Data on inflammatory cytokines and pathways involved in clearance of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae from the lungs during cigarette smoking and vitamin D deficiency

Background: The exact pathogenic mechanism of the painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is poorly understood. Our study aimed to evaluate the association amongst vitamin D status, inflammatory cytokines, and painful DPN.Methods: A total of 483 patients were divided into three groups, i.e., diabetes without DPN (no-DPN, n = 86), diabetes with painless DPN (painless DPN, n = 176) and diabetes with painful DPN (painful DPN, n = 221) groups. Basic information and laboratory results were collected. The concentrations of vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were also measured.Results: The prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency (<10 ng/mL) was more common in the painful DPN group than in the painless DPN and no-DPN groups (25.8,12.5, and 8.1%, respectively, P < 0.01). Cases in the painful DPN group had significantly higher concentrations of IL-6 (P < 0.01) and TNF-α (P < 0.01) than those in the two other groups. The multivariate logistic analysis showed that severe vitamin D deficiency, IL-6, and TNF-α were independent risks for painful DPN after adjusting for confounding factors. Furthermore, the vitamin D status had significantly negative correlations with IL-6 (r = −0.56, P < 0.01) and TNF-α (r = −0.47, P < 0.01) levels.Conclusion: Severe vitamin D deficiency was an independent risk factor for the painful DPN. Severe vitamin D deficiency status may play a role in the painful DPN pathogenesis through elevated IL-6 and TNF-α levels.

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PREVALENCE OF RISK FACTORS FOR OSTEOPOROSIS AMONG FEMALES AGED 35 YEARS AND ABOVE IN SAUDI ARABIA

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/12262 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1120-1126

Author(s):

Manal Abdulaziz Murad ◽

◽

Ashraf A. Amir ◽

Hoda Jehad Abousada ◽

Hussam Mahmoud Baeissa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Sample Size ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Relative Contribution

Osteoporosis is a common public health challenge globally but the relative contribution of variousrisk factors for osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia is not well established. We conducted this study to determine the prevalence of risk factors for osteoporosis among females aged 35 years and above in Saudi Arabia. We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample size of 2070 and determined the prevalence of risk factors as percentages of the total sample size. We foundthat vitamin D deficiency is the major modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia followed by cigarette smoking. Autoimmune and endocrine diseases were also not uncommon. Our results therefore suggest for the strengthening of measures to prevent vitamin D deficiency, reduce corticosteroid-related osteoporosis and curb cigarette smoking.

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Vitamin D and new insights into pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation ◽

10.1515/hmbci-2020-0055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Karel Vondra ◽

Richard Hampl

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Low Grade ◽

Peripheral Tissues ◽

Functional Inactivation

Abstract Deficiency in vitamin D plays a role in the onset and development of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). A normal level of vitamin D is able to reduce low grade inflammation, which is a major process in inducing insulin resistance. It is also engaged in maintaining low resting levels of reactive species and radicals, normal Ca2+ signaling, a low expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines but increased formation of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Vitamin D is also able to prevent hypermethylation (of DNA) and consequent functional inactivation of many genes, as well as other epigenetic alterations in β cells and in other insulin-sensitive peripheral tissues, mainly liver, adipose tissue and muscle. Vitamin D deficiency thus belongs to key factors accelerating the development of IR and consequently T2DM as well. However, vitamin D supplementation aimed at the control of glucose homeostasis in humans showed controversial effects. As a result, further studies are running to gain more detailed data needed for the full clinical utilization of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention and treatment of T2DM. Until new results are published, supplementation with high doses of vitamin D deficiency is not recommended. However, prevention of vitamin D deficiency and its correction are highly desired.

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Vitamin D deficiency impairs quadriceps strength without modulating inflammatory cytokines in patients with knee osteoarthritis (1041.2)

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.1041.2 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Tyler Barker ◽

Vanessa Henriksen ◽

Victoria Rogers ◽

Dale Aguirre ◽

Roy Trawick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Quadriceps Strength

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Airway infection with Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is more rapidly eradicated in vitamin D deficient mice

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.10.021 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 187 ◽

pp. 42-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jef Serré ◽

Carolien Mathyssen ◽

Tom Tanjeko Ajime ◽

Hannelie Korf ◽

Karen Maes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Nontypeable Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Airway Infection ◽

Deficient Mice

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Association between insulin resistance and inflammatory cytokines among obese Saudi type 2 diabetic with vitamin D deficiency

Electronic Journal of General Medicine ◽

10.29333/ejgm/81757 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Fadwa M. Al-Sharif

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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Prophylactic and Therapeutic Role of Vitamin D Supplementation in COVID-19: A Review

European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.4.943 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 18-26

Author(s):

Mehrie Harshad Patel ◽

Sakshi Mishra ◽

Ketul S. Barot ◽

Saloni H. Naik ◽

Angelina Browne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Immune Response ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Adaptive Immune Response ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Therapeutic Role ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Tract Infections

Looking at the current scenario of the global pandemic with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the dramatic rise of variant COVID-19 cases it is reasonable to reason that one’s immunity (innate, adaptive, or passive) plays a vital role in an individual’s susceptibility as well as the severity. While the population is getting passively immunized with vaccination, the innate and adaptive immune response should also be emphasized. Vitamins and minerals play an important role in developing and modulating the immune response in the human body. Of which, one is, Vitamin D. Besides playing a major role in Calcium metabolism, Vitamin D is involved in modulating various immune system pathways to contain the virus, which includes dampening Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) entry and replication, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines, increasing the synthesis of a natural antimicrobial peptide, and activating protective cells such as macrophages that can kill SARS-CoV-2. Vitamin D also possesses a neuroprotective property that is linked to the modulation of neurotrophins. In the current situation of the pandemic, an important connection between Vitamin D deficiency and poor health outcomes in COVID-19 patients have been reported. Furthermore, adequate Vitamin D levels were linked to a lower risk of unconsciousness and hypoxia. Vitamin D deficiency affects over half of the world's population. A low serum concentration of Vitamin D is a risk factor for acute respiratory tract infection. Vitamin D supplementation, on the other hand, is linked to a reduced risk of acute respiratory tract infections. Here, we conducted a literature review of publicly available information to summarize the link between Vitamin D levels and the severity of COVID-19 infection. The main objective of this manuscript is to review and provide information reported by published literature from publically available papers on online databases regarding the significance of Vitamin D in immune response and its prophylactic and therapeutic role in the management of COVID-19.

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Association of Vitamin D Deficiency and Inflammatory Cytokines with the Clinicopathological Features of Breast Cancer in Female Saudi Patients

10.21203/rs.3.rs-262782/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amal F. Gharib ◽

Ahmad El Askary ◽

Mazen Almehmadi ◽

Wael H. Elsawy ◽

Hatem H. Allam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Axillary Lymph ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Saudi Patients

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is considered to be the most common leading cause of cancer related death among women in Saudi Arabia. Many researches supposed a strong correlation between vitamin D and different types of cancer. Patients and methods: We aimed to study the implication of serum vitamin D, calcium, interleukin 6 (IL6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and chemerin on progression of breast cancer. One hundred female Saudi patients were included in the current research and we assessed their serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, IL-6, TNF-α and chemerin. Results: vitamin D was significantly decreased in tumors with high grade (P < 0.0001), patients with obesity (P = 0.013), negative estrogen receptors (ER) (P < 0.0001), negative progesterone receptors (PR) (P < 0.0001) and positive HER2 receptors (P < 0.0001). It was also decreased in large tumors (P < 0.0001), patients with axillary lymph node involvement (P < 0.0001) and in the patients with advanced clinical stage (P < 0.0001). Moreover, higher levels of serum IL-6, TNF-α, chemerin were significantly related to breast cancer and its advanced stages. Conclusion: vitamin D deficiency and elevated inflammatory cytokines (IL6, TNF-α and chemerin) are associated with breast cancer progression in female Saudi patients.

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The Effect of Three-Month Vitamin D Supplementation on the Levels of Homocysteine Metabolism Markers and Inflammatory Cytokines in Sera of Psoriatic Patients

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11121865 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 1865

Author(s):

Alma Prtina ◽

Nela Rašeta Simović ◽

Tatjana Milivojac ◽

Milorad Vujnić ◽

Milkica Grabež ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Severity Index ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Psoriasis Area Severity Index ◽

Pasi Score ◽

High Doses

Psoriasis is an autoimmune and inflammatory skin disease. Psoriatic patients express higher levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentration and pro-inflammatory mediators than healthy people; this is frequently associated with vitamin D deficiency. The aim of this clinical study was to investigate the effects of high doses of vitamin D supplementation on the parameters of Hcy metabolism and cytokines in sera of psoriatic patients. This prospective study was conducted on 40 psoriatic patients who had the vitamin D deficiency. All patients received vitamin D 5000 IU/day for three months. Clinical and biochemical measurements were taken at baseline and at follow up (3 months). The results showed that the severity of clinical features, measured by the psoriasis area severity index (PASI) score, were considerably improved in patients after vitamin D supplementation. After vitamin D supplementation, most of the patients (n = 25 or 62.5%) had mild clinical form (p < 0.001). After twelve weeks of intervention period, there were significant increases in vitamin D and B12 serum levels in comparison to the levels that had been measured at the beginning of the study (56.77 ± 14.66 nmol/L and 301.08 ± 95.02 pg/mL vs. 103.85 ± 32.20 nmol/L and 362.81 ± 118.56 pg/mL, respectively; p < 0.001). Moreover, serum levels of Hcy and folate were significantly lower at the end of the study in comparison with the initial levels (12.45 ± 1.92 µmol/L and 8.01 ± 3.88 mg/mL vs. 10.38 ± 1.66 µmol/L and 6.27 ± 2.60 mg/mL, respectively). High doses of vitamin D supplementation led to a significant decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-ɤ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-17) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), whereas the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-5) was up-regulated. In conclusion, supplementation with high doses of vitamin D could be one of the possible preventive and therapeutic measures to reduce systemic inflammation in psoriatic patients.

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