scholarly journals Suicide-related thoughts and behavior and suicide death trends during the COVID-19 in the general population of Catalonia, Spain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Pérez ◽  
M. Elices ◽  
G. Vilagut ◽  
E. Vieta ◽  
J. Blanch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Suicide Death ◽  
And Behavior

Recent Suicidal Ideation and Behavior in the General Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 207 (5) ◽  
pp. 320-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Briere ◽  
Omin Kwon ◽  
Randye J. Semple ◽  
Natacha Godbout
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
General Population ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals A study of the knowledge, attitude and behavior among patients with psoriasis vulgaris during the COVID-19 lockdown period

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3120
Author(s):  
Sukanya G. ◽  
Richa Jotwani ◽  
Manoharan D. ◽  
Shreya Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Psoriasis Vulgaris ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Inflammatory Skin ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Behavior

Background: Patients with psoriasis may have been directly impacted by the COVID-19 lockdown and this may have had a significant effect on disease severity and treatment compliance. This study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitude and the behavioral practices of patients with psoriasis during the lockdown period.Methods: A self-assessed questionnaire was employed for the purpose of this study and was answered by 100 patients of clinically diagnosed psoriasis.Results: Although several patients were aware of their condition and its implications, a significant number of responders were found to have a faulty treatment compliance due to the COVID-19 lockdown.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluates the knowledge, attitude and behaviour during the COVID-19 lockdown period of individuals who have been clinically diagnosed with psoriasis. This study raises the possibility that the sustained psychosocial stress induced by the current pandemic can potentially lead to exacerbations or onset of common inflammatory skin conditions like psoriasis. The overall compliance to dermatologic therapy was slightly poor as there were frequent concerns regarding the safety of visiting a hospital or a doctor as well as possible financial constraints. As per this study, there is an urgent need to convey the right information about managing psoriasis during the COVID-19 pandemic among both the general population and patients alike. 

scholarly journals Validation of the Structured Interview for the Assessment of Expressed Emotion (E5) in a Sample of Adolescents and Young Adults From the General Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose-Antonio Muela-Martinez ◽  
Lourdes Espinosa-Fernandez ◽  
Luis-Joaquin Garcia-Lopez ◽  
Maria-Eva Martin-Puga
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
General Population ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Reliable Measure ◽  
Structure Reliability ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Emotional Overinvolvement ◽  
Summary Index ◽  
And Behavior

Expressed emotion (EE) is an index of significant others’ attitudes, feelings, and behavior toward an identified patient. EE was originally conceptualized as a dichotomous summary index. Thus, a family member is rated low or high on how much criticism, hostility, and emotional overinvolvement (EOI) s/he expresses toward an identified patient. However, the lack of brief, valid measures is a drawback to assess EE. To cover this gap, the E5 was designed. The objective of this study is to provide psychometric properties of a recent measured in adolescents to be used to tap perceived high levels of EE. The sample was composed by 2,905 adolescents aged from 11–19years; 57% girls. Results demonstrate good factor structure, reliability, construct validity and invariance across gender and age revealed a good fit. As a result, E5 is a brief, valid and reliable measure for assessing expressed emotion in parents of adolescent children.

scholarly journals Hypnotizability-Related Asymmetries: A Review

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015
Author(s):  
Vilfredo De Pascalis ◽  
Enrica Laura Santarcangelo
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Dispositional Trait ◽  
Individual Ability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior

Hypnotizability is a dispositional trait reflecting the individual ability to modify perception, memory and behavior according to imaginative suggestions. It is measured by validated scales that classify the general population in high (highs), medium (mediums) and low (lows) hypnotizable persons, predicts the individual proneness to respond to suggestions, and is particularly popular in the field of the cognitive control of pain and anxiety. Different hypnotizability levels, however, have been associated with specific brain morpho-functional characteristics and with peculiarities in the cognitive, sensorimotor and cardiovascular domains also in the ordinary state of consciousness and in the absence of specific suggestions. The present scoping review was undertaken to summarize the asymmetries observed in the phenomenology and physiological correlates of hypnosis and hypnotizability as possible indices of related hemispheric prevalence. It presents the findings of 137 papers published between 1974 and 2019. In summary, in the ordinary state of consciousness, behavioral, neurophysiological and neuroimaging investigations have revealed hypnotizability related asymmetries mainly consisting of pre-eminent left hemisphere information processing/activation in highs, and no asymmetries or opposite directions of them in lows. The described asymmetries are discussed in relation to the current theories of hypnotizability and hypnosis.

A CROSS SECTIONAL WEB BASED SURVEY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE TOWARDS COVID-19 AMONG THE GENERAL RURAL AND URBAN POPULATION OF UDAIPUR CITY, RAJASTHAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-83
Author(s):  
Ganesh Salvi
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
And Behavior

Background: The understanding level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards communicable diseases can role as barrier for community spread. Thus it become needful to apply necessary measures in forms of health education and behavior change communication method to prevent spread of communicable disease like COVID-19. Aims: Present study aimed to examine the KAPtoward COVID 19 among the general population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, web based, observational study among the general population of rural area. It was carried out from 14 October to 24 October, 2020 using google form, WhatsApp application. Information related to demographic characteristics and KAP about COVID 19 was collected and analyzed in Microsoft Excel. Results and conclusion:The mean age of the participants was 49 years, with 1140(57%) male and 860(43%) female. In order to deal appropriately to the newly spread infectious disease, people need to have basic knowledge about disease, positive attitude and good practices for prevention of disease. The present study found that a majority of the participants had good sufcient level of knowledge on COVID-19 virus. Even people are not very sure about how long this pandemic situation will stay and also how government can win on COVID-19virus to avoid spreading.

Study of MGUS-Series: Disease Evolution, Coexistant Disorders and Other Clinical Observations

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 5323-5323
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Maltezas ◽  
Nikolaou Eftychia ◽  
Paraskevi Papaioannou ◽  
Aikaterini Bitsani ◽  
Tatiana Tzenou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
General Population ◽  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
Monoclonal Protein ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Introduction: Monoclonal Gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is an asymptomatic premalignant plasma cell disorder occurring mainly in the elderly population. Its evolution, association with various diseases and behavior is an interesting study field in an attempt to understand its pathogenesis and disease course. Aim: To study the grade of coexistence of non-malignant and malignant diseases along with disease evolution and behavior in patients with MGUS, diagnosed in a single center. Patients and methods:We studied 138 MGUS-patients that were diagnosed in our center and then followed up to a median of 36 months (6months - 22 years). Median age was 66 years (27-92 years). 57% were of female sex. Monoclonal heavy chain was IgG in 76%, IgA in 14% and IgM in 10% of the patients while 63% presented k-chain clonality. Non-malignant and malignant preexisting diseases were documented at the time point of MGUS-Diagnosis. Patients with B-NHL expressing monoclonal Protein were not classified as MGUS since malignant B-Lymphocytes can be responsible for its production. Results: 10.9% of the patients presented solid tumors. The most common malignancy was Prostate-Cancer in 8.5% of the male patients followed by Thyroid-Cancer which was present in 2.2% of the whole patient group.Hematological malignancies were existent in 10.9% of the patients. 4.3% presented myeloproliferative neoplasms while myelodysplastic syndromes were represented in 5% of the patients.18.1% of the patients presented with diverse benign tumors, 8% had been diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus while 32.6% presented cardiovascular disease, mainly hypertension (23.2%). Hyperlipidemia was present in 8.7%. Finally 18.1% of the patients presented non-malignant thyroid disease, mainly hypothyroidism (10.9%) which is increased compared to the general population.17 MGUS-Patients (12%) presented disease evolution. 3 Patients evolved directly to multiple myeloma while 3 more evolved initially to smoldering myeloma (SMM) before developing overt myeloma. 8 patients evolved to SMM without any further progression. 2 patients with IgM-MGUS presented Waldenström's maroglobulinemia in the follow up while one patient developed a B-NHL. We performed a statistical analysis, where only abnormal serum free light chain ratio (sFLCR) was found to have a prognostic impact on MGUS-progression (p=0.03).Within this group of evolving MGUS-patients two of them presented a very remarkable course. The first one was diagnosed with MGUS while she was in remission after Hodgkin's Lymphoma. She evolved then to SMM confirmed by bone marrow biopsy with more than 10% plasma cell infiltration by immunohistochemistry. After being stable for several months, monoclonal protein was no longer detectable and plasma cells in the bone marrow were normal without any treatment. The second patient was initially diagnosed with MGUS with a high sFLCR of 60. She then evolved to SMM with further sFLCR-increase up to 100 but remained without treatment according to the guidelines at that time. Four years later she developed anemia and the final diagnosis was B-NHL. Conclusion: In our study group MGUS was associated with numerous malignant and non-malignant disorders. Hypothyroidism was a common finding, increased compared to the general population. MGUS-evolution was also observed however disease course was unexpected in some patients showing the heterogeneity of the disease. sFLCR was confirmed as a prognostic factor. Further study is necessary to investigate any possible implication of the above findings in the disease pathogenesis and course. Disclosures Kyrtsonis: Genesis: Honoraria; Millenium: Research Funding; Lilly: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding.

Early mortality and mental illness: ‘Fatal’ Discrimination

2015 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Anindya Das ◽  
Mohan Rao ◽  
Mercian Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Early Mortality ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
And Behavior

Worldwide research has provided evidence of premature death in people with mental illness (as compared to the general population). Moreover, in recent decades, the mortality gap between the preceding two groups has not shown any decline even in countries with the most accessible/responsive health systems. This essay considers mortality to be influenced by a multiplicity of factors, many of which, in addition, influence the rate of occurrence and recovery from mental illnesses. The essay examines these factors and analyses them through the lens of structural discrimination (defined as institutional and social structures that perpetuate norms, practices and behavior that deny opportunities/rights to others, often members of a minority). The implications for India in this regard are also reflected upon.

scholarly journals Not intended, still embarrassed: Social anxiety is related to increased levels of embarrassment in response to unintentional social norm violations

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam ◽  
Henk van Steenbergen ◽  
Nic J.A. van der Wee ◽  
P. Michiel Westenberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
General Population ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Socially Anxious ◽  
Norm Violations ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractBackground:Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is associated with altered social norm (SN) processing: SAD-patients rate stories on SN violations as more inappropriate and more embarrassing than healthy participants, with the most prominent effect for stories on unintentional SN violations (i.e. committing a blunder). Until now it’s unknown how levels of social anxiety (SA) are related to ratings of SN violations in the general population, in which SA-symptoms are present at a continuum. More insight in this relationship could improve our understanding of the symptom profile of SAD. Therefore, we investigated the relation between ratings of SN violations and SA-levels in the general population.Methods:Adults and adolescents (n = 87) performed the revised Social Norm Processing Task (SNPT-R) and completed self-report questionnaires on social anxiety. Repeated-measures ANCOVAs were used to investigate the effect of SA on the ratings of inappropriateness and embarrassment.Results:As hypothesized, participants with higher SA-levels rated SN violations as more inappropriate and more embarrassing. Whereas participants with low-to-intermediate SA-levels rated unintentional SN violations as less embarrassing than intentional SN violations, participants with high SA-levels (z-score SA ≥ 1.6) rated unintentional SN violations as equally embarrassing as intentional SN violations.Conclusion:These findings indicate that increased embarrassment for unintentional SN violations is an important characteristic of social anxiety. These high levels of embarrassment are likely related to the debilitating concern of socially-anxious people that their skills and behavior do not meet expectations of others, and to their fear of blundering. This concern might be an important target for future therapeutic interventions.

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