Peer and family influence in eating disorders: A meta-analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Quiles Marcos ◽  
M.J. Quiles Sebastián ◽  
L. Pamies Aubalat ◽  
J. Botella Ausina ◽  
J. Treasure
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Dieting Behavior ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Reference Sections ◽  
Adolescent Girls And Boys ◽  
Eating Practices

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to undertake a systematic review using meta-analysis procedures to assess the relationships between eating disorders and peer and family influence and to evaluate whether gender plays a moderator role in that relationship.MethodPsycINFO, Medline, Web of Science, EPSCO and Embase databases from 1980 to 2010 were searched in June and October 2010. Hand searching of relevant reference sections was also undertaken.ResultsIt was possible to obtain 83 effect sizes from the 25 studies selected. Results showed that both peers and family influence dieting behavior, body dissatisfaction and bulimic symptoms in adolescent girls and boys. Furthermore, the analyses of the moderator variables showed that the variability of the effect sizes found was, in some cases, explained by gender, influence type and the country of the sample.Discussion and conclusionThese results highlight how daily social interactions can influence unhealthy eating practices in adolescent girls and boys, and suggest that weight-related issues of parents and peers can be transmitted to adolescents.

scholarly journals Social anxiety in the eating disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (15) ◽  
pp. 2477-2491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jess Kerr-Gaffney ◽  
Amy Harrison ◽  
Kate Tchanturia
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Meta Analyses

AbstractSocial anxiety disorder is one of the most common comorbid conditions in eating disorders (EDs). The aim of the current review and meta-analysis is to provide a qualitative summary of what is known about social anxiety (SA) in EDs, as well as to compare levels of SA in those with EDs and healthy controls. Electronic databases were systematically searched for studies using self-report measures of SA in ED populations. In total, 38 studies were identified, 12 of which were included in the meta-analyses. For both anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa, there were significant differences between ED groups and HCs, with medium to large effect sizes. Findings from the qualitative review indicate that levels of SA are similar across the ED diagnoses, and SA improves with treatment in AN. In addition, high levels of SA are associated with more severe ED psychopathology, but not body mass index. These findings add to the wider literature on socio-emotional functioning in EDs, and may have implications for treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Body weight and body shape concerns and related behaviours among Indian urban adolescent girls

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1075-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nivedita Som ◽  
Susmita Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Urban Adolescent ◽  
Urban Adolescent Girls ◽  
Eating Practices

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the associations of body weight and body shape concerns and related behaviours with actual weight status among urban adolescent girls.DesignIn the present cross-sectional study, a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on body weight and body shape concerns and related behaviours. Sociodemographic information was collected using a pre-tested schedule. Weight and height of each girl were measured to assess actual weight status.SettingTwin cities of Kolkata and Howrah, West Bengal, India.SubjectsA total of 1223 adolescent girls aged 14–19 years were selected from nine schools in Kolkata and Howrah in West Bengal.ResultsMany overweight girls perceived themselves as overweight and engaged in weight-reducing activities. However, several normal-weight girls also perceived them as overweight and attempted to lose weight. Unhealthy eating practices to reduce weight were followed by both overweight and normal-weight girls and even by a few underweight girls. Multivariate binary logistic regression showed a significant association between actual weight status and use of unhealthy weight-loss measures. The likelihood of adopting unhealthy eating practices was significantly higher among overweight than normal-weight girls.ConclusionsHealth education programmes should be introduced at schools to promote effective weight-control practices that help dispel myths about weight loss.

scholarly journals Morbid exercise behaviour and eating disorders: A meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-224
Author(s):  
Manuel Alcaraz-Ibáñez ◽  
Adrian Paterna ◽  
Álvaro Sicilia ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Exercise Behaviour ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground and aimsThis study examined the relationship between self-reported symptoms of morbid exercise behaviour (MEB) and eating disorders (ED) using meta-analytic techniques.MethodsWe systematically searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, SciELO and Scopus. Random effects models were used to compute pooled effect sizes estimates (r). The robustness of the summarized estimates was examined through sensitivity analyses by removing studies one at a time.ResultsSixty-six studies comprising 135 effect-sizes (N = 21,816) were included. The results revealed: (a) small-sized relationship in the case of bulimic symptoms (r = 0.19), (b) small- (r = 0.28) to medium-sized relationships (r = 0.41) in the case of body/eating concerns, and (c) medium-sized relationships in the case of overall ED symptoms (r = 0.35) and dietary restraint (r = 0.42). Larger effect sizes were observed in the case of overall ED symptoms in clinical, younger, and thinner populations, as well as when employing a continuously-scored instrument for assessing ED or the Compulsive Exercise Test for assessing MEB. Larger effect sizes were also found in female samples when the ED outcome was dietary restraint.ConclusionsThe identified gaps in the literature suggest that future research on the topic may benefit from: (a) considering a range of clinical (in terms of diagnosed ED) and non-clinical populations from diverse exercise modalities, (b) addressing a wide range of ED symptomatology, and (c) employing longitudinal designs that clarify the temporal direction of the relationship under consideration.

Low Self-Esteem as a Risk Factor for Eating Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 229 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle-Sophie O. Colmsee ◽  
Petra Hank ◽  
Michael Bošnjak
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Relevant Effect ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Pathological Eating

Abstract. Eating disorders are a major health concern and the identification of relevant risk factors is crucial for prevention. This meta-analysis aims to give insight into the relevance of low self-esteem in the development of pathological eating. Longitudinal and partial correlations were synthesized in a random-effects multilevel model. In total, 25 effect sizes were obtained from 13 primary studies. These mainly included females from late childhood to young adulthood. The results reveal a practically relevant effect of self-esteem on eating disorders ( r = −.23, ρ = −.09). This effect was significantly larger for females and for shorter time periods between measurements. Additionally, self-esteem and eating disorders are both temporally stable. It is concluded that low self-esteem acts as a universal risk factor for different eating disorders. Limitations are due to the reliance on bivariate correlations and a small number of effect sizes. The necessity of more high-quality research in this field is discussed.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of set-shifting ability in eating disorders

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1075-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARION E. ROBERTS ◽  
KATE TCHANTURIA ◽  
DANIEL STAHL ◽  
LAURA SOUTHGATE ◽  
JANET TREASURE
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sort Test ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Standardized Effect Sizes ◽  
Neuropsychological Tasks

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim was to critically appraise and synthesize the literature relating to set-shifting ability in eating disorders. PsycINFO, Medline, and Web of Science databases were searched to December 2005. Hand searching of eating-disorder journals and relevant reference sections was also undertaken.MethodThe 15 selected studies contained both eating disorder and healthy control groups, and employed at least one of the following six neuropsychological measures of set-shifting ability; Trail Making Test (TMT), Wisconsin Card Sort Test (WCST), Brixton task, Haptic Illusion, CatBat task, or the set-shifting subset of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). The outcome variable was performance on the set-shifting aspect of the task. Pooled standardized mean differences (effect sizes) were calculated.ResultsTMT, WCST, CatBat and Haptic tasks had sufficient sample sizes for meta-analysis. These four tasks yielded acceptable pooled standardized effect sizes (0·36; TMT −1·05; Haptic) with moderate variation within studies (as measured by confidence intervals). The Brixton task showed a small pooled mean difference, and displayed more variation between sample results. The effect size for CANTAB set shifting was 0·17.ConclusionProblems in set shifting as measured by a variety of neuropsychological tasks are present in people with eating disorders.

Set-shifting ability across the spectrum of eating disorders and in overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (16) ◽  
pp. 3365-3385 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wu ◽  
T. Brockmeyer ◽  
M. Hartmann ◽  
M. Skunde ◽  
W. Herzog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Underlying Factor ◽  
Subgroup Analyses

Background.In this meta-analysis we review the findings from neuropsychological studies on set-shifting in people with eating disorders (EDs) or overweight/obesity.Method.Four databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX and Web of Science) were searched for eligible studies. Effect sizes (ESs) were pooled using random-effects models. Moderator analyses were conducted for ED and overweight/obese subgroups, adult/adolescent samples and measures of set-shifting.Results.Sixty-four studies with a total of 1825 ED patients [1394 anorexia nervosa (AN), 376 bulimia nervosa (BN) and 55 binge eating disorder (BED)] and 10 studies with a total of 449 overweight/obese individuals were included. The meta-analysis revealed a small to medium ES for inefficient set-shifting across all three ED diagnoses (Hedges’ g = –0.45). Subgroup analyses yielded small to medium ESs for each ED subtype (g = –0.44 for AN, –0.53 for BED, –0.50 for BN), which did not differ significantly. There was a medium ES for restricting type AN (ANR; g = –0.51) but no significant ES for binge/purge type AN (AN/BP; g = –0.18). A medium ES was found across obesity studies (g = –0.61). The ES across overweight studies was not significant (g = –0.07). Adult samples did not differ from adolescent samples in either ED or overweight/obesity studies. The different set-shifting measures were associated with largely varying ESs.Conclusions.The meta-analysis provides strong support that inefficient set-shifting is a salient neuropsychological phenomenon across ED subtypes and obesity, but is less prominent in AN/BP and overweight. Compulsivity seems to be a common underlying factor supporting a dimensional and transdiagnostic conceptualization of EDs and obesity.

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