Systolic and Diastolic Time Intervals Measured from Doppler Tissue Imaging: Normal Values and Z-score Tables, and Effects of Age, Heart Rate, and Body Surface Area

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Cui ◽  
David A. Roberson ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Luisa F. Madronero ◽  
Bettina F. Cuneo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Tissue Imaging ◽  
Doppler Tissue Imaging ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Diastolic Time

MAXIMUM BREATHING CAPACITY AND VITAL CAPACITY OF MALE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-670
Author(s):  
B. G. FERRIS ◽  
J. L. WHITTENBERGER ◽  
J. R. GALLAGHER
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Single Attribute ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The Individual

Expected mean values and a range of normal values (plus or minus two standard deviations) are presented for the vital capacity and the maximum breathing capacity of male children and adolescents. It is recommended that calculations of the above values be based upon four attributes (age, height, weight, and body surface area) rather than upon a prediction deriving from a single attribute (especially in the individual who does not have a standard height and weight for his age).

scholarly journals P1766 Comparison of left ventricular stroke volume in healthy adults among regions around the world: results from the World Alliance of Societies of Echocardiography (WASE) Normal Values Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Miyoshi ◽  
K Addetia ◽  
A Blitz ◽  
R Lang ◽  
F Asch
Keyword(s):  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
The World ◽  
American Society

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements WASE Normal Values Study is sponsored by American Society Echocardiography Foundation. OnBehalf the WASE Investigators Background The American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) chamber quantification guidelines provide normal reference values for a variety of size and function parameters. While used worldwide, these were predominantly obtained from American and European Caucasian populations and may not represent individuals from other regions around the world. Accordingly, ASE in collaboration with its International Alliance Partners conducted the World Alliance of Societies of Echocardiography (WASE) Normal Values Study to establish and compare normal echocardiographic values across races, ethnicities and countries worldwide. While most previous studies focused on left ventricular (LV) size and ejection fraction, LV stroke volume (SV) in healthy normal subjects has not been well defined. In this report, we aim to examine similarities and differences in normal LV SV indexed by body surface area (SVI) among regions around the world. Methods WASE Normal Values Study is a multinational, observational, cross-sectional study. Individuals free from known cardiac, lung and renal disease were prospectively enrolled with even distribution among age groups and gender. Echocardiographic images were acquired following a standardized protocol. LV SV was assessed by Doppler-derived (LVOT diameter and VTI) and two-dimensional (2D) biplane Simpson’s methods. LV SVI was calculated to account for differences in body size. These measurements were analyzed (TOMTEC) in a single core laboratory following ASE/EACVI Guidelines. Results As of May 2019, LV SV has been analyzed in 1164 cases from 13 countries, representing 8 distinct regions worldwide. In this population, age, body surface area and 2D LV ejection fraction were 47 ± 17 years old (range 18-87 years old), 1.76 ± 0.22 m² (range 0.95-2.44 m²) and 63.2 ± 2.9 % (range 52.7-73.7 %), respectively. LV SV and SVI by Doppler were larger than those obtained by 2D method in all regions. LV SV and SVI in both methods had significant differences among regions (p< 0.0001, Kruskal-Wallis test). LV SV and SVI in South Asia (India) were smallest in both methods and were also significantly smaller than other Asian regions (Figure). North America and Europe had largest LV SV and SVI by Doppler method, while Oceania had largest values by 2D. Conclusions The WASE Normal Values Study shows geographical variability in LV SVI across continents and countries. This information should be considered when determining normative values for SV and SVI. Abstract P1766 Figure.

Shivering following cardiac surgery: predictive factors, consequences, and characteristics

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
SE Spaniol ◽  
EF Bond ◽  
GL Brengelmann ◽  
M Savage ◽  
RS Pozos
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Convenience Sample

BACKGROUND: Shivering is common after cardiac surgery and may evoke harmful hemodynamic changes. Neither those changes nor factors increasing probability of shivering are well defined. OBJECTIVES: (1) To identify factors linked with risk of shivering by comparing age, weight, body surface area, gender, intraoperative details, anesthetics, postoperative temperatures, hemodynamics, and therapeutics in shivering vs nonshivering patients. (2) To describe temperatures, hemodynamics, therapeutics, myocardial oxygen consumption correlates (rate-pressure product, heart rate, systemic vascular resistance) in shivering and nonshivering groups, and shivering and nonshivering periods. (3) To characterize the electromyogram to determine whether the tremor is cold-induced. METHODS: A descriptive design with a time series component was used to study a convenience sample of 10 shivering and 10 nonshivering adults for 4 hours during early recovery from cardiac surgery. Pulmonary artery and skin (facial, calf, trunk) temperature were measured every 60 seconds; heart rate and arterial pressure, every 15 minutes; cardiac output, 3 times. Electromyogram was recorded intermittently. Medications and treatments were noted. RESULTS: Lower skin temperature was significantly related to shivering risk. Heart rate was significantly higher initially in shiverers and remained higher by 13.6 beats per minute. Significantly more nitroprusside was used to control arterial pressure before than after shivering. No significant differences were noted between groups in core temperature, age, weight, body surface area, anesthesia type, intraoperative temperature; or surgery, circulatory bypass, or cardiac cross-clamp duration. The electromyogram pattern during shivering was typical of that produced by cold. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that true shivering occurs after cardiac surgery. Skin, but not core, temperature and elevated heart rate predict shivering. Shivering may be more likely in hemodynamically unstable patients.

Abdominal aortic size and volume by computed tomography angiography in population of Ukraine: Normal values by age, gender, and body surface area

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (C) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Andriy Nykonenko ◽  
Andrei Balyuta ◽  
Yevhen Haidarzhi ◽  
Yevgen Yermolayev ◽  
Ivan Pertsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Aortic Size

scholarly journals Contrast Volume for Preoperative CT Angiography of the Aorta Based on Patient Heart Rate and Body Surface Area: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Raymakers ◽  
Adriana Dubbeldam ◽  
Walter Coudyzer ◽  
Hilde Bosmans ◽  
Geert Maleux
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Contrast Volume ◽  
Preoperative Ct

Single-injection inulin clearance for routine measurement of glomerular filtration rate in cats

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Haller ◽  
K Rohner ◽  
W Müller ◽  
F Reutter ◽  
H Binder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Inulin Clearance ◽  
Attractive Alternative

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was determined in 53 cats using an inulin single-injection method. Thirty healthy young adult cats were used to establish normal values. The procedure was also used in 23 cats that were either older than 10 years or had borderline serum creatinine levels. The total clearance was calculated from the decay of the serum inulin concentration after injection of 3000 mg/m2body surface area using a two-compartment model. Concomitant inulin and iohexol clearance in nine cats showed excellent correlation between the two methods. Calculated normal values for GFR in 30 healthy cats were 35.9–58.5 (median 46.0) ml/min/m2or 2.07–3.69 (median 2.72) ml/min/kg. A few cats with normal creatinine or blood urea nitrogen levels were detected as having reduced GFR and therefore being in a state of early renal dysfunction. The study indicates that single-injection inulin clearance is a valuable tool for routine GFR measurement in cats. An ‘inulin excretion test’ using only one blood sample 3 h after the administration of 3000 mg/m2body surface area could prove an attractive alternative for the assessment of renal function in daily practice.

scholarly journals 104 Left ventricular stroke volume differences among echocardiographic methods in healthy adults from the World Alliance of Societies of Echocardiography (WASE) Normal Values Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Miyoshi ◽  
K Addetia ◽  
A Blitz ◽  
R Lang ◽  
F Asch
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Friedman Test ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Simpson's Rule

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements WASE Normal Values Study is sponsored by American Society Echocardiography Foundation. OnBehalf the WASE Investigators Background Left ventricular (LV) stroke volume (SV) can be determined by multiple ultrasound methods, including Doppler, two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography. However, how methods compare to each other is not well understood. In this report from the WASE study, we aim to examine and compare normal reference ranges for SV and SV index (SVI) obtained from healthy adults by Doppler, 2D Simpson’s and 3D methods. Methods WASE Normal Values Study is a multinational, observational, cross-sectional study. Individuals free from known cardiac, lung and renal disease were prospectively enrolled with even distribution among age groups and gender. Doppler, 2D and 3D datasets were acquired at the enrolling centers, following a standardized protocol. LV SV was measured by three methods: Doppler (LV outflow tract diameter and velocity time integral), 2D biplane Simpson’s rule and 3D volume method. SV was indexed by body surface area (SVI). All measurements were analyzed (TOMTEC) in two core laboratories (for 2D and 3D) following ASE Guidelines. Methods were compared by Friedman test and Bland-Altman analysis. Results As of May 2019, 646 cases have been analyzed in both 2D and 3D datasets. In this population, age was 45 ± 16 years old (range 18-85) and body surface area was 1.76 ± 0.22 m² (range 0.95-2.44). LV EF by 2D Simpson’s rule and 3D method were 63.2 ± 2.9 and 62.3 ± 5.0 %, respectively (p < 0.0001, Wilcoxon test). SVI by Doppler, 2D and 3D were 39.6 ± 7.6, 33.8 ± 6.5 and 41.0 ± 9.4 ml/m², respectively. There were significant differences between the three methods (p < 0.0001, Friedman test). 2D underestimated SVI compared to Doppler by 14.6% (mean of differences 5.8 ml/m², p < 0.0001) and 3D by 17.6% (7.2 ml/m², p < 0.001). The difference between Doppler and 3D was smaller (3.4% lower by Doppler) but still statistically significant (1.4 ml/m², p = 0.0008). The results are shown in the figure. Conclusions Comparing 3 modalities in a large population of healthy individuals, SV and SVI are underestimated by 2D Simpson’s method. Given the large differences, combining 2D and Doppler or 3D measurements for hemodynamic calculations (such as regurgitant volumes and fraction) should be done with caution. Abstract 104 Figure.

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