ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Relationship

Háttér és célkitűzésekA wulffi elméletet alapul vevő Kritika Utáni Vallásosság skála két dimenzión alapuló kiértékelése (Martos, Kézdy, Robu, Urbán és Horváth-Szabó, 2009) lehetőséget nyújt egy újfajta vallásosságtipológia létrehozására. Kutatásunk célja az volt, hogy a vallás iránti attitűdöket személyorientált statisztikai eljárások segítségével vizsgáljuk annak érdekében, hogy a valláshoz való személyes viszonyulás differenciáltabb típusait tárjuk fel.MódszerHierarchikus agglomeratív és k-központú klaszteranalízist végeztünk el egy 1417 fős és egy 506 fős mintán, majd megbízhatóságát centroid módszerrel és egy újfajta validálási eljárással ellenőriztük (vö. Vargha, Bergman és Takács, 2016), majd a létrejövő klaszterstruktúrákat vizsgáltuk az értelemmegélés és értelemkeresés, valamint az aspirációk tükrében.EredményekAz eredmények szerint azonosítható egy megbízható 7 klaszteres struktúra. A feltárt klasz- terek között megjelent a szakirodalom által sugallt klasszikus négy attitűddel közel azonos mintázat (Ortodoxia, Külső Kritika, Relativizmus, Második Naivitás). Három további típus kimutatása hozzájárult ahhoz, hogy a vallás iránti egyéni viszonyulásokról árnyaltabb képet tárjunk fel.KövetkeztetésekAz Ortodoxia és a Második Naivitás csoportba tartozók kedvezőbb, a Külső Kritika csoportjába tartozók kedvezőtlenebb pontszámot érnek el az értelemmegélés és -keresés, illetve az aspirációk tekintetében. A transzcendencia befogadása az értelmesség megélésének pozitív előrejezője.Based on Wulffs theorem the two dimensional evaluation of the Post Critical belief scale presents a valuable opportunity to create a typology of religious attitudes. The main goal of the research was to explore different types of attitudes towards religiosity in a person-oriented framework. We performed a hierarchical agglomerative and k-means cluster analysis in two distinct samples (one with 1417 and one with 506 participants), and verified the results with centroid-method and a new validation process (Vargha, Bergman & Takács, 2016). Furthermore we examined the relationship between the given cluster structures and the presence of/ searching for meaning in life, and the intrinsic/extrinsic aspirations. The results show that there is a reliable underlying 7-cluster solution in both samples. The explored cluster structures include the classic pattern of religious attitudes (Orthodoxy, External Critique, Relativism, Second Naivité), moreover it expands the model with three additional types. The members of the Orthodoxy and Second Naivité clusters had higher scores, while the External Critique group had lower scores in the given external variables. The inclusion of transcendence is in a positive relationship with presence of meaning in life.

scholarly journals The Influence of Social Anxiety on Mobile Phone Addiction: The Buff-er Effect of Belief in a Fair World

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuyang Lv
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Just World ◽  
Just World Belief ◽  
Mobile Phone Addiction ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Using the Mobile Phone Addiction Scale, Social Anxiety Scale and Justice World Belief Scale, this paper investigated 647 college students in a university in Hubei Province, and investigated the influence of social anxiety of college students on mobile phone addiction and the moderating effect of justice world belief in it. The results show that: (1) there is a significant positive correlation between social anxiety and cell phone addiction among college students; (2) just world belief plays a regulating role in the relationship between social anxiety and cell phone addiction. with the improvement of just world belief, the relationship between social anxiety and cell phone addiction gradually weakens and eventually disappears.</p>

The Risks of Political Authority

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily C. Nacol
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Reasoning ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
The State ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Cognitive Tools ◽  
Central State ◽  
Risk Calculation ◽  
The Face ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explains how John Locke's work on epistemology, politics, and economy can be read as a sustained meditation on the relationship of risk and trust. The extensive literature on trust and authority in Locke's work establishes that he thinks citizens' trust in the state helps them organize and survive in the face of uncertainty, as well as manage the risks they might find in the future. This chapter argues that Lockean political trust is actually more closely related to risk than it appears at first glance. Political trust, Locke theorizes, is actually underwritten by the perpetual work of risk calculation and probabilistic reasoning by citizens. His work shows that if a strong central state is the institution that manages political and economic risk for subjects, then those subjects still must scrutinize the state as a new risk, using whatever cognitive tools they have at their disposal.

Narcissism and Belief in the Paranormal

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris A. Roe ◽  
Claire L. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Life After Death ◽  
Paranormal Belief ◽  
Narcissistic Personality ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Australian Sheep ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

The present study was designed to assess whether the relationship between narcissistic personality and paranormal belief identified by Tobacyk and Mitchell earlier could be replicated with a general population and to see whether the effect could be found with a narrower definition of paranormal beliefs that focuses only on belief in psychic phenomena. 75 participants completed the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and two measures of paranormal belief, the Paranormal Belief Scale and the Australian Sheep–Goat Scale. There was no correlation between narcissism and Paranormal Belief Scale scores, but narcissism and Australian Sheep–Goat Scale scores were significantly positively correlated. Of the three subscales to the Australian Sheep–Goat measure, scores for narcissism correlated with belief in ESP and PK but not in Life after death. These relationships were interpreted in terms of need for control.

scholarly journals The relationship between teachers’ educational beliefs and their perceptions of multicultural competence

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yücel Öksüz ◽  
Melek Baba Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Multicultural Competence ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Educational Beliefs ◽  
Screening Model ◽  
Model Research ◽  
Research Population ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Academic Year

AbstractThe basic aim of this research is to determine teachers’ educational beliefs and their perceptions of multicultural competence. Also, it was investigated whether teachers’ educational beliefs and their perceptions of multicultural competence varied depending on some variables such as gender, department and professional seniority. Research was conducted in relational screening model. Research population was comprised of teachers who work at publich school in Atakum district in 2015-2016 academic year. Data were collected via “Perceptions of Multicultural Competence Scale” which was developed by Başbay and Kağnıcı (2011), “Educational Belief Scale” developed by Yılmaz, Altınkurt and Çokluk (2011) and “Personal Information Form” developed by the researchers. A statistical software package was used for the analysis of the data. The analysis of datas were used to descriptive statistics as mean, standart deviation, frequency, percentage as well as Mann-Whitney U and Spearman-Brown correlation coefficient. The results of research were revealed a significant correlation between teachers’ educational beliefs and their perceptions of multicultural competence. The obtained results were discussed in the light of literature and given some suggestions.Keywords: Belief, educational beliefs, multicultural education, multicultural competence, teacher.

Reconsidering the Relationship between Parenting and Religiosity

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Duriez ◽  
Bart Soenens
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This study examined the relation between religiosity and parenting. 311 parents from the Flemish-speaking part of Belgium completed the Post-critical Belief Scale and reported on their style of parenting. Scores for religiosity (as measured by the Exclusion vs Inclusion of Transcendence dimension) were not significantly correlated with parenting styles. In contrast, the way in which religious contents are processed (as measured by the Literal vs Symbolic dimension) was significantly correlated with dimensions of parenting style.

Investigation of the Relationships Between Paranormal Beliefs, Parental Bonding, and Adult Attachment of University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-290
Author(s):  
Saban Karayagiz ◽  
Timucin Aktan
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Parental Attachment ◽  
Parental Bonding ◽  
Paranormal Belief ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
The Relationship

Paranormal beliefs are of interest for the college students especially studying psychology and philosophy. In addition, attitudes such as parental bonding and adult attachment affect levels of paranormal beliefs. Exploring the relationships among these principal themes is of great importance in illuminating possible effects of students’ attachments and bonding toward the development of paranormal beliefs. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship among students’ parental attachment, relationship attitude, and paranormal beliefs; 239 university students responded to the items in three separate questionnaires, the Paranormal Belief Scale, parental bonding, and adult attachment survey. The research findings showed that a significant relationship exists between paranormal beliefs and attachment attitudes in the favor of females. In terms of the relationship between paranormal beliefs and adult attachment, the results also revealed that they have akin relationships between adult attachment and parental bonding. Although adult relationships affect paranormal beliefs, no significant correlation was found among three areas possible because the effect of parental bonding is limited in the long term.

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