scholarly journals Post-anthesis accumulation and remobilization of dry matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in durum wheat as affected by soil type

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Masoni ◽  
Laura Ercoli ◽  
Marco Mariotti ◽  
Iduna Arduini
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

Initial and residual effects of superphosphate on a Townsville lucerne pasture in north-eastern Queensland

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (34) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
RK Jones
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Critical Values ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

The responses to superphosphate of a Townsville lucerne (Stylosanthes humils)-grass pasture on a solodic soil near Townsville, were measured for three years. An initial dressing of 784 lb an acre gave the highest yield of dry matter for the three years, but 336 lb an acre was almost as effective. Applying 336 lb in equal annual dressings of 112 lb an acre gave less total dry matter but slightly more nitrogen and phosphorus per acre than 336 lb initially. On this soil type superphosphate had a good residual effect. Pastures with initial dressings of 336 1b or more outyielded the controls in all years, and did not respond to maintenance dressings applied in the second and third years. Superphosphate increased the yields of phosphorus per acre by increasing the phosphorus contents of both Townsville lucerne and grass as well as the dry matter yields. It had little effect, however, on the nitrogen contents. The relation between the phosphorus content of the pasture and the yield of dry matter was examined and tentative critical values were established.

scholarly journals Remobilization of Dry Matter, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Durum Wheat as Affected by Genotype and Environment

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Pampana ◽  
Marco Mariotti ◽  
Laura Ercoli ◽  
Alessandro Masoni
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

Determination of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Partitioning within Components of the Biomass in a High Rate Algal Pond: Significance for the Coastal Environment of the Treated Effluent Discharge

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Cromar ◽  
N. J. Martin ◽  
N. Christofi ◽  
P. A. Read ◽  
H. J. Fallowfield
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Nutrient Input ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Algae And Bacteria

Two High-Rate Algal Ponds were operated over residence times of 4 and 6 days respectively, at three COD loading rates equivalent to 600, 350 and 100 kg ha−1d−1 from early September to late October 1991. Samples of pond N and P feed were analysed to obtain nutrient input values to the system. Pond filtrates were also analysed for soluble nutrients. The pond biomass was separated into constituent components of algae and bacteria. Following separation, the discrete fractions were analysed for dry matter, chlorophyll content, and paniculate carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen and phosphorus balances were then calculated which were used to partition the nutrients into soluble and paniculate phases, and to further separate the paniculate phase into algal and bacterial components. The partitioning of these nutrients, responsible for eutrophication, enables the calculation of removal rates of N and P from the pond systems and makes possible more effective strategies for the removal of the nutrient-rich biomass from receiving water bodies.

Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Water Contents During Grain Development and Maturation in Wheat

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 799 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Sofield ◽  
IF Wardlaw ◽  
LT Evans ◽  
SY Zee
Keyword(s):  
Grain Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Entry ◽  
Grain Development ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Steady Rate

Plants of five cultivars of wheat were grown under controlled-environmental conditions in order to analyse the effect of cultivar and of temperature and illuminance after anthesis on the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus by grains in relation to dry matter. The water relations of the grain during maturation were also examined, using calcium content as an index of water entry. The nitrogen and phosphorus contents of grains increased linearly throughout the grain growth period. The percentage of nitrogen and phosphorus in grains fell sharply during the first few days after anthesis but rose progressively thereafter. The higher the temperature, and the lower the illuminance, the higher was the percentage of nitrogen in the grain of all cultivars. Such conditions also reduce final grain size, but their effects on nitrogen concentration in the grain were apparent early in grain development. No evidence was found of a flush of nitrogen or phosphorus into the grain late in its development. Water entry into the grain continued at a steady rate until maximum grain dry weight was reached, then ceased suddenly. No evidence was found of an increased rate of water loss by the grain at that stage, and the rapid fall in water content at the cessation of grain growth may have been due to blockage of the chalazal zone of entry into the grain by the deposition of lipids. Accumulation of dry matter, nitrogen and phosphorus and entry of water into the grain all ceased at the time of lipid deposition in the chalazal zone.

Distribution of Biomass, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Other Nutrients in Banksia marginata and B. ornata Shoots of Different Ages After Fire.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 709 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Groves ◽  
PJ Hocking ◽  
A Mcmahon
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Western Victoria ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The heathland form of Banksia marginata Cav. regenerates rarely from seed but commonly by resprout- ing from buds on lateral roots, whereas Banksia ornata F. Muell. regenerates only from seed, usually released after fire. The two species co-occur in heath vegetation on nutrient-poor soils in south-eastern South Australia and western Victoria. Shoots were sampled from stands of B. marginata aged from 1 to 25 years and of B. ornata aged from 1 to 50+ years after fire in the Little Desert National Park, western Victoria. B. marginata, the resprouter, distributed a greater proportion of the total shoot dry matter and content of all nutrients to vegetative growth over its shorter life span than B. ornata, the non-sprouter. About 50% of the total phosphorus in B. ornata shoots at 50+ years was present in cones (including seeds) compared with only about 20% in B. marginata shoots at a comparable stage of senescence (25 years). This difference between the species was also true to a lesser degree for nitrogen. There were considerable differences between other nutrients in their distribution patterns in shoots. Nutrients could be grouped together on the basis of distribution in shoots more satisfactorily than on presumed physio- logical roles. Stems were major sites of nutrient accumulation in both species. The content of a particular nutrient in seeds as a proportion of the content in the living parts of the shoot ranged from 0.03% (Na, Mn) to 2.0% (P) in B. marginata, and from 0.3% (Na) to as high as 31% (P) in B. ornata. Concen- trations of all nutrients except sodium were much higher in seeds than in the woody cones or vegetative organs of both species; seeds of B. ornata were particularly rich in calcium and manganese. We conclude that the different patterns of distribution of biomass and nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, within shoots of the two species reflect their different regenerative modes after fire. Introduction Phosphorus and, to a lesser extent, nitrogen limit the growth of sclerophyllous shrubs on nutrient-poor soils in southern Australia

scholarly journals Contributions to the Knowledge of Synanthropic Flora from The Pitesti Area

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marin ANDREI ◽  
Marinela Roxana ROŞESCU
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Lactuca Serriola ◽  
Synanthropic Species ◽  
Species Characteristics ◽  
Erigeron Annuus

The research of the synanthropic plant species characteristics from the urban environment offers information about their relation with the anthropic environment, on one hand, and on the other hand, they can be used as indicators of the pollution level. The research was performed in the city of Pitesti from June 2008 to may 2009, to compile an inventory of the flora, to establish the biological and ecological spectrum, the phytogeographic elements and their economic importance. The fresh above ground phytomass of the synanthropic species from 22 sample locations, was determined. The dry matter, the total nitrogen and phosphorus content, for six species of the dominant synanthropic plants, were also determined. It was identified 214 species of 38 families. The biological and ecological spectra show the high percentages of hemicryptophytes (35%), eutrophic species (54%), xeromesophilous-mesophilous species (29%) as well as eurytherm (20%) and euryacide species. The phytogeographic spectrum shows a high number of species from Eurasia (96 species). From the total number of identified species, 54% are polyploid and 27% present economic importance. It was found that the phytomass from stationaries varies between 281.7 g m-2 and 21.5 g m-2, for a number of 35 species. The highest dry matter content (64.01%) was recorded in Conyza canadensis, the highest value of N (8,200 ppm) in Lactuca serriola and the highest total P content (301.5 ppm) in Erigeron annuus. The results enable us to estimate the value of the synanthropic plants as ecologic indicators in the Pitesti area.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MEADOW FOXTAIL

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 949-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. J. VAN ADRICHEM ◽  
J. N. TINGLE
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
N Application ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
P Content ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
N Rates

The effects of spring-applied nitrogen (0, 56, 112 and 224 kg/ha) and phosphorus (0 and 27.4 kg/ha) on the dry matter (DM) yield and forage quality of successive harvests of meadow foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis L.) were investigated. Nitrogen increased DM yield, crude protein, Cu, K and Zn contents and decreased P, Ca, Mg and Mn contents. Application of P in combination with N increased K content in the first cut and arrested the decline of P content due to N application in all cuts. The levels of dry matter digestibility and Cu declined in successive cuts whereas Mn content increased. At low N rates, Ca and Mg contents increased as the season advanced.

scholarly journals Growth and vegetative development of soybean plants in soil type Concrectionary Petric Plinthosol

2019 ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Marcio Nikkel ◽  
Saulo De Oliveira Lima
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Presence And Absence ◽  
Soybean Plants

The central-north of Brazil is a region with strong presence of concrectionary soil, whose supposed disadvantages from the agronomic point of view, do not prevent their use in agriculture. However, more in-depth information about the behavior of crops of agricultural interest cultivated in this type of soil is few. Due to the observation of agricultural stands in this type of soil, it was hypothesized that plinthite ironstones concretions negatively interfere in the development of crops of agro-economic interest. The objective was to verify the growth and development of soybean cultivated in soil with the presence and absence of plinthite ironstones. Concretionary Petric Plinthosol were collected in the 0-0,20 m layer and part of the soil was sieved so that concretions larger than 3.10 mm in diameter were removed, thus leaving two treatments, soil with and without plinthite ironstones. Morphological evaluations were performed during their phenological phase. Soybean grown in soil without ironstones showed higher growth at 32 and 48 DAE and more leaflets when compared to soy crop grown in soil with ironstones. As for dry matter, soybean grown in soil without ironstones showed more values for aerial, root and total mass as well for aerial root rate when compared to soybean grown in soil with ironstones. Plinthite ironstones interfere with the growth and/or vegetative development of soybeans. Soybean has less vegetative development when grown in soil with plinthite ironstone concretions.

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