Using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN 2.1) as a diagnostic interview providing dimensional measures: Cross-national findings on the psychometric properties of psychopathology scales

AbstractBackgroundThe Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) is a set of clinical assessment instruments developed under the auspices of WHO. In contrast to other structured diagnostic interviews, SCAN also provides possibilities for dimensional assessment of psychopathology. This paper reports cross-national findings on the psychometric properties of psychopathology scales derived from SCAN 2.1.MethodsWithin a randomized controlled trial, SCAN 2.1 was used in Dresden (Germany), Michalovce (Slovak Republic), Prague (Czech Republic), and Wrocław (Poland). Forty-seven items from Part I of SCAN 2.1, identified as qualifying for constructing dimensional measures, were, on the one hand, grouped according to their allocation to five specific SCAN 2.1 sections. On the other hand, principal component analyses were used to group the items according to their statistical relationship. To estimate the reliability of the scales, Cronbach's α was computed. To assess factor similarity across sites, Tucker's congruence coefficients were calculated. To appraise concurrent validity, mean scale scores were compared across different diagnostic groups.ResultsReliability was qualified as moderate to substantial for all generated scales. Factor-solutions differed across sites. Differences in mean scores supported the assumption that the scales might possess, in addition to face validity, concurrent validity.ConclusionsThis is the first cross-national study on the psychometric properties of psychopathology scales derived from SCAN 2.1, and findings are very encouraging concerning its use as a dimensional measure. However, further studies are needed to substantiate implementation of the scales established.

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Survey the level of well-being and Psychometric characteristics of hospital nurses’ well-being at work scale

Occupational Medicine ◽

10.18502/tkj.v12i1.3659 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

R Soltani Shal ◽

F Saadatbin Javaheri ◽

A Zebardast

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Content Validity ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Principal Component ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Face Validity ◽

Hospital Nurses ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: Mental health problems is common among nurses, because they have to deal with to workplace stresses such as work-rest cycle problems, overload responsibility, financial problems, lack of vacation time, pressures of work, patient communication frameworks and painful experiences of patients. These factors can decrease their wellbeing, but there is not brief and practical scale to assess psychological resiliency among nurses. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the hospital nurses’ well-being at work scale. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 194 nurses. The hospital nurses’ well-being at work was administered. The hospital nurses’ well-being at work is composed of 67 items and psychometric properties were examined through the Face validity, Content Validity, Concurrent validity, Construct validity. The data were analyzes by SPSS software. Results: Face and content validity were approved by five psychologists. The KMO index and Bartlett's Cruity Index indicated that correlation matrix was suitable for performing exploratory factor analysis. Factor analysis with Principal Component Analysis extracted one factor with 67.06% total variance. Internal consistency was confirmed by a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.957. According to the findings of the present study, 2.1% of nurses experienced very low well-being, 6.7% experienced low, 66.6% experienced moderate and 22.7% experienced high one. Conclusion: This study showed that the hospital nurses’ well-being at workplace had appropriate psychometric properties and is a valid and reliable screening index to measure well-being of nurses. This index could facilitate the assessing Well-Being in brief and practical way among nurses.

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PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE SUBJECTIVE-OBJECTIVE MALNUTRITION RISK ASSESSMENT (SOMRA) IN A STUDY OF SWEDISH PEOPLE AGED ? 60 YEARS

Journal of Aging Research and Lifestyle ◽

10.14283/jarcp.2016.125 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

M. Naseer ◽

C. Fagerström

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Older People ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽

Test Reliability ◽

National Study ◽

Baseline Survey ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

At Home

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the risk of malnutrition and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Subjective-Objective Malnutrition Risk Assessment (SOMRA), SOMRA cut-offs and Swedish-Guidelines on Malnutrition Risk Assessment (SGMRA) for Swedish people aged ≥ 60 years. Setting: This study included both older people living at home and those in special housing. Participants: 1222 of the 1402 subjects aged ≥ 60 years who had participated in the baseline survey (2001–2003) as part of the ongoing National Study on Aging and Care-Blekinge (SNAC-B) were included because they had provided complete information on Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Measurements: The risk of malnutrition was estimated by the SOMRA, MNA, and SGMRA. To measure concurrent validity, the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve, Cohen’s kappa (κ) and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient rho (rs) were used. Youden’s index (J) was computed to assess the optimal cut-off on SOMRA. Cronbach’s alpha (α) was used to test reliability. Results: The risks of malnutrition measured by SOMRA, MNA and SGMRA were 6.5%, 8.6% and 20.9%, respectively. The risk was higher among older people living in special housing compared to those at home (p < 0.05). Different optimal cut-offs on SOMRA were observed for residents living at home (≥ 1) and those in special housing (≥ 3). Compared to SGMRA, the SOMRA and SOMRA cut-off ≥ 3 gave higher values for J (0.68, 0.81, and 0.84, respectively), κ (0.59, 0.77, and 0.84, respectively) and rs (0.64, 0.78, and 0.84, respectively) for the older people in special housing. The reliability for SOMRA was α = 0.71. Conclusion: The risk of malnutrition was higher among older people in special housing than among those living at home. For the people in special housing, the SOMRA and SOMRA cut-off ≥ 3 showed higher concurrent validity with MNA compared to the SGMRA, but not for older people living at home. SOMRA includes six items, takes less time to implement and is composed of both subjective and anthropometric measurements; therefore, it is suitable for use in special housing and/or clinical settings to identify the risk of malnutrition or the need for nutritional support.

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Online wine purchasing: a comparison between South Africa and Italy

The TQM Journal ◽

10.1108/tqm-10-2019-0242 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 837-847

Author(s):

Nicola Cobelli ◽

Georgina Wilkinson

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Technology Acceptance ◽

South African ◽

Principal Component ◽

Perceived Usefulness ◽

National Study ◽

Clear Understanding ◽

Wine Production ◽

Content Type ◽

Cross National

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore South African and Italian consumers' attitude toward online wine purchasing. In detail, through the application of the technology acceptance model (TAM), this research intends to explain the antecedents of consumers actual online purchasing of wine in South Africa and Italy.Design/methodology/approachTwo questionnaire-based surveys were conducted, yielding a sample of 190 consumers in South Africa and 179 in Italy. Data were analyzed through several techniques including t-tests, principal component factor analyses, and binary logistic regressions.FindingsOverall, the findings show that South African and Italian online wine consumers are more similar than the offline wine consumers. However, perceived usefulness has an impact on the use of the online channel to purchase wine in Italy but not in South Africa, whereas perceived complexity has an effect in South Africa but not in Italy.Research limitations/implicationsThis study adopts a convenience sampling technique, suggesting that the used samples are not representative of the whole population. Moreover, TAM offers a simple and clear understanding of the actual use of wine e-commerce but overlooks other potential explanatory factors.Practical implicationsTargeting online wine consumers in South Africa and Italy opens up the opportunity for using cross-national highly standardized product and communication strategies. However, different approaches are required to convert offline wine consumers to online wine consumers in South Africa and Italy.Originality/valueThis is the first cross-national study investigating consumers' attitude toward online wine purchasing in South Africa and Italy. Moreover, it offers a comparison of online and offline wine consumers in the two countries. In addition, the research offers a new point of view over consumers of Italy and South Africa, two important countries in terms of wine production and consumption that can be very beneficial for wineries owners and managers.

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Too Much to Bear

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000355 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 59-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nicole J. Peak ◽

James C. Overholser ◽

Josephine Ridley ◽

Abby Braden ◽

Lauren Fisher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Medical Center ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Veterans Affairs ◽

Self Report ◽

Perceived Burdensomeness ◽

Scale Method

Abstract. Background: People who feel they have become a burden on others may become susceptible to suicidal ideation. When people no longer feel capable or productive, they may assume that friends and family members would be better off without them. Aim: The present study was designed to assess preliminary psychometric properties of a new measure, the Perceived Burdensomeness (PBS) Scale. Method: Depressed psychiatric patients (N = 173) were recruited from a veterans affairs medical center. Patients were assessed with a structured diagnostic interview and self-report measures assessing perceived burdensomeness, depression severity, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation. Results: The present study supported preliminary evidence of reliability and concurrent validity of the PBS. Additionally, perceived burdensomeness was significantly associated with higher levels of hopelessness and suicidal ideation. Conclusion: It is hoped that with the aid of the PBS clinicians may be able to intervene more specifically in the treatment of suicidality.

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The Stigma of Suicide Scale

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000156 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 13-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Philip J. Batterham ◽

Alison L. Calear ◽

Helen Christensen

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Online Survey ◽

National University ◽

Stigmatizing Attitudes ◽

High Internal Consistency ◽

At Home

Background: There are presently no validated scales to adequately measure the stigma of suicide in the community. The Stigma of Suicide Scale (SOSS) is a new scale containing 58 descriptors of a “typical” person who completes suicide. Aims: To validate the SOSS as a tool for assessing stigma toward suicide, to examine the scale’s factor structure, and to assess correlates of stigmatizing attitudes. Method: In March 2010, 676 staff and students at the Australian National University completed the scale in an online survey. The construct validity of the SOSS was assessed by comparing its factors with factors extracted from the Suicide Opinion Questionnaire (SOQ). Results: Three factors were identified: stigma, isolation/depression, and glorification/normalization. Each factor had high internal consistency and strong concurrent validity with the Suicide Opinion Questionnaire. More than 25% of respondents agreed that people who suicided were “weak,” “reckless,” or “selfish.” Respondents who were female, who had a psychology degree, or who spoke only English at home were less stigmatizing. A 16-item version of the scale also demonstrated robust psychometric properties. Conclusions: The SOSS is the first attitudes scale designed to directly measure the stigma of suicide in the community. Results suggest that psychoeducation may successfully reduce stigma.

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The Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Resiliency Scale in Chinese Undergraduates

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000023 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 162-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Lixia Cui ◽

Xiujie Teng ◽

Xupei Li ◽

Tian P.S. Oei

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Higher Order ◽

Criterion Variable ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

High Level ◽

Chinese Undergraduates

The current study examined the factor structure and the psychometric properties of Sandra Prince-Embury’s Resiliency Scale for Adolescents (RESA) in Chinese undergraduates. A total of 726 undergraduate students were randomly divided into two subsamples: Sample A was used for the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Sample B was used for the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The EFA revealed that 56 items and a model of 10 factors with 3 higher order factors (as described by Sandra) were to be retained; CFA with Sample B confirmed this result. The overall scale and the subscales of the Chinese-RESA demonstrated a high level of internal consistency. Furthermore, concurrent validity was demonstrated by the correlation of the scale with other instruments such as the PANAS and the CSS, and the predictive validity was confirmed via three multiple regression analyses using the PANAS as a criterion variable: one for the 10 subscales of the C-RESA, one for the 3 higher order scales, and one for the total C-RESA. We concluded that the C-RESA may be used for research into Chinese undergraduates’ adaptive behaviors.

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